air

• n. 空气，大气；天空；样子；曲调
• vt. 使通风，晾干；夸耀
• vi. 通风

来自拉丁词aerem, 举起，空气。

1. a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of;

"air pollution"

"a smell of chemicals in the air"

"open a window and let in some air"

"I need some fresh air"

2. travel via aircraft;

"air travel involves too much waiting in airports"

"if you've time to spare go by air"

3. the region above the ground;

"her hand stopped in mid air"

"he threw the ball into the air"

4. medium for radio and television broadcasting;

"the program was on the air from 9 til midnight"

"the president used the airwaves to take his message to the people"

5. a slight wind (usually refreshing);

"the breeze was cooled by the lake"

"as he waited he could feel the air on his neck"

6. a distinctive but intangible quality surrounding a person or thing;

"an air of mystery"

"the house had a neglected air"

"an atmosphere of defeat pervaded the candidate's headquarters"

"the place had an aura of romance"

7. the mass of air surrounding the Earth;

"there was great heat as the comet entered the atmosphere"

"it was exposed to the air"

8. a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence;

"she was humming an air from Beethoven"

9. once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)

air

air: [13] Modern English air is a blend of three strands of meaning from, ultimately, two completely separate sources. In the sense of the gas we breathe it goes back via Old French air and Latin āēr to Greek áēr ‘air’ (whence the aero-compounds of English; see AEROPLANE). Related words in Greek were áērni ‘I blow’ and aúrā ‘breeze’ (from which English acquired aura in the 18th century), and cognates in other Indo-European languages include Latin ventus ‘wind’, English wind, and nirvana ‘extinction of existence’, which in Sanskrit meant literally ‘blown out’.

In the 16th century a completely new set of meanings of air arrived in English: ‘appearance’ or ‘demeanour’. The first known instance comes in Shakespeare’s 1 Henry IV, IV, i: ‘The quality and air of our attempt brooks no division’ (1596). This air was borrowed from French, where it probably represents an earlier, Old French, aire ‘nature, quality’, whose original literal meaning ‘place of origin’ (reflected in another derivative, eyrie) takes it back to Latin ager ‘place, field’, source of English agriculture and related to acre. (The final syllable of English debonair [13] came from Old French aire, incidentally; the phrase de bon aire meant ‘of good disposition’.) The final strand in modern English air comes via the Italian descendant of Latin āēr, aria.

This had absorbed the ‘nature, quality’ meanings of Old French aire, and developed them further to ‘melody’ (perhaps on the model of German weise, which means both ‘way, manner’ and ‘tune’ – its English cognate wise, as in ‘in no wise’, meant ‘song’ from the 11th to the 13th centuries). It seems likely that English air in the sense ‘tune’ is a direct translation of the Italian.

Here again, Shakespeare got in with it first – in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, I, i: ‘Your tongue’s sweet air more tunable than lark to shepherd’s ear’ (1590). (Aria itself became an English word in the 18th century.)
=> acre, aeroplane, agriculture, aria, aura, eyrie, malaria, wind

air (v.)

"to expose to open air," 1520s, from air (n.1). Figurative sense of "to expose, make public" is from 1610s of objects, 1862 of opinions, grievances, etc. Meaning "to broadcast" (originally on radio) is from 1933. Related: Aired; airing.

air (n.1)

c. 1300, "invisible gases that make up the atmosphere," from Old French air "atmosphere, breeze, weather" (12c.), from Latin aerem (nominative aer) "air, lower atmosphere, sky," from Greek aer (genitive aeros) "air" (related to aenai "to blow, breathe"), which is of unknown origin, possibly from a base *awer- and thus related to aeirein "to raise" and arteria "windpipe, artery" (see aorta) on notion of "lifting, that which rises." In Homer mostly "thick air, mist;" later "air" as one of the four elements.

Words for "air" in Indo-European languages tend to be associated with wind, brightness, sky. In English, air replaced native lyft, luft (see loft (n.)). To be in the air "in general awareness" is from 1875; up in the air "uncertain, doubtful" is from 1752. To build castles in the air is from 1590s (in 17c. English had airmonger "one preoccupied with visionary projects"). Broadcasting sense (as in on the air) first recorded 1927. To give (someone) the air "dismiss" is from 1900. Air pollution is attested by 1870.

air (n.2)

1590s, "manner, appearance" (as in an air of mystery); 1650s, "assumed manner, affected appearance" (especially in phrase put on airs, 1781), from French air "look, appearance, mien, bearing, tone" (Old French aire "reality, essence, nature, descent, extraction," 12c.; compare debonair), from Latin ager "place, field" (see acre) on notion of "place of origin."

