base

• n. 基础；底部；垒
• adj. 卑鄙的；低劣的
• vt. 以…作基础
• n. (Base)人名；(日)马濑(姓)

1. 基础，来自希腊词bainein, 走，起步，台阶。词源同bat, 见acrobat, 高空走钢丝，杂技。 ven, 见advent, 来临。

2. 低，低级，来自拉丁词bassus, 低，底。词源同bass, 低音。abyss, 深渊。最终词源不详，可能同base, 基础，词义贬义。

1. any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water;

"bases include oxides and hydroxides of metals and ammonia"

2. installation from which a military force initiates operations;

"the attack wiped out our forward bases"

3. lowest support of a structure;

"it was built on a base of solid rock"

"he stood at the foot of the tower"

4. place that runner must touch before scoring;

"he scrambled to get back to the bag"

5. (numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place;

"10 is the radix of the decimal system"

6. the bottom or lowest part;

"the base of the mountain"

7. (anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment;

"the base of the skull"

8. a lower limit;

"the government established a wage floor"

9. the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained;

"the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture"

10. a support or foundation;

"the base of the lamp"

11. the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed;

"the base of the triangle"

12. the most important or necessary part of something;

"the basis of this drink is orange juice"

13. the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end

14. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed;

"thematic vowels are part of the stem"

15. the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area;

"the industrial base of Japan"

16. the principal ingredient of a mixture;

"glycerinated gelatin is used as a base for many ointments"

"he told the painter that he wanted a yellow base with just a hint of green"

"everything she cooked seemed to have rice as the base"

17. a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit;

"a tub should sit on its own base"

18. (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector

base

base: There are two distinct words base in English. Base meaning ‘lower part, foundation’ [14] came either via Old French base or was a direct anglicization of Latin basis (acquired by English in its unaltered form at around the same time). The Latin word in its turn came from Greek básis, which meant originally ‘step’ and came ultimately from the Indo-European base *gwm-, from which English gets come; the semantic progression involved was ‘going, stepping’ to ‘that on which one walks or stands’ to ‘pedestal’.

The derivative basement [18] is Italian in origin (Italian basamento means ‘base of a column’), but probably reached English via early modern Dutch basement ‘foundation’. Base meaning ‘low’ [14] comes via Old French bas from medieval Latin bassus ‘short, low’. The ultimate antecedents of this are uncertain, although some have suggested a connection with básson, the comparative form of Greek bathús ‘deep’.

The adjective bass is historically the same word as base, but since the 16th century has been distinguished from it by spelling.
=> basis; bass

base (n.)

"bottom, foundation, pedestal," early 14c., from Old French bas "depth" (12c.), from Latin basis "foundation," from Greek basis "step, pedestal," from bainein "to step" (see come). The military sense is from 1860. The chemical sense (1810) was introduced in French 1754 by French chemist Guillaume-François Rouelle (1703-1770). Sporting sense of "starting point" ia from 1690s, also "destination of a runner" (1812). As a "safe" spot in a tag-like game, suggested from mid-15c. (as the name of the game later called prisoner's base).

base (adj.)

late 14c., "low, of little height," from Old French bas "low, lowly, mean," from Late Latin bassus "thick, stumpy, low" (used only as a cognomen in classical Latin, humilis being there the usual word for "low in stature or position"), possibly from Oscan, or Celtic, or related to Greek basson, comparative of bathys "deep." Figurative sense of "low in the moral scale" is first attested 1530s in English, earlier "servile" (1520s). Base metals (c. 1600) were worthless in contrast to noble or precious metals.

base (v.)

"to place on a foundation," 1841, from base (n.). Related: Based; basing.

base, basis, foundation, ground

这些名词均含有"基础"之意。

base： 侧重指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。

basis： 主要用作抽象或引申意义。

foundation： 用于具体意义时，侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基；用作比喻意义时，与basis基本相同。

ground： 含义与basis和foundation接近。一般指某种决定、论点或关系的基础，也可指某种原因的基础。

But a new report by Deloitte, Global Human Capital Trends, based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

We thought we would see differences based on the housing types, said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travelrelated technologies than older onesWhen it comes to driverless cars, differences in attitude are more pronounced based on factors not related to age.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Soupios says that it is based on Plato's observation that the unexamined life is not worth living.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Soupios say following the 10 Golden Rules based on ancient wisdom can guide us to the path of the good life where we stop living as onlookers and become engaged and happier human beings.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Then students select adviser based on shared academic interests.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

In other departments, a new student is assigned a faculty adviser based on some system of distribution of the  departments advising load.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

And based on past experiences, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

That approach will eliminate most cord-cutting concerns—but what about their wireless equivalent, jamming? With the right device tuned to the right frequency, what's to stop a thief from jamming your setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?Jamming concerns are nothing new, and they're not unique to security systems.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Seventy percent of girls aged 10 to 18 report that they define perfect body image based on what they see in magazines.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

If they detect something wrong while the system is armed, they'll transmit a wireless alert signal to a base station that will then raise the alarm.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

The American side of the falls was shut off in 1969 to study the build-up of rock at the base of the falls.

