bat

• n. 蝙蝠；球棒；球拍；批处理文件的扩展名
• vt. 用球棒击球；击球率达…
• vi. 轮到击球；用球棒击球
• n. (Bat)人名；(蒙、英)巴特

1.棍子，词源同beat, 击，打。

2.蝙蝠，词源不详，可能来自拟声词，模仿蝙蝠扇动翅膀的声音。

1. nocturnal mouselike mammal with forelimbs modified to form membranous wings and anatomical adaptations for echolocation by which they navigate

2. (baseball) a turn batting;

"he was at bat when it happened"

"he got 4 hits in 4 at-bats"

3. a small racket with a long handle used for playing squash

4. a bat used in playing cricket

5. a club used for hitting a ball in various games

bat

bat: Bat as in ‘cricket bat’ [OE] and bat the animal [16] come from entirely different sources. Bat the wooden implement first appears in late Old English as batt ‘cudgel’, but it is not clear where it ultimately came from. Some have postulated a Celtic source, citing Gaulish andabata ‘gladiator’, which may be related to English battle and Russian bat ‘cudgel’, but whatever the word’s origins, it seems likely that at some point it was influenced by Old French batte, from battre ‘beat’.

The flying bat is an alteration of Middle English backe, which was borrowed from a Scandinavian language. The word is represented in Old Swedish natbakka ‘night bat’, and appears to be an alteration of an earlier -blaka, as in Old Norse lethrblaka, literally ‘leatherflapper’. If this is so, bat would mean etymologically ‘flapper’, which would be of a piece with other names for the animal, particularly German fledermaus ‘fluttermouse’ and English flittermouse, which remained a dialectal word for ‘bat’ into the 20th century.

It is unusual for the name of such a common animal not to go right back to Old English; in this case the Old English word was hrēremūs, which survived dialectally into the 20th century as rearmouse.
=> battle

bat (n.1)

"a stick, a club," Old English *batt "cudgel," perhaps from Celtic (compare Irish and Gaelic bat, bata "staff, cudgel"), influenced by Old French batte, from Late Latin battre "beat;" all from PIE root *bhat- "to strike." Also "a lump, piece" (mid-14c.), as in brickbat. As a kind of paddle used to play cricket, it is attested from 1706.

Phrase right off the bat is 1888, also hot from the bat (1888), probably a baseball metaphor, but cricket is possible as a source; there is an early citation from Australia (in an article about slang): "Well, it is a vice you'd better get rid of then. Refined conversation is a mark of culture. Let me hear that kid use slang again, and I'll give it to him right off the bat. I'll wipe up the floor with him. I'll ---" ["The Australian Journal," November 1888].

bat (n.2)

flying mammal (order Chiroptera), 1570s, a dialectal alteration of Middle English bakke (early 14c.), which is probably related to Old Swedish natbakka, Old Danish nathbakkæ "night bat," and Old Norse leðrblaka "leather flapper" (for connections outside Germanic, see flagellum). If so, the original sense of the animal name likely was "flapper." The shift from -k- to -t- may have come through confusion of bakke with Latin blatta "moth, nocturnal insect."

Old English word for the animal was hreremus, from hreran "to shake" (see rare (adj.2)), and rattle-mouse is attested from late 16c., an old dialectal word for "bat." Flitter-mouse (1540s) is occasionally used in English (variants flinder-mouse, flicker-mouse) in imitation of German fledermaus "bat," from Old High German fledaron "to flutter."

As a contemptuous term for an old woman, perhaps a suggestion of witchcraft (compare fly-by-night), or from bat as "prostitute who plies her trade by night" [Farmer, who calls it "old slang" and finds French equivalent "night swallow" (hirondelle de nuit) "more poetic"].

bat (v.1)

"to move the eyelids," 1847, American English, from earlier sense of "flutter as a hawk" (1610s), a variant of bate (v.2) on the notion of fluttering wings. Related: Batted; batting.

bat (v.2)

"to hit with a bat," mid-15c., from bat (n.1). Related: Batted; batting.

The girls on the wesleyan academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, eighth-grader Taylor bisbee shivered a little as she watched her teammate Paris white play.

2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

a baseball/cricket bat

棒球球棒；板球球板

牛津词典

He bats very well.

他擅长击球。

牛津词典

Who's batting first for the Orioles?

谁代表金莺队第一个出场击球？

牛津词典

She didn't bat an eyelid when I told her my news.

我把我最近的事告诉她时，她一点也不为所动。

牛津词典

It's just an idea we've been batting around.

这只不过是我们一直在讨论的一种想法。

牛津词典

...a baseball bat.

棒球球棒

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Australia, put in to bat, made a cautious start.

轮到澳大利亚队出场击球，他们开始打得很谨慎。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The old judge doesn't like the thought of no one going in to bat for the accused.

老法官不希望没有人为被告辩护。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He took off for Helsinki like a bat out of hell.

他飞快赶往赫尔辛基。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Whatever she did she did off her own bat. Whatever she did was nothing to do with me.

她所做的一切都是她自己主动要做的。她做的任何事都与我无关。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He learned right off the bat that you can't count on anything in this business.

他立刻明白在这一行业中不能依靠任何东西。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The boy traded his knife for a baseball bat.

那个男孩用一把小刀换了一个棒球棍.

辞典例句

The thugs beat him senseless with a baseball bat.

暴徒用棒球棒把他打得失去了知觉.

《简明英汉词典》

This country was able to win the war off its own bat.

这个国家能依靠自己的力量打赢这场战争.

《简明英汉词典》

He will the first one to bat at the top of the inning.

他将是上半局比赛中第一个击球的棒球手.

期刊摘选

Mr Zephyr didn't bat an eye.

西风先生一点也不感到惊奇.

辞典例句

And then my wife went upstairs and discovered the bat.

接著我老婆走上楼时,就发现了那只蝙蝠.

期刊摘选

She made the suggestions off her own bat , ie without being asked for them.

她提这些建议完全是她自己的意思.

辞典例句

Bat the tattoo made him a famous man in his village.

但是,他身上所刺的花使他变成了全村的名人.

教父部分

Gail didn't bat an eyelid when Mark told her that he had crashed the car.

马克对盖尔说他把汽车撞坏了,她听了竟一点反应也没有.

期刊摘选

A swindler fears the truth; the bat dreads the sun.

骗子害怕真理, 蝙蝠怕见太阳.

期刊摘选

The bat met the ball squarely.

球棒正好打中棒球.

期刊摘选

He won't go to bat for me either.

他也不会支持我的.

辞典例句

The boy traded his knife for a cricket bat.

那男孩用他的刀子换了一个板球棒.

《现代汉英综合大词典》

Ther other boys coveted his new bat.

其他的男孩都想得到他的新球棒.

《简明英汉词典》