But some French sources connect this Old French word with the source of air (n.1), and it also is possible these senses in English developed from or were influenced by air (n.1); compare sense development of atmosphere and Latin spiritus "breath, breeze," also "high spirit, pride," and the extended senses of anima.

air (n.3)

"melody, tune," 1580s, from Italian aria (see aria).

atmosphere, air, gas

这些名词均与"空气"有关。

atmosphere：指围绕有的星球，特别是围绕地球的空气，即大气层。也可指环境气氛。

air：指空气，也泛指一般气体。

gas：指气态物，尤指供燃烧取暖或照明的气体，其中一部分称作瓦斯。

attitude, air, manner

这些名词均含"态度，风度"之意。

attitude：普通用词，指对人或事情的看法和采取的行为，多有某种不很明确或不便明说的感情色彩。

air：含义广泛。单数形式指某人脸上表现出的心理活动，或言谈举止；复数形式指某人故意做作而摆出的架子。

manner：多指某人在某一场合的言谈举止等。

Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that expand over time and let in more outside air.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

It's good to get back to some fresh air.

出自-2013年6月听力原文

What controls remain for the users will be audio-based, so, for example, you'll just have to say "a bit warmer", and the air conditioning will adjust automatically

出自-2013年6月听力原文

In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.

出自-2011年12月听力原文

Whether she can travel by air.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

This doesn't mean to put on airs and say "do you know who I am?

出自-2010年6月听力原文

"One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little control," he said.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious damage occurring in the developing world.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

Although in-flight infections thrive in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air filters used.

2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

Around 9 in 10 people in low- and middle-income countries live in places where they regularly experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

If you're planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the unpleasant feeling air travel often leaves you with.

2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

It has been trying out monitoring stations that are intended to yield minute-to-minute maps of outdoor air pollution.

2018年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

millions die early from air pollution each year.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel.

2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost individuals percent in a simulation of air travel.

2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

the 20th century a highway, car, truck century—and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air, " Kasarda says.

2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste.

2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

The airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington airfield in Bedfordshire.

2018年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income equals-nearly 1% of GDP.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

The figures include a number of costs associated with air pollution.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors' favor.

2018年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less vulnerable to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.

2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poisonfree food.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

As if that were not enough, a Brazilian C-130 Hercules military transport plane has remained stranded near the runway of Chile's air base here since it crash-landed in 2014.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

In the meantime, the amount of CO2 in the air is rapidly approaching the limits proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

James hiked, fished, learnt to sail and experimented with hot air ballooning.

出自-2013年12月听力原文

We can pollute the air with acids, the rivers with sewage(污水), the seas with oil

出自-2013年12月听力原文

By inhaling air polluted with the virus.

出自-2013年6月听力原文

The higher one climbs, the less oxygen there is in the air.

出自-2012年12月听力原文

When people don't get enough oxygen, they often begin togasp for air

出自-2012年12月听力原文

In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.

出自-2011年12月听力原文

5 million people died prematurely from outdoor air pollution in 2015.

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

As stories go through the chains of people, they are refined, corrected and sorted out until they come finally to me and I have a chance to read through most stories before I go on the air.

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

But all these concepts are massively expensive, require safety certification standards for road and air, need dual controls, involve complex folding wings and propellers,and have to be flown from air-strips.

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poison-free food.

2016年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

In two cases, huge machines have been used to lift the buildings up to 30 centimeters into the air.

2019年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Journalist Sarah Scoles reports that NASA currently tracks about 24,000 objects in space, and in 2016 the air Force had to issue 3,995,874 warnings to satellite owners alerting them to a potential nearby threat from another satellite or bit of debris.

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

Online security cameras, intelligent lighting and a wealth of sensors that control both temperature and air quality are offering an unprecedented level of control, efficiency, and improvements to what were once classed necessary costs when running a busin

2017年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

That presumably included much more water than the tiny trace we find blowing in the thick air today.

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

The air can stay warmer, longer too.

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe, over 80% of the world's urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines.

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

They soar up to 40 meters into the cold air.

2019年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has amassed comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.

2018年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

Traffic has become synonymous with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades.

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

without those masses of cooling sea ice, warm air brought to the Arctic can penetrate further inland than it ever did before.

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air to the right woman.

2017年高考英语全国卷3 完形填空 原文

A vehicle is polluting the air.

2016年高考英语上海卷 听力 选项

Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloons...and monkeys in space.

2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

And because the process of recycling steel is less polluting than making new steel, we've also achieved the following significant savings; in energy use—47% to 74%; in air pollution—85%; in water pollution—35%; in water use—40%.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house.

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls in the ground---and, in the process, it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact: bowls of rice do not flood in mid-air, but require support to remain stable.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Good morning! This is clean air hot line.

2016年高考英语上海卷 听力 原文

Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

2015年高考英语全国卷1 语法填空 原文

If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to "air condition" a house without using electric equipment.

2015年高考英语全国卷2 语法填空 原文

Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.

2017年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Is fresh air really good for you?

