首页英语词典capitalcapital的意思

capital

英 ['kæpɪt(ə)l] 美['kæpɪtl]

英英释义同义词辨析词组搭配考试真题实用场景例句

近义词chief leading important top

反义词

n. 首都，省会；资金；大写字母；资本家
adj. 首都的；重要的；大写的
n. (Capital)人名；(法)卡皮塔尔

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6高频词基本词汇

词态变化

复数: capitals;

中文词源

capital 首都，资本

来自词根cap, 头，词义外延不断扩大。

英英释意

1. assets available for use in the production of further assets

2. wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value

3. a seat of government

4. one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis;: "printers once kept the type for capitals and for small letters in separate cases; capitals were kept in the upper half of the type case and so became known as upper-case letters"

5. the upper part of a column that supports the entablature

英文词源

capital: capital: [13] Etymologically, capital is something that is at the top or ‘head’; it comes from Latin caput ‘head’. The various current English uses of the word reached us, however, by differing routes. The first to come was the adjective, which originally meant simply ‘of the head’ (Milton in Paradise lost wrote of the Serpent’s ‘capital bruise’, meaning the bruise to its head); this came via Old French capital from Latin capitālis, a derivative of caput.

The other senses of the adjective have derived from this: ‘capital punishment’, for instance, comes from the notion of a crime which, figuratively speaking, affects the head, or life. Its use as a noun dates from the 17th century: the immediate source of the financial sense is Italian capitale. The architectural capital ‘top of a column’ (as in ‘Corinthian capitals’) also comes from Latin caput, but in this case the intermediate form was the diminutive capitellum ‘little head’, which reached English in the 14th century via Old French capitel.
=> cattle, chapter, head
capital (adj.): early 13c., "of or pertaining to the head," from Old French capital, from Latin capitalis "of the head," hence "capital, chief, first," from caput (genitive capitis) "head" (see capitulum). Meaning "main, principal, chief, dominant, most important" is from early 15c. in English. Capital letter for an upper case one is attested from late 14c. The modern informal sense of "excellent, first-rate" is dated from 1762 in OED (as an exclamation of approval, OED's first example is 1875), perhaps from earlier use of the word in reference to ships, "first-rate, powerful enough to be in the line of battle," attested from 1650s, fallen into disuse after 1918.

A capital crime (1520s) is one that affects the life or "head;" capital had a sense of "deadly, mortal" from late 14c. in English, a sense also found in Latin. The felt connection between "head" and "life, mortality" also existed in Old English: as in heafodgilt "deadly sin, capital offense," heafdes þolian "to forfeit life." Capital punishment was in Blackstone (1765) and classical Latin capitis poena. Capital gain is recorded from 1921. Capital goods is recorded from 1899. Related: Capitally.
capital (n.1): early 15c., "a capital letter," from capital (adj.). The meaning "capital city" is first recorded 1660s (the Old English word was heafodstol). The financial sense is from 1610s (Middle English had chief money "principal fund," mid-14c.), from Medieval Latin capitale "stock, property," noun use of neuter of capitalis "capital, chief, first." (The noun use of this adjective in classical Latin was for "a capital crime.")
[The term capital] made its first appearance in medieval Latin as an adjective capitalis (from caput, head) modifying the word pars, to designate the principal sum of a money loan. The principal part of a loan was contrasted with the "usury"--later called interest--the payment made to the lender in addition to the return of the sum lent. This usage, unknown to classical Latin, had become common by the thirteenth century and possibly had begun as early as 1100 A.D., in the first chartered towns of Europe. [Frank A. Fetter, "Reformulation of the Concepts of Capital and Income in Economics and Accounting," 1937, in "Capital, Interest, & Rent," 1977]
Also see cattle, and compare sense development of fee, pecuniary.
capital (n.2): "head of a column or pillar," late 13c., from Anglo-French capitel, Old French chapitel, or directly from Latin capitellum "little head," diminutive of caput (see capitulum).

