首页英语词典burnburn的意思

burn

英 [bɜːn] 美[bɝn]

英英释义词组搭配考试真题实用场景例句

近义词blaze flame fire

vt. 燃烧；烧毁，灼伤；激起…的愤怒
vi. 燃烧；烧毁；发热
n. 灼伤，烧伤；烙印
n. (Burn)人名；(英)伯恩

CET4TEM4考研CET6中高频词基本词汇

词态变化

复数: burns;第三人称单数: burns;过去式: burned; burnt;过去分词: burned; burnt;现在分词: burning;

中文词源

burn 燃烧

来自PIE *bher, 燃烧，发光，加热。词源同brew.

英英释意

1. pain that feels hot as if it were on fire

2. a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun

3. an injury cause by exposure to heat or chemicals or radiation

4. a burned place or area

5. damage inflicted by burning

英文词源

burn: burn: [OE] English has two separate words burn. The commoner, relating to ‘fire’, is actually a conflation of two Old English verbs: birnan, which was intransitive, and bærnan, which was transitive. Both come ultimately from the Germanic base *bren-, *bran-, which also produced brand and possibly broil, and was the source of German brennen and Swedish brinna ‘burn’ (another variant of the base, *brun-, lies behind the brim- of brimstone).

It has been conjectured that Latin fervēre ‘boil’ (source of English fervent and ferment) may be connected. Burn ‘stream’ comes from Old English burn(e), burna, which was a descendant of a Germanic base *brun-, source also of German brunne ‘stream’. This too has been linked with Latin fervēre (from the notion of fast-running water ‘boiling’ over rocks).
=> brand, brimstone, broil, ferment, fervent
burn (v.): 12c., combination of Old Norse brenna "to burn, light," and two originally distinct Old English verbs: bærnan "to kindle" (transitive) and beornan "to be on fire" (intransitive), all from Proto-Germanic *brennan/*brannjan (cognates: Middle Dutch bernen, Dutch branden, Old High German brinnan, German brennen, Gothic -brannjan "to set on fire"). This perhaps is from PIE *gwher- "to heat, warm" (see warm (adj.)), or from PIE *bhre-n-u, from root *bhreue- "to boil forth, well up" (see brew (v.)). Related: Burned/burnt (see -ed); burning.

Figuratively (of passions, battle, etc.) in Old English. Meaning "cheat, swindle, victimize" is first attested 1650s. In late 18c, slang, burned meant "infected with venereal disease." To burn one's bridges (behind one) "behave so as to destroy any chance of returning to a status quo" (attested by 1892 in Mark Twain), perhaps ultimately is from reckless cavalry raids in the American Civil War. Slavic languages have historically used different and unrelated words for the transitive and intransitive senses of "set fire to"/"be on fire:" for example Polish palić/gorzeć, Russian žeč'/gorel.
burn (n.): c. 1300, "act of burning," from Old English bryne, from the same source as burn (v.). Until mid-16c. the usual spelling was brenne. Meaning "mark made by burning" is from 1520s. Slow burn first attested 1938, in reference to U.S. movie actor Edgar Kennedy (1890-1948), who made it his specialty.

考试真题

One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead.

Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters

Coal prices also are low, owing to over-supply and the scaling-down of demand, especially from China, which burns half of the world's coal.

But, Kapur notes, none of us like to fail, no matter how often Silicon Valley entrepreneurs praise the beneficial effects of an idea that fails or a start-up company that crashes and burns.

Yet until recently the worst forecasts were almost exclusively linked to direct human activity, such as clear-cutting and burning for pastures or farms.

Each burning season in the Amazon, fires deliberately set by frontier settlers and developers hurl up almost half a billion metric tons of carbon a year, placing Brazil among the top five contributors to greenhouse gases in the world

Its practice of burning forests for settlement and development.

The water is so corrosive that it can burn the skin and eyes of unadapted animals.

After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

Cover the things that burn easily.

If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

One thing is for certain—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His efforts most likely saved the woman's life.

They all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy, but not enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water.

You freeze in horrors and burn with shame.

This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is an advantage in not being too terrifically bright.

词组搭配

burn out

To stop burning from lack of fuel.

烧尽，烧光：因缺乏燃料而停止燃烧

To wear out or make or become inoperative as a result of heat or friction

烧坏：因为热或摩擦而耗尽或变得不能工作

The short circuit burned out the fuse.
短路烧坏了导线

To cause (a property owner or a resident) to have to evacuate the premises because of fire