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

It has seats in the open air.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读A 选项

It leads to air pollution and global warming.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 选项

It looks like an open air museum in the city.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

Jordan Axani, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May.

2017年高考英语全国卷3 完形填空 原文

Out of breath, I swung open the door and got a blast of cold air that instantly cooled me off.

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读表达 原文

Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air.

2015年高考英语上海卷 语法填空 A 原文

Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

That means a transparent object doesn't look very different from the surrounding air or water.

2015年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The air was so different from the city, cool and fresh.

2019年高考英语全国卷2 听力 原文

The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, making air conditioning unnecessary.

2016年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文

The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.

2015年高考英语四川卷 单项填空 原文

The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

The transition, which flew at 1, 400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The wind blew non-stop, and all the food I ate, and the very air I breathed, were filled with sand, sand, sand!

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 完形填空 原文

These modern architectural masterpieces are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Today, the scars of destruction are still seen in rockaway, but hope is in the air.

2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

We need to have some fresh air.

2016年高考英语全国卷1 听力 原文

What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, vocs for short.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.

2015年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale has a tendency to form an invisible cloud around you head.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him”.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.

出自-2015年考研翻译原文

It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why.

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

Among other weaknesses, the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious, and therefore vulnerable.

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for process.

2017年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins—are

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient .

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Mayor Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign, despite its success in improving air quality.

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Seven months and one election day later, a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone, a first step toward its possible demise.

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

That s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers-who must pay fees or buy better vehicles 一rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The air flowing over a bird's wings curls upwards behind the wingtips, a phenomenon known as up wash.

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality, and the science tells us that means real health benefits - fewer heart attacks, strokes and premature births, less cancer, dementia and asthma.

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

currents of warm air

暖气流

牛津词典

I kicked the ball high in/into the air .

我把球高高地踢到空中。

牛津词典

Spicy smells wafted through the air .

空中飘来一阵阵辛辣的气味。

牛津词典

I need to put some air in my tyres.

我需要给我的轮胎打些气。

牛津词典

Let's go out for some fresh air .

咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。

牛津词典

air pollution

空气污染

牛津词典

He told reporters today that the president's trip to Moscow is up in the air.

今天他告诉记者们总统是否前往莫斯科尚未确定。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

As soon as I know I'm in the team it's like I'm walking on air.

一得知我加入了这个队，我高兴得像飞上了天。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There was great excitement in the air...

人人都感到无比激动。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She walked away and left the question hanging in the air.

她走开了，将疑问留在人们心里。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She is going on the air as presenter of a new show...

她即将上电视主持一档新节目。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Rockwell hopes the program can be on the air within a year...

罗克韦尔希望该节目能在一年内播出。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

'But where could they have gone?' he demanded. 'They can't just vanish into thin air!'...

“但是他们可能去哪里呢？”他追问道，“他们不可能就神秘消失了!”

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He had materialized out of thin air; I had not seen or heard him coming.

他突然间神秘地出现了；我既没看见他来，也没听见他的脚步声。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Government troops broke up the protest by firing their guns in the air...

政府军队朝天鸣枪驱散了抗议人群。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

People's cigarette smoke seemed to hang in the air.

人们吸烟的烟雾似乎会长时间滞留在空气中。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Air travel will continue to grow at about 6% per year...

乘飞机旅行的人数将以每年大约6%的速度持续增加。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Casualties had to be brought to hospital by air.

伤者不得不用飞机送往医院。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Jennifer regarded him with an air of amusement...

珍妮弗觉得他很风趣。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The meal gave the occasion an almost festive air.

这一餐使整个场合有了近乎节日般的喜庆氛围。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We're poor and we never put on airs.

我们贫穷但从不装腔作势。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Tonight PBS will air a documentary called 'Democracy In Action'.

今晚公共广播公司将播放一部名为《民主进行时》的纪录片。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

They sat for more than six hours, and both sides agreed they had aired all their differences...

他们一起坐了六个多小时，而且双方都认为他们已经表达了所有的不同意见。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The whole issue was thoroughly aired at the meeting.

在会上完全公开了整个问题。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

One day a week her mother systematically cleaned and aired each room.

她母亲按部就班地每周一次清扫所有的房间并开窗通风。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

When the shirts were clean, I ironed them myself, aired them and placed them in drawers in his room.

衬衫洗干净之后，我自己将它们熨好、烘干并放在他房间的抽屉里。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...an inquiry just to clear the air and settle the facts of the case.

一项只为消除疑团并弄清案件事实而进行的调查

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The old cliché of the customer being always right is what gives them airs and graces.

“顾客总是对的”这种陈词滥调让他们变得趾高气扬。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Draughts help to circulate air...

穿堂风有助于空气流通。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Keith opened the window and leaned out into the cold air.

基思打开窗户，探出身到冷风中。

柯林斯高阶英语词典