cataract

• n. [眼科] 白内障；大瀑布；暴雨，洪水；奔流
• vt. 倾注

cata-, 向下。-ract, 流，倾泻，词源不详。原指大瀑布，后用做白内障的委婉语。

1. clouding of the natural lens of the eye

2. a large waterfall; violent rush of water over a precipice

cataract

cataract: [15] Greek kataráktēs meant literally ‘swooping down, rushing down’; it was a derivative of the verb katarássein, a compound formed from the prefix katá- ‘down’ (which appears in a wide range of English words, including cataclysm, catalepsy, catalogue, catapult – literally ‘hurl down’ – and catastrophe) and the verb rássein ‘strike’.

Hence it was applied metaphorically to various things that ‘rush down’, including waterfalls and portcullises. The word passed into English via Latin cataracta, and the sense ‘opacity of the eye’s lens’ developed in the 16th century, probably as a metaphorical extension of the now obsolete ‘portcullis’.

cataract (n.)

early 15c., "a waterfall, floodgate," from Latin cataracta "waterfall," from Greek katarhaktes "waterfall, broken water; a kind of portcullis," noun use of an adjective compound meaning "swooping, down-rushing," from kata "down" (see cata-). The second element is traced either to arhattein "to strike hard" (in which case the compound is kat-arrhattein), or to rhattein "to dash, break."

Its alternative sense in Latin of "portcullis" probably was passed through French to form the English meaning "eye disease" (early 15c.), on the notion of "obstruction" (to eyesight).

In one study, light smokers were found to be more than twice as likely to get cataracts as non-smokers...

研究表明，即使抽烟不多的人也比不抽烟的人患白内障的概率高出一倍多。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Age is not a factor in cataract surgery.

年龄并不是影响做白内障手术的因素。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Objective : To observe the efficacy of cataract extraction with IOL implantation in children.

目的: 观察儿童白内障摘除人工晶体植入术的疗效.

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As he stood there, this cataract on a sudden increased in volume.

他站在那儿, 这道瀑布忽然越来越大了.

辞典例句

To determine the factors causing diplopia and ptosis after cataract extraction.

目的:探讨白内障术后复视及上睑下垂的机制.

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Objective To evaluate therapeutic effect and complications after vitrectomy and cataract extraction in vitreoretinopathy with cataract.

[目的]评价联合手术治疗玻璃体视网膜疾病合并白内障的疗效及并发症.

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AIM : To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification in cataract complicated with vitreoretinopathy.

目的: 探讨玻璃体视网膜病变合并白内障患者的玻璃体手术中,同期行白内障超声乳化摘除术的临床效果.

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Can I have LASIK if I have cataract?

如果我有白内障,可以做LASIK 吗 ?

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The prevalence of blindness caused by cataract, glaucoma and corneal opacity was lower in affluent households.

在富裕的家庭中,白内障 、 青光眼和角膜混浊导致的失明发生率更低.

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Results The surgical complications were reduced obviously in the procedures for posterior polar cataract.

结果明显降低了后极性白内障术中并发症.

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Objective: To estimate the therapeutic effect of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens ( IOL ) implantation in cataract with uveitis.

结论: 超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗葡萄膜炎并发白内障,术后炎症反应轻,视力恢复好.

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Indications: Cataract, Conjunctivitis, Myopia, Presbyopia , Eye sight degeneration and other eye disease.

适应症: 白内障 、 结膜炎、视力不足 、 近视 、 老花眼、视力减退及眼部疾病.

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He has developed a cataract.

他患上了白内障.

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The time of finding, diagnosis and treatment was very crucial for congenital cataract.

宜早发现 、 早诊断、早治疗,以便把握手术时机.

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Objective To evaluate efficacy of surgical time and method of congenital cataract.

目的探讨先天性白内障手术时机及方法选择.

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His words, like a cataract long damned, began pouring out.

他的话就像长时间被截住的瀑布似的, 在开始倾泻.

辞典例句

Objective : To study effects of modified sclera tunnel incision on extracapsular cataract extraction.

目的: 探讨改良巩膜隧道式切口对现代白内障囊外摘除术的影响.

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The way is blocked by the tall cataract.

高悬的大瀑布挡住了去路.

《简明英汉词典》

Objective: to observe the effect of two hundred herbs liquid to treating earlier period senile cataract.

目的: 观察二百味草花液治疗早中期白内障的临床疗效.

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He is an elderly gentleman who had had a cataract operation.

他是一位曾经动过白内障手术的老人.

《简明英汉词典》

Some kinds of congenital cataract showed accelerated changes in preoperative VA, especially in the CDNC.

(3)某些先天性白内障视力变化有加速趋势, 尤以先天性致密核性白内障最为明显.

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For this reason the Indians called the cataract Niagara, meaning " thunder of waters ".

正因为如此,印第安人取名为“尼亚拉加大瀑布 ”, 意谓着“水声雷鸣 ”.

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Conclusions Senile cataract may be associated with hereditary and environmental factors.

结论老年性白内障可能是由环境因素和遗传因素共同作用的结果.

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Objective To investigate and discuss the special skills in phacoemulsification for posterior polar cataract.

摘要目的探讨后极性白内障的超声乳化吸出术特殊手术方法.

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METHODS: 275 cases with cataract underwent phacoemulsification combined with foldable intraocular lens implantation through corneal.

方法: 对275例白内障采用经透明角膜超声乳化白内障吸除术,联合折叠人工晶体植入术.

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Conclusions Early diagnosis and operation are important , cataract extraction with IOL implantation iseffective for cataract.

结论儿童白内障及时诊断、早期手术,采用白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入可以获得较好的视功能.

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Doctors perform more than one million cataract operations annually in the U.S. alone.

光是在美国,医生每年施行的白内障手术便高达100万件.

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Objective : To explore the effect of cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in patients with hyperglycemia.

目的: 观察高血糖白内障患者人工晶体植入的疗效.

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