2016年12月四级真题（第二套）听力

with the right device tuned to the right frequency, what's to stop a thief from jamming your setup and blocking that alert signal from ever reaching the base station?

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

Only about 50 students are invited based on their performance on written tests and at the USA Math Olympiad.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

Her 1919 work, Household Engineering: Scientific Management in the Home, was based on detailed observation of a housewife's daily routine.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Turkey and Iran have announced plans to build bases, too.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

The large base he leads resembles a snowed-in college campus on holiday break, with the capacity to sleep more than 10 times the 13 people who were staying on through the Antarctic winter.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

South Korea, which operates state-of-the-art bases here, is increasing its fishing of krill ( ' , 磷虾), found in abundance in the Southern Ocean, while Russia recently frustrated efforts to create one of the world's largest ocean sanctuaries here.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

South Korea opened its second Antarctic research base in 2014, describing it as a way to test robots developed by Korean researchers for use in extreme conditions.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Our modern workplaces also operate based on outdated time constraints.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

On a glacier-filled island with fjords ( ' , 峡湾) and elephant seals, Russia has built Antarctica's first Orthodox church on a hill overlooking its research base.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Not to be outdone, India's futuristic new Bharathi base, built on stills ( ' , 桩子) using 134 interlocking shipping containers, resembles a spaceship.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Ning Xu, 53, the chief of the Chinese base, said over tea during a fierce blizzard ( ' , 暴风雪) in late November.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Less than an hour away by snowmobile, Chinese labourers have updated the Great Wall Station, a vital part of China's plan to operate five bases on Antarctica, complete with an indoor badminton court and sleeping quarters for 150 people.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

If you make clinical predictions based on somebody's race, you're going to be wrong a good chunk of the time, Yudell told Live Science.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Colombia said this year that it planned to join other South American nations with bases in Antarctica.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

China's newly renovated Great Wall Station on King George Island makes the Russian and Chilean bases here seem outdated.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Brazil opened a research station in 1984, but it was largely destroyed by a fire that killed two members of the navy in 2012, the same year that a diesel-laden Brazilian barge sank near the base.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Bearded Russian priests offer regular services at the Orthodox church for the 16 or so Russian speakers who spend the winter at the base, largely polar scientists in fields like glaciology and meteorology.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

At least three Russian stations are already operating in Antarctica, part of its effort to challenge the dominance of the American GPS, and new stations are planned for sites like the Russian base, in the shadow of the Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

As if that were not enough, a Brazilian C-130 Hercules military transport plane has remained stranded near the runway of Chile's air base here since it crash-landed in 2014.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

117 With Russia's help, Belarus is preparing to build its first Antarctic base.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Its sheer rock sides sweep up from a broad base until they cut off abruptly at the flat summit.

出自-2016年12月听力原文

It is based on racial roots.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Inequality itself is not a particularly strong predictor of economic mobility, as sociologist Scott Winship noted in a recent article based on his analysis of this data.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

In the extreme, some critics have said that making treatment decisions based on cost is a form of rationing.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Based on my analyses of the data, of the factors that Chetty has highlighted, the following three seem to be most predictive of upward mobility in a given community:1.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

As such, the first writing was based on the way people talk,with short sentences.

出自-2014年6月阅读原文

In 2010,the Institution of Mechanical Engineers identified three principal emerging population groups across the world, based on characteristics associated with their current and projected stage of economic development.

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on a number of issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than looking at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an open mind.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the "payroll survey," that assesses 400000 businesses based on their reported payrolls.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

Its conclusion is not based on solid scientific evidence.

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand?

出自-2011年12月阅读原文

More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need.

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard

出自-2013年12月听力原文

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

出自-2011年6月听力原文

Based on answers to questions regarding their job hunting strategies and career decisions, he divided the students into two groups: maximizers, who consider every possible option, and satisficers, who look until they find an option that is good enough

出自-2011年6月听力原文

"We do weather monitoring here and other research."ning Xu, 53, the chief of the Chinese base, said over tea during a fierce blizzard (暴风雪) in late November.

2016年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

At the base of a mountain in Tanzania Gregory rift, Lake Natron burns bright red, surrounded by the remains of animals that were unfortunate enough to fall into the salty water.

2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

It was an increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

Maple Hill signs a contract pledging to buy the farmer's milk at a guaranteed base price, plus quality premiums and incentives for higher protein, butter fat and other solids.

