black

• adj. 黑色的；黑人的；邪恶的
• n. 黑色；黑人；黑颜料
• vt. 使变黑；把鞋油等涂在…上；把（眼眶）打成青肿
• vi. 变黑
• n. (Black)人名；(英、西)布莱克；(德、葡、捷)布拉克

来自PIE * bhel, 燃烧，发光。词源同blank, blue. 在古英语里black是一个词义不明确的词，既指黑的，也指白的，或其它颜色。

1. the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

2. total absence of light;

"they fumbled around in total darkness"

"in the black of night"

3. (board games) the darker pieces

4. black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning);

"the widow wore black"

black

black: [OE] The usual Old English word for ‘black’ was sweart (source of modern English swart and swarthy, and related to German schwarz ‘black’), but black already existed (Old English blæc), and since the Middle English period it has replaced swart. Related but now extinct forms existed in other Germanic languages (including Old Norse blakkr ‘dark’ and Old Saxon blac ‘ink’), but the word’s ultimate source is not clear. Some have compared it with Latin flagrāre and Greek phlégein, both meaning ‘burn’, which go back to an Indo-European base *phleg-, a variant of *bhleg-.

black (adj.)

Old English blæc "dark," from Proto-Germanic *blakaz "burned" (cognates: Old Norse blakkr "dark," Old High German blah "black," Swedish bläck "ink," Dutch blaken "to burn"), from PIE *bhleg- "to burn, gleam, shine, flash" (cognates: Greek phlegein "to burn, scorch," Latin flagrare "to blaze, glow, burn"), from root *bhel- (1) "to shine, flash, burn;" see bleach (v.).

The same root produced Old English blac "bright, shining, glittering, pale;" the connecting notions being, perhaps, "fire" (bright) and "burned" (dark). The usual Old English word for "black" was sweart (see swart). According to OED: "In ME. it is often doubtful whether blac, blak, blake, means 'black, dark,' or 'pale, colourless, wan, livid.' " Used of dark-skinned people in Old English.

Of coffee, first attested 1796. Meaning "fierce, terrible, wicked" is late 14c. The color of sin and sorrow since at least c. 1300; sense of "with dark purposes, malignant" emerged 1580s (as in black magic). Black face in reference to a performance style originated in U.S., is from 1868. Black flag, flown (especially by pirates) as a signal of "no mercy," from 1590s. Black dog "melancholy" attested from 1826. Black belt is from 1875 in reference to districts of the U.S. South with heaviest African population; 1870 with reference to fertility of soil; 1913 in judo sense. Black power is from 1966, associated with Stokely Carmichael.

black (v.)

c. 1200, "to become black;" early 14c., "to make black, darken;" from black (adj.). Related: Blacked; blacking.

black (n.)

Old English blæc "the color black," also "ink," from noun use of black (adj.). From late 14c. as "dark spot in the pupil of the eye." The meaning "black person, African" is from 1620s (perhaps late 13c., and blackamoor is from 1540s). To be in the black (1922) is from the accounting practice of recording credits and balances in black ink.

For years it has been a common practice to use red ink instead of black in showing a loss or deficit on corporate books, but not until the heavy losses of 1921 did the contrast in colors come to have a widely understood meaning. ["Saturday Evening Post," July 22, 1922]

dark, dim, black, gloomy, obscure, vague, grey

这些形容词都含有"完全地或不完全地缺少光亮"之意。

dark： 最普通用词，指缺乏自然光线或人工照明，使某物漆黑无光或光线十分微弱。

dim： 指光线不足或视力较差，不能清晰地看见物体。

black： 侧重颜色是黑色的，有时也指无光的黑暗。

gloomy： 指光线不足或部分光线受阻而出现的阴暗。

obscure： 指因光线不充足而使物体灰暗不清，失去光泽或若隐若现。作借喻时指因复杂、深奥或含糊而难于理解。

vague： 通常作借喻用，形容抽象事物。

grey与dark意思相近，但侧重阴暗单调的意味。

Azar reached beneath the counter for a black plastic bag.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

A New Jersey black bear that walks upright on its two back legs and has become a social media darling has re- emerged and has been captured on video months after its last sighting.