烧掉…的家，烧火把…赶出：因为火灾而使得（财产所有者或居民）不得不疏散财产或从地产中撤离

The shopkeeper was burned out by arsonists.
店主被纵火犯逐出商店

To make or become exhausted, especially as a result of long-term stress

使疲惫不堪：使变得或变得精疲力尽，尤指因长期地压迫

“Hours are long, stress is high, and many recruits drop out or burn out”(&b{Robert J. Samuelson})
“时间长，压力大，许多新会员已弃权或疲倦不堪”(&b{罗伯特J.塞缪尔森})

burn up

To make angry

使生气，使发怒

Their rudeness really burns me up.
他们的无礼真的让我生气

To travel over or through at high speed

飞驰，飞奔：以高速跨越或穿过

drag racers burning up the track.
正在跑道上飞驰的高速赛车

be burned at the stake

(historical)be executed by being tied to a stake and being publicly burned alive, typically for alleged heresy or witchcraft

(史)施火刑

burn one's boats (或 bridges)

do something which makes it impossible to return to an earlier state

破釜沉舟

burn the candle at both ends

go to bed late and get up early

晚睡早起；超负荷工作

burn (北美亦作lay) rubber

(informal)drive very quickly

(非正式)飞速驾车

go for the burn

(informal)push one's body to the extremes when doing physical exercise

(非正式)（运动时躯体）伸展到极限

a slow burn

(informal)a state of slowly mounting anger or annoyance

(非正式)怒火慢慢腾起

the medical community's shrugging acceptance is fuelling a slow burn among women.
医疗界接纳女性时的勉强态度逐渐引起了她们的愤怒。

with money burning in a hole of one's pocket

having a strong urge to spend money as soon as one receives it

有钱就想花；大手大脚

burn something down (或 burn down)

(of a building or structure) destroy or be destroyed completely by fire

（建筑物）（被）焚为平地，烧得精光

burn something in/into

brand or imprint by burning

打烙印

designs are burnt into the skin.
把图案烙进皮肤。
a childhood incident that was burnt into her memory.
深深印在她记忆中的一件童年往事。

burn something off

remove a substance using heat

烧掉某物

using a blowlamp to burn off the paint.
用喷灯把油漆烧掉。

burn oneself out

ruin one's health or become completely exhausted through overwork

积劳成疾；（超时工作而）把身体搞坏

burn someone out

make someone homeless by destroying their home by fire

（用火烧毁某人的房屋）使某人无家可归

Catholics and Protestants were &B{burned out} of their homes.
天主教徒和新教徒家被烧了，已都无家可归。

实用场景例句

A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.: 壁炉里燃烧着暖融融的炉火。

Fires were burning all over the city.: 全城处处燃烧着大火。

By nightfall the whole city was burning.: 到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。

Two children were rescued from the burning car.: 两名儿童从燃烧着的车中被救了出来。

The smell of burning rubber filled the air.: 空气中弥漫着橡胶燃烧的气味。

to burn waste paper/dead leaves: 焚烧废纸 / 枯树叶

You can use this software to burn custom compilations of your favorite tunes.: 你可以用这个软件来刻录你最喜欢的乐曲。

They always took chances and got burned very badly in past years.: 他们总是冒险，在过去的几年里损失惨重。

His face was burning with cold.: 他的脸被冻得发痛。

My eyes burn from staring at the needle...: 我的眼睛由于长时间盯着针看而疼痛。

Summer sun can burn fair skin in minutes.: 夏天的太阳几分钟就能把白皙的皮肤晒黑。

Build up your tan slowly and don't allow your skin to burn...: 慢慢地将皮肤晒成古铜色，小心别让太阳把皮肤晒伤。

Dan burned to know what the reason could be.: 丹急于想知道原因。

The young boy was burning with a fierce ambition...: 这个年轻人怀有极其远大的抱负。

Liz's face was burning.: 利兹的脸红得发烫。

At least 80 people were burnt to death when their bus caught fire.: 大客车着火导致至少80人被烧死。

The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-story window.: 整座大楼一片漆黑，只有3层的一个窗户透出一丝光亮。

The building housed 1,500 refugees and it burned for hours...: 这幢住有1,500名难民的大楼燃烧了好几个小时。

Protesters set cars on fire and burned a building...: 抗议者焚烧汽车，并烧毁了一座建筑。

Incineration plants should be built to burn household waste...: 应该建立焚烧厂以焚毁日常生活垃圾。

The power stations burn coal from the Ruhr region...: 发电站烧的煤产自鲁尔地区。

Manufacturers are working with new fuels to find one that burns more cleanly than petrol.: 制造商们正在研制新型燃料，以找到一种比汽油更清洁的燃料。

I burnt the toast...: 我把面包烤糊了。

Watch them carefully as they finish cooking because they can burn easily.: 就要做好时得小心看着，因为它们很容易烧糊。

Take care not to burn your fingers...: 注意别烧着手指头。

If you are badly burnt, seek medical attention.: 如果是严重烧伤，就得去看医生。

Women were burned as witches in the middle ages...: 妇女在中世纪时被当成女巫烧死。

Fires were burning out of control in the center of the city...: 市中心的火势失去了控制。

There was a fire burning in the large fireplace...: 大壁炉里火势正旺。

When I arrived one of the vehicles was still burning.: 当我到达时，其中一辆车还在燃烧。