同义词辨析

chief, principal, main, major, leading, capital, foremost, primary

这些形容词均含有"首要的，主要的"之意。

chief：指人时，表同类中职位最高，权力最大；指物时，表同类中最重要，价值最高。

principal：用于人时，指地位优于其他人；用于物时，指该物在大小、重要性等方面优于他物。

main：通常只用于物。指在一定范围内，某物的重要性、体积或力量等超过其它物。

major：指同其他人或其它物、问题等相比较，显得更加重要和突出。

leading：侧重指具有影响力或凝聚力。从而有主导和引导的作用。

capital：着重指因重要性、意义、优越或重大而名列同类之首。

foremost：侧重指在行进或发展过程中居首位。

primary：通常不用于人。用于物时，指在重要性方面占第一位。

考试真题

But a new report by Deloitte, Global Human Capital Trends, based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high.

Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.

The blasthit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala.

That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis.

Last July, the Somali group al- Shabab said it was behind theblasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70people.

In the United States, 36 states currently allow capital punishment for serious crimes such as mur der.

Two months away in the capital?

But a new report by Deloitte, "Global Human Capital Trends", based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high.

Capital cities are full of tourists and are never friendly.

In most other countries of the world, there is no capital punishment for minors.

In the United States, 36 states currently allow capital punishment for serious crimes such as murder.

Last July, the Somali group al- Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people.

My grandfather and father did not have much capital and our customers didn't have much money, either.

The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala.

The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala.

In fact, in line with past experience, capital expenditure in the oil sector has dropped sharply in many producing countries, including the United States.

But, instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.

We're using our capital now," says Sylvia, "And why not?

They lack the expertise to make capital investments

Analyzing and comparing cities using the lens of this basic divide gives interesting context to how investment capital flows and housing prices have shifted.

Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from more lenders?

The right urban mix has propped up home occupancy, increased property values, and attracted significant investment capital.

Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.

Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of capital hill and the national mall.

Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250, 000 living in its capital, Cayenne.

Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.

The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.

Finally,because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought.

A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.

At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area.

But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.

finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought.

Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sough-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and liverpool in 2008.

词组搭配

make capital out of

use to one's own advantage

利用

trying to make political capital out of the weakness of his rival.
设法利用他对手弱点以谋求政治利益。

with a capital —

used to give emphasis to the word or concept in question

真正地，名副其实地（用来强调问题中的某个词或概念）

she was ugly with a capital U.
她真是名副其实地丑。

实用场景例句

capital and labour: 资方与劳方

Use block capitals (= separate capital letters) .: 使用大写字母。

Please write in capitals/in capital letters .: 请用大写字母书写。

The opposition parties are making political capital out of the government's problems.: 各反对党都在利用政府存在的问题捞取政治资本。

a capital offence: 死罪

English is written with a capital ‘E ’.: English一词中字母E大写。

He was romantic with a capital R.: 他纯属浪漫派。

capital expenditure (= money that an organization spends on buildings, equipment, etc.): 资本投资

capital assets: 资本资产

(figurative)Paris, the fashion capital of the world: 巴黎——世界时装之都

Cairo is the capital of Egypt.: 开罗是埃及的首都。

to set up a business with a starting capital of £100 000: 以10万英镑为启动资金创办一个企业

Espionage is a capital offence in this country.: 在这个国家,从事间谍活动是死罪。

...Americans wrongly convicted of capital crimes.: 被误判死罪的美国人

He rebuked the President for trying to make political capital out of the hostage situation.: 他谴责总统试图利用人质事件捞取政治利益。

She's not feminist with a capital F but she's fairly controversial.: 她不是个真正意义上的女权主义者,但却是个颇具争议的人物。

The name and address are written in capitals.: 姓名和地址是大写的。

A large amount of capital is invested in all these branches.: 一大笔资金投入了各分公司。

...capital equipment that could have served to increase production.: 本可以用来增加产出的资产设备

...capital investment.: 资本投资

With a conventional repayment mortgage, the repayments consist of both capital and interest.: 常规的按揭还款额既包含本金也包括利息。

...Katmandu, the capital of Nepal.: 尼泊尔首都加德满都

Colmar has long been considered the capital of the wine trade.: 科尔马长期以来一直被视为葡萄酒贸易中心。

...New York, the fashion capital of the world.: 纽约,世界时尚之都

Companies are having difficulty in raising capital...: 各公司融资困难。

capital

词态变化

中文词源

英英释意

英文词源

同义词辨析

考试真题

词组搭配

make capital out of

with a capital —

实用场景例句

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