discipline

• n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚
• vt. 训练，训导；惩戒

来自disciple, 学习，门徒。引申词义训练，必要的纪律，惩罚。

1. a branch of knowledge;

"in what discipline is his doctorate?"

"teachers should be well trained in their subject"

"anthropology is the study of human beings"

2. a system of rules of conduct or method of practice;

"he quickly learned the discipline of prison routine" or "for such a plan to work requires discipline";

3. the trait of being well behaved;

"he insisted on discipline among the troops"

4. training to improve strength or self-control

5. the act of punishing;

"the offenders deserved the harsh discipline they received"

discipline

discipline: [13] The Latin word for ‘learner’ was discipulus, a derivative of the verb discere ‘learn’ (which was related to docēre ‘teach’, source of English doctor, doctrine, and document). English acquired the word in Anglo- Saxon times, as discipul, and it was subsequently reformulated as disciple on the model of Old French deciple. Derived from discipulus was the noun disciplīna ‘instruction, knowledge’. Its meaning developed gradually into ‘maintenance of order (necessary for giving instruction)’, the sense in which the word first entered English (via Old French discipline).
=> disciple, doctor, doctrine, document

discipline (n.)

early 13c., "penitential chastisement; punishment," from Old French descepline (11c.) "discipline, physical punishment; teaching; suffering; martyrdom," and directly from Latin disciplina "instruction given, teaching, learning, knowledge," also "object of instruction, knowledge, science, military discipline," from discipulus (see disciple (n.)).

Sense of "treatment that corrects or punishes" is from notion of "order necessary for instruction." The Latin word is glossed in Old English by þeodscipe. Meaning "branch of instruction or education" is first recorded late 14c. Meaning "military training" is from late 15c.; that of "orderly conduct as a result of training" is from c. 1500.

discipline (v.)

c. 1300; see discipline (n.). Related: Disciplined; disciplines; disciplining.

drill, exercise, practice, training, discipline

这些名词都有"练习，训练，锻炼"之意。

drill： 侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习。

exercise： 主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。

practice： 指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。

training： 普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。

discipline： 既可指训练又可指为达到某种熟练程度而进行的约束。

Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most "practical" way out of the problem "Major in a subject designed to get you a job" seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as "soft" often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run.

出自-2014年6月阅读原文

Most of them did not have any sense of discipline.

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

The absence of rigorous discipline.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

As a poet, Ted Hughes had an acute sensitivity to the way in which constraints on self-expression, like the disciplines of metre and rhyme (韵律), spur creative thought

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math).

出自-2010年12月阅读原文

There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines

出自-2010年12月阅读原文

Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves.

出自-2010年12月阅读原文

America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines

出自-2010年12月阅读原文

Moreover they site several advantages: alleviation of school overcrowding, strengthen family relationships, lower dropout rates, the facts that students are allowed to learn at their own rate, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems.

出自-2013年12月听力原文

The most common topics they discussed included kids' sleep, nutrition, discipline, behavior problems and day care and preschool.

2018年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue of self-discipline.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

As expected, I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读表达 原文

Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth's psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control.

2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读表达 原文

This one requires a bit of discipline.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

To be punctual one has to have self-discipline, and the lack of it affects others.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.

出自-2013年考研阅读原文

So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills - and in their choices on when to share on social media.

出自-2018年考研阅读原文

Markets have lost faith that the euro zone's economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.

2011年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills-and in their choices on when to share on social media.

2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.

这所学校因纪律严格而名闻遐迩。

牛津词典

Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.

新兵受严格的纪律约束。

牛津词典

She keeps good discipline in class.

她严格执行课堂纪律。

牛津词典

Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relax.

瑜伽是一种学习放松的有效方法。

牛津词典

He'll never get anywhere working for himself─he's got no discipline.

他为自己工作是不会有什么成就的——他毫无自制力。

牛津词典

The officers were disciplined for using racist language.

这些军官因使用种族歧视性语言而受到惩罚。

牛津词典

a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child

管教子女最佳方法指南

牛津词典

He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.

他规定自己每周至少锻炼三次。

牛津词典

Dieting is a matter of disciplining yourself.

节食是自我控制的问题。

牛津词典

a disciplined army/team

纪律严明的军队 / 团队

牛津词典

a disciplined approach to work

严格的工作态度

牛津词典

You've got to make sure that people work together across disciplines...

你必须确保让那些出身不同学科的人一起共事。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.

我们需要各个学科的人才。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I'm very good at disciplining myself.

我能做到严格自律。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Order and discipline have been placed in the hands of headmasters and governing bodies.

维持秩序和纪律的工作已交接给了校长和管理机构了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...discipline problems in the classroom.

课堂纪律问题

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It was that image of calm and discipline that appealed to voters.

正是那个冷静、自律的形象打动了选民。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...inner disciplines like transcendental meditation...

内省，如冥思静坐

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The discipline of studying music can help children develop good work habits.

音乐学习中的训练可以帮助孩子们培养好的工作习惯。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed...

那个工人受到了公司的处罚，但并没有被解雇。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Her husband had at last taken a share in disciplining the boy.

她的丈夫最后也加了进来一起教训那个男孩。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Out on the course you must discipline yourself to let go of detailed theory...

在高尔夫球场上，你必须训练自己做到不拘泥于细枝末节的理论。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The accused man said he had been framed.

被告说他受人陷害了.

期刊摘选

A little discipline would do him a world of good.

略加惩处对他会大有好处.

《现代汉英综合大词典》