2017年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars,although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

I'm currently sitting alone at the table outside the Black Cat Cafe, listening to the rain and watching people passing by.

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls, says Chasin, explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it.

2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

That's due in part to the removal of many of the capital's old-fashioned black and white taxis.

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child's education.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

But efforts are in place to expose more black, Hispanic, and low-income students to advanced math, in the hope that the demographic pool of high-level contenders will eventually begin to shift and become less exclusive.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

A New York City-based nonprofit called Bridge to Enter Mathematics runs a residential summer program aimed at getting underserved students, mostly black and Hispanic, working toward math and science careers.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

Mr.Ishiguro, have you ever found one of your books at a secondhand bookstore? According to a study of race and equity in education, black athletes are dropping out of college across the country at alarming rates.

出自-2017年6月听力原文

Good morning! America’s holiday shopping season starts on Black Friday, the day after Thanksgiving.

出自-2017年6月听力原文

a basis for explaining human genetic diversityan aid to understanding different populationsan explanation for social and cultural differencesa term to describe individual human characteristicsmodern genetics research is likely to fuel racial conflictsrace is a poorly defined marker of human genetic diversityrace as a biological term can explain human genetic diversitygenetics research should consider social and cultural variablesit is absolutely necessary to put race aside in making diagnosisit is important to include social variables in genetics researchracial categories for genetic diversity could lead to wrong clinical predictionsdiscrimination against black people may cause negligence in clinical treatmentThey be more precise with the language they use.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

He spoke out against the idea of white and black as distinct groups, claiming that these distinctions ignored the scope of human diversity.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

To one group, he was identified as African-American, and another was told he was Black .

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

The Black group, on the other hand, put his salary at about ＄29,000, and guessed that he had only some college experience.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Howard, a well-regarded historically black college, had an array of resources for its first-generation students, including matching kids with counselors, connecting first-generation students to one another, and TRIO, a national program that supported 200 students on Howard's campus.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

By the late 1960s, that term was overtaken by Black.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

But if it was known that Black people were viewed differently from African Americans, researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Black people's socioeconomic status in America remains low.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

As a result, Black people are thought of a less competent and as having colder personalities.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that Black people are viewed more negatively than African Americans because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers or the National Black Employees Association, the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term Black carried connotations ( ' , 涵义 ) that were more negative than those of African American.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term " Black " carried connotations 涵 义 that were more negative than those of " African American. "

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black Employees Association," the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' con

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

A New York city-based nonprofit called Bridge to Enter Mathematics runs a residential summer program aimed at getting underserved students, mostly black and hispanic, working toward math and science careers.

2017年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that " Black " people are viewed more negatively than " African Americans " because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status.

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

According to a study of race and equity in education, black athletes are dropping out of college across the country at alarming rates.

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

As a result, " Black " people are thought of a less competent and as having colder personalities.

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

By the late 1960s, that term was overtaken by "Black".

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

Compared with other groups, I think the numbers in this group, at those 65 schools, are something like just barely more than half of the black male athletes graduate at all.

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

Each day of Kwanzaa, usually before the evening meal, family and friends gather around the table and someone lights a candle, beginning with the black.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Howard, a well-regarded historically black college, had an array of resources for its first-generation students, including matching kids with counselors,connecting first-generation students to one another, and TriO, a national program that supported 200 s

2015年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

In preparation for the celebration, a straw mat is placed on the table, along with a candle holder with seven candles, one black, three red, and three green.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

It's the fastest-ever recovery of a mammal, joining peers like the Louisiana black bear as glowing successes in the history of the Endangered Species Act.

2018年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

Many American people have seen Amish families with the men wearing broad-brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses, in railway or bus terminals.

2016年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

Overall, the study found half the films and TV shows had no Asian speaking characters and more than one-fifth of them had no black characters with dialogue.

