首页英语词典alcoholalcohol的意思

alcohol

英 ['ælkəhɒl] 美['ælkəhɔl]

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近义词liquor brew home the firewater intoxicant booze cup bottle

n. 酒精，乙醇

考研CET4TEM4IELTSCET6中频词核心词汇

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复数: alcohols;

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【爱个喝】爱个喝，喝啥？喝“酒精，乙醇；含酒精的饮料”呗
alcohol 酒精，酒——俺可爱喝

中文词源

alcohol 酒

来自阿拉伯语。al, 阿拉伯定冠词。-cohol, 同kohl, 眼影粉末，由矿物质提炼而来，喻指精华。转指酒，由谷物提炼的精华。

英英释意

1. a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent;: "alcohol (or drink) ruined him"

2. any of a series of volatile hydroxyl compounds that are made from hydrocarbons by distillation

英文词源

alcohol: alcohol: [16] Originally, alcohol was a powder, not a liquid. The word comes from Arabic alkuhul, literally ‘the kohl’ – that is, powdered antimony used as a cosmetic for darkening the eyelids. This was borrowed into English via French or medieval Latin, and retained this ‘powder’ meaning for some centuries (for instance, ‘They put between the eyelids and the eye a certain black powder made of a mineral brought from the kingdom of Fez, and called Alcohol’, George Sandys, Travels 1615).

But a change was rapidly taking place: from specifically ‘antimony’, alcohol came to mean any substance obtained by sublimation, and hence ‘quintessence’. Alcohol of wine was thus the ‘quintessence of wine’, produced by distillation or rectification, and by the middle of the 18th century alcohol was being used on its own for the intoxicating ingredient in strong liquor.

The more precise chemical definition (a compound with a hydroxyl group bound to a hydrocarbon group) developed in the 19th century.
=> kohl
alcohol (n.): 1540s (early 15c. as alcofol), "fine powder produced by sublimation," from Medieval Latin alcohol "powdered ore of antimony," from Arabic al-kuhul "kohl," the fine metallic powder used to darken the eyelids, from kahala "to stain, paint." The al- is the Arabic definite article, "the."

"Powdered cosmetic" was the earliest sense in English; definition broadened 1670s to "any sublimated substance, the pure spirit of anything," including liquids. Modern sense of "intoxicating ingredient in strong liquor" is first recorded 1753, short for alcohol of wine, which was extended to "the intoxicating element in fermented liquors." In organic chemistry, the word was extended 1850 to the class of compounds of the same type as this.

考试真题

Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco.

The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.

The practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.

Sugar, alcohol and tobacco, economist Adam Smith once wrote, are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation.

Alcohol and tobacco are drugs.

So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it's displayed?

The research references studies of people's behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods.

Among them: Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted（分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol

These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink

Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities.

Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?

There are already too many stores selling alcohol

Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.

What is the purpose of California's rule about alcohol display in gas stations

To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.

To get alcohol out of drivers' immediate sight

Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.

To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and coffee.

Their risky behaviors—drinking too much alcohol, using illegal drugs, smoking cigarettes and skipping school—can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.

The study's authors surveyed 12,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking, high media use and truancy ( ' , 逃学 ).

Many teenagers resort to drugs or alcohol for mental relief.

Many scientists disagree about what the differences are between the alcohol addict and social drinker.

Alcohol causes a loss of judgment and alertness

Another problem is that the victim often denies being an alcohol addict and won't get help.

Indians likewise had the traditional life taken from them by white settlers who often encourage them to consume alcohol to prevent them from fighting back

Why did white settlers introduce alcohol to Indians?

They do not admit being alcohol addicts

Also, drink plenty of liquids and avoid tobacco and alcohol.

Alcohol may increase the effect of a drug.

At the time, coca leaf extract mixed with wine was a common tonic (滋补品), and Pemberton's sweet brew was a way to get around local laws prohibiting the sale of alcohol.

Sleeping pills combine with alcohol to produce a sleepy feeling.

The study's authors surveyed 12, 395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking, high media use and truancy(逃学).

When taking any drug, you should ask your doctor whether drinking alcohol could be dangerous in combination with the medicine.

He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.

One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick.

She should make her bed, do her homework and drink no alcohol.

Travelers have traditionally fought this problem with sleeping pills or alcohol.

Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random -It doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight

实用场景例句

He never drinks alcohol.: 他从来不喝酒。

alcohol abuse: 酗酒

Wine contains about 10% alcohol.: 葡萄酒含有约10%的酒精。

levels of alcohol in the blood: 血液中酒精含量

He pleaded guilty to driving with excess alcohol.: 他对过量饮酒后驾车一事表示服罪。

low-alcohol beer: 酒精度低的啤酒

alcohol-free beer: 不含酒精的啤酒

Products for dry skin have little or no alcohol.: 用于干性皮肤的产品含酒精较少或不含酒精。

Do either of you smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol?...: 你们俩有人吸烟或喝酒吗？

No alcohol is allowed on the premises.: 场内禁止带酒。

...low-alcohol beer...: 低醇啤酒

He's had a drop too much of alcohol to drink.: 他多喝了一杯酒,醉了.

Sugar is added to the wine during fermentation to increase the alcohol level.: 发酵时在葡萄酒里加糖以提高酒精浓度.

His breath reeked of alcohol.: 他口中带有浓烈的酒臭气.

Is it legal for boys of that age to drink alcohol?: 这个年龄的男孩喝酒合法吗 ?

Many sufferers have been reclaimed from a dependence on alcohol.: 许多嗜酒成癖的受害者已经被挽救过来.

He drank a massive amount of alcohol.: 他喝了大量的烈酒.

Alcohol lessens resistance to diseases.: 含有酒精的饮料会减弱对疾病的抵抗力.

This spirit contains 50 per cent alcohol.: 这种酒50度.

The law forbids shops to sell alcohol to minors.: 法律禁止商店向未成年者出售含酒精的饮料.

According to the rules, no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.: 按照规定, 场内不准饮酒.

Too much alcohol is bad for the system.: 过量饮酒对身体有害.

The customs are looking for such things as drugs or alcohol.: 海关人员只查找毒品、酒类这样的东西.

Camphor dissolves in alcohol, but not in water.: 樟脑溶于酒精而不溶于水

The drug is not harmful per se, but is dangerous when taken with alcohol.: 这种药本身无害，但与酒同服就危险了。

a law prohibiting the sale of alcohol: 禁止售酒的法令

It is now accepted that men should limit themselves to 20 units of alcohol a week.: 现在人们已经接受，男性一周饮酒量不应超过20个单位。

A newspaper half jested: Had alcohol not already killed him, this would surely drive him to drink.: 一份报纸半开玩笑地写道：要不是喝酒已经要了他的命，这肯定会让他想要喝上一杯。

alcohol

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