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

Not to be outdone, India's futuristic new Bharathi base, built on stills using 134 interlocking shipping containers, resembles a spaceship.

2016年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

On a glacier-filled island with fjords and elephant seals, Russia has built Antarctica's first Orthodox church on a hill overlooking its research base.

2016年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

with Russia's help, Belarus is preparing to build its first Antarctic base.

2016年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.

2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with alternatives to the traditional work environments of the past.

2015年高考英语上海卷 选词填空 原文

At the base is a rainforest.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 完形填空 原文

Based upon their expressed thoughts and actual "musicking" behaviours, this text examines the songs they sing, the rhythms....

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities.

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 填空题 原文

Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.

2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.

2015年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Many western companies have tried to imitate such asian ways of doing things, which are based on general agreement.

2016年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文

Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

Robins are singing all night--as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models.

2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta.

2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit panda base, where ticket money helps pay for research.

2016年高考英语全国卷1 语法填空 原文

The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.

2015年高考英语福建卷 单项填空 原文

The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household.

2015年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.

2015年高考英语广东卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat "ice cream".

2018年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.

出自-2010年考研翻译原文

One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.

出自-2010年考研翻译原文

The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers.

出自-2010年考研阅读原文

In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

"Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn't base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions." Hampson said.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The other issue is that many children-especially older ones-may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in riverside, Calif.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

the base of a column/glass

柱基；玻璃杯底座

牛津词典

a pain at the base of the spine

脊柱末端的疼痛

牛津词典

The lamp has a heavy base.

这盏灯的底座很沉。

牛津词典

She used her family's history as a base for her novel.

她以她的家族史作为小说的素材。

牛津词典

His arguments have a sound economic base.

他的论点有充分的经济上的根据。

牛津词典

These policies have a broad base of support.

这些政策受到广泛支持。

牛津词典

Being there gave me a chance to touch base with three friends whom I had not seen for a year.

在那里，让我有机会和一年没见面的三个朋友取得了联系。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He has managed to touch all the bases necessary, and trade goes on...

他想方设法把所有必要的事情都处理妥当，生意也维持了下来。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The boss covers all bases when he sets up a job.

老板设立一个工作岗位时，需要方方面面都考虑到。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Am I wrong? Am I way off base? Because I want you to set me straight if you think I'm wrong.

我错了吗？我大错特错了吗？因为如果我不对的话，我希望你能纠正我的错误。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Love has the power to overcome the baser emotions.

爱能够战胜邪念。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Oils may be mixed with a base oil and massaged into the skin.

将油和基础油混合，按摩直至皮肤吸收。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Drain off any excess marinade and use it as a base for a pouring sauce...

先滗出多余的卤汁，把它当作浇汁的主料。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Los Angeles was still my financial base. I was still doing business there.

洛杉矶仍然是我的财务中心。我还在那里做生意。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The two hotel-restaurants are attractive bases from which to explore southeast Tuscany...

对于去托斯卡纳东南部探险的人们来说，这两家酒店是很有吸引力的驻扎地。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Spoon the mixture on to the biscuit base and cook in a preheated oven...

把混合好的糊糊舀到饼干坯上，然后放入已预热的烤箱烘烤。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

On many modern wooden boats, epoxy coatings will have been used as a base for varnishing.

很多现代的木船将采用环氧涂层作底漆。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The post will give him a powerful political base from which to challenge the Kremlin...

这个职位将给他提供一个强有力的政治基点来挑战克里姆林宫。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The family base was crucial to my development.

家庭基础对我的发展至关重要。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.

他根据被俘囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The company has been expanding its customer base using trade magazine advertising.

公司一直通过在商业杂志上刊登广告扩展客户群。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Gunfire was heard at an army base close to the airport.

机场附近的军事基地传出了炮火声。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a massive air base in eastern Saudi Arabia.

沙特阿拉伯东部的一个大型空军基地

柯林斯高阶英语词典

For most of the spring and early summer her base was her home in Scotland.

春天和初夏的大部分时间，她都是在苏格兰的家里度过的。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Remove from the heat and plunge the base of the pan into a bowl of very cold water.

先把锅从炉子上拿开，然后把锅底浸入一盆冷水中。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The mattress is best on a solid bed base...

这种床垫最好放在结实的床板上。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The clock stands on an oval marble base, enclosed by a glass dome.

钟放在椭圆形的大理石基座上，外罩玻璃罩。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There was a cycle path running along this side of the wall, right at its base...

在墙的这边，沿着墙根有一条自行车道。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Line the base and sides of a 20cm deep round cake tin with paper.

把一个20厘米深的圆形糕饼盒的底部和四周都垫上纸。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The surgeon placed catheters through the veins and arteries near the base of the head.

外科医生在脑根部的静脉和动脉中放置了导管。

柯林斯高阶英语词典