2017年12月六级真题（第二套）听力  Section B 

So if you are a student who always reviews over black coffee, perhaps it would be sensible to prime yourself with a cup before the exam.

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

That costume is often referred to as the most famous little black dress of all time.

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

The " Black " group, on the other hand, put his salary at about ＄ 29, 000, and guessed that he had only " some " college experience.

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

The black candle represents the African-American people, the red is for their struggles, and the green represents their hopes for the future.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

The black slaves from Guinea and Angola have demanded to be well treated, threatening to refuse to have children.

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

Then there was the black tea and oolong tea diet, followed by the soybean diet and the tomato juice diet.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

To one group, he was identified as "African- American," and another was told he was "Black."

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he was to become the first black president of the united states of America.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 单项填空 原文

His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time.

2016年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Soon after, I was on my way to the show, carrying a fancy black handbag and a happy smile.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（10月） 语法填空 原文

The screen went black last night.

2015年高考英语北京卷 听力 原文

When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

When he handed the medicine to the next musher, shannon‘s face was black from the extreme cold.

2016年高考英语北京卷 完形填空 原文

The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret.

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

The family’s increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman."

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors.

出自-2018年考研阅读原文

Two black coffees, please.

请来两杯不加牛奶的咖啡。

牛津词典

a shiny black car

发亮的黑汽车

牛津词典

black storm clouds

带来暴风雨的乌云

牛津词典

a black night

漆黑的夜晚

牛津词典

a black woman writer

一位黑人女作家

牛津词典

black culture

黑人文化

牛津词典

Remington's operations in Japan are now in the black...

雷明顿在日本的业务现在有盈利。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Until his finances are in the black I don't want to get married.

在他有银行存款之前，我不想和他结婚。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Passing my stall, she cast black looks at the amount of stuff still unsold.

她经过我的货摊的时候，怒气冲冲地看了几眼还没有卖出去的东西。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Whenever she refused, he'd beat her black and blue...

只要她拒绝他，他就会把她打得青一块紫一块。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Bud's nose was still black and blue.

巴德的鼻子还是青一块紫一块的。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It was, he said later, one of the blackest days of his political career...

后来他说，这是他政治生涯中最黑暗的日子之一。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The future for the industry looks even blacker.

这个产业的前景看起来更加暗淡。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

In late 1975, she fell into a black depression...

在1975年底，她陷入了情绪的低谷。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Her mood was blacker than ever.

她的心情从未如此低落过。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I think their crime is a blacker one than mere exploitation.

我想他们的罪行比单纯的剥削更残忍。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...the blackest laws in the country's history.

这个国家历史上最严酷的法律

柯林斯高阶英语词典

'So you can all go over there and get shot,' he said, with the sort of black humour common among British troops here...

“所以你们都可以到那里去挨枪子儿，”他说道，口吻中透着这里英国部队惯用的黑色幽默。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It's a black comedy of racial prejudice, mistaken identity and thwarted expectations.

这是一个关于种族歧视、身份错位和期望落空的黑色喜剧。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He was also alleged to have conducted black magic ceremonies...

据称他还做了法。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The King was unjustly accused of practising the black arts.

国王被诬陷施行妖术。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Her husband blacked her eye...

她丈夫把她的眼睛打青了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Their mother was trying to hide her two blacked eyes.

他们的母亲想遮住自己被打青的双眼。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I drink coffee black.

我喝咖啡不加奶。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He had thick black hair...

他的头发乌黑浓密。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He worked for the rights of black people...

他为争取黑人权利而工作。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Sherry is black, tall, slender and soft-spoken.

谢里是个黑人，身材高挑，细声细语。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There are about thirty-one million blacks in the US.

美国大约有3,100万黑人。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

A cup of black tea or black coffee contains no calories...

一杯不加牛奶的茶或咖啡不含热量。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She was wearing a black coat with a white collar...

她穿着一件白领黑外套。

柯林斯高阶英语词典