catastrophe
英 [kə'tæstrəfɪ]
美[kə'tæstrəfi]
- n. 大灾难；大祸；惨败
词态变化
复数: catastrophes;副词: catastrophically;形容词: catastrophic;
中文词源
catastrophe 大灾难
cata-, 向下。-strophe, 转，词源同turn, tropical,storm.即急转而下的。
英英释意
- 1. an event resulting in great loss and misfortune;
- "the whole city was affected by the irremediable calamity"
- "the earthquake was a disaster"
- 2. a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune;
- "lack of funds has resulted in a catastrophe for our school system"
- "his policies were a disaster"
- 3. a sudden violent change in the earth's surface
英文词源
- catastrophe
- catastrophe: see apostrophe
- catastrophe (n.)
- 1530s, "reversal of what is expected" (especially a fatal turning point in a drama), from Latin catastropha, from Greek katastrophe "an overturning; a sudden end," from katastrephein "to overturn, turn down, trample on; to come to an end," from kata "down" (see cata-) + strephein "turn" (see strophe). Extension to "sudden disaster" is first recorded 1748.
同义词辨析
disaster, calamity, catastrophe, misfortune
这些名词均表示"灾难"或"不幸"之意。
disaster： 普通用词，指大破坏、痛苦或伤亡。
calamity： 多指个人的不幸，比disaster严重，强调灾难引起的悲痛以及对于损失的感觉。
catastrophe： 语气最强，指可怕的灾难，强调最终的结局。
misfortune： 普通用词，多批较为严重的不幸，强调不幸多由外界因素所致。
考试真题
- While alternative estimates of the damage from carbon emissions differ, and it's especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events, most estimates suggest substantial negative effects.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- Unless renewables become cheap enough that substantial carbon deposits are left underground for a very long time, if not forever, the planet will likely be exposed to potentially catastrophic climate risks.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- It is urgent for governments to increase the cost of using fossil fuels to an appropriate level to lessen the catastrophic effects of climate change.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- These catastrophic events caused more than 1.5 trillion dollars in economic losses.
出自-2016年6月听力原文
- Disaster movies often portray catastrophes that destroy, or at least threaten to destroy earth's entire population.
出自-2013年6月听力原文
- To prevent that event from becoming a catastrophe, first responders will join members of the public in rehearsals that involve communication, evacuation, search and rescue, and other scenarios.
2019年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C
实用场景例句
- We've had a few catastrophes with the food for the party.
- 我们为聚会准备食物时遇到了一些困难。
牛津词典
- catastrophic effects/losses/results
- 灾难性的影响 / 损失 / 结果
牛津词典
- (US)a catastrophic illness (= one that costs a very large amount to treat)
- 要花费巨资治疗的疾病
牛津词典
- Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.
- 提前发出的洪水水位上涨警报防止了又一次的重大灾害。
牛津词典
- The attempt to expand the business was a catastrophe for the firm.
- 扩展业务的尝试使这家公司陷入困境。
牛津词典
- From all points of view, war would be a catastrophe...
- 不管从哪方面说，战争都将是场灾难。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- If the world is to avoid environmental catastrophe, advanced economies must undergo a profound transition.
- 世界若要想避免环境灾难，经济发达的国家必须进行深刻变革。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Every one feels that a disaster is imminent, as if a catastrophe is about to come.
- 谁都感到大事不好, 似乎有什么极大的灾难即将来临.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- There used to be few catastrophe risk control instruments for the insurance company to utilize.
- 在过去,保险公司对自身承保的巨灾风险的控制手段不多.
期刊摘选
- Lack of funds has resulted in a catastrophe for our school system.
- 资金的缺乏给我们学校带来了灾难性的后果.
期刊摘选
- The flood was a terrible catastrophe in which many people died.
- 那次洪水真是一场可怕的灾难,许多人丧生.
期刊摘选
- The Depression was a catastrophe: in America output fell by a third and unemployment hit 25 %.
- 那次经济大萧条是个巨大的灾难: 美国国内生产下降三分之一而且失业率达25%.
期刊摘选
- Insurers protect themselves against the catastrophe through reinsurance.
- 保险人通过再保险使自身免遭巨灾.
期刊摘选
- He is preparing the catastrophe.
- 他在促成灾难.
辞典例句
- Two thousand people died in the catastrophe.
- 有2000人死于这场灾难.
期刊摘选
- They ought to fear climate catastrophe and they are running out of time to act.
- 他们应该害怕气候大灾难,他们采取行动的时间已经很紧了.
期刊摘选
- The catastrophe of a tragedy usually brings death or ruin to the leading character.
- 悲剧的结局常常是主角死亡或毁灭.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- But the risk of a secondary catastrophe, of disease and starvation, remained high.
- 不过,缅甸再次面临疾病和饥饿等灾害的风险依然很高.
期刊摘选
- Will China's economic boom be a halt by environmental catastrophe?
- 中国经济的增长会因环境灾难而终止 吗 ?
期刊摘选
- Absent some catastrophe, the food prices should soon drop.
- 没有什么突变的话, 食品价格应该很快会有所下降.
期刊摘选
- Because of the failure the catastrophe will be coming.
- 因为失败,大祸就要来临了.
期刊摘选
- Have had dreams of destruction or catastrophe.
- 做著大破坏或大灾难的梦.
期刊摘选
- A big earthquake is a catastrophe.
- 大地震(对人类)是异常的灾祸.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- Her money is just about gone. and a catastrophe is imminent unless Pinkerton returns soon.
- 她的钱差不多全用完了, 要是平克顿不马上回来,大祸就要临头.
期刊摘选
- This is a catastrophe beyond human control.
- 这是一场人类无法控制的灾难.
《简明英汉词典》
- I have listened to people talk about the catastrophe in Tangshan.
- 我曾听人们谈论到唐山的那次大灾难.
期刊摘选
- Once Safety critical software runs into dangerous state, it will result in serious damage even catastrophe.
- 如果嵌入式系统安全关键软件质量不好, 可能对系统的安全构成严重威胁.
期刊摘选
- This place often suffers from thunder catastrophe.
- 这个地方经常发生雷害.
期刊摘选
- Miss Ley, indeed, was convinced that some catastrophe had occurred.
- 的确, 莱伊小姐深信发生了什么大变故.
辞典例句
- I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.
- 亏得你我才大难不死.
《简明英汉词典》