draught
英 [drɑːft]
美[drɑft]
- n. 气流；汇票；草稿（等于draft）
- vt. 起草；征兵；选派（等于draft）
- adj. 汲出的；拖拉的（等于draft）
词态变化
复数: draughts;
助记提示
1. from drag, draw. draught 与 drag，draw 同源或者说就源于这两个单词。draft is spelling variant of draught.
2. Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of 'pulling': 'draught beer', for example, is 'drawn' from a barrel.
3. Of the less obvious ones, 'current of air' is air that is 'drawn' through an opening;
4. the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, 'act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games';
5. while draft 'provisional plan' was originally 'something drawn or sketched'.
6. draw => draught, draft. dry => drought.
2. Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of 'pulling': 'draught beer', for example, is 'drawn' from a barrel.
3. Of the less obvious ones, 'current of air' is air that is 'drawn' through an opening;
4. the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, 'act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games';
5. while draft 'provisional plan' was originally 'something drawn or sketched'.
6. draw => draught, draft. dry => drought.
中文词源
draught 通风气流，棋子
来自PIE*dhragh, 拉，吸出，词源同drag,draw. 引申义通风气流，棋子，喝一口。
英英释意
- 1. a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg;
- "they served beer on draft"
- 2. a large and hurried swallow;
- "he finished it at a single gulp"
- 3. a current of air (usually coming into a room or vehicle)
- 4. the depth of a vessel's keel below the surface (especially when loaded)
- 5. a dose of liquid medicine;
- "he took a sleeping draft"
- 6. the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling
英文词源
- draught
- draught: [12] Draught and draft are essentially the same word, but draft (more accurately representing its modern English pronunciation) has become established since the 18th century as the spelling for ‘preliminary drawing or plan’, ‘money order’, and (in American English) ‘conscription’. The word itself probably comes from an unrecorded Old Norse *drahtr, an abstract noun meaning ‘pulling’ derived from a prehistoric Germanic verb *dragan (source of English drag and draw).
Most of its modern English meanings are fairly transparently descended from the idea of ‘pulling’: ‘draught beer’, for example, is ‘drawn’ from a barrel. Of the less obvious ones, ‘current of air’ is air that is ‘drawn’ through an opening; the game draughts comes from an earlier, Middle English sense of draught, ‘act of drawing a piece across the board in chess and similar games’; while draft ‘provisional plan’ was originally ‘something drawn or sketched’.
=> draft, drag, draw - draught (n.)
- c. 1200, from Old English *dreaht, *dræht, related to dragan "to draw, drag" (see drag (v.)). Oldest sense besides that of "pulling" is of "drinking." It retains the functions that did not branch off with draft (q.v.).
词组搭配
feel the draught
(informal)experience an adverse change in one's financial circumstances
(非正式)拮据，经济处境不利
the high street shops will feel the draught most keenly.
主要商业街的商店将最明显地感到经济的下滑。
on draught
(of beer or other drink) ready to be drawn from a barrel or tank; not bottled or canned
（啤酒等饮料）桶贮的，散装的
实用场景例句
- a draught horse
- 役马
牛津词典
- draught beer
- 散装啤酒
牛津词典
- This beer is not available on draught (= it is available only in bottles or cans) .
- 这种啤酒不卖散装。
牛津词典
- a sleeping draught (= one that makes you sleep)
- 一服安眠饮剂
牛津词典
- He took a deep draught of his beer.
- 他喝了一大口啤酒。
牛津词典
- I was sitting in a draught .
- 我坐在风口上。
牛津词典
- A cold draught of air blew in from the open window.
- 一股寒气从敞开的窗户吹了进来。
牛津词典
- There's a draught in here.
- 这儿有一股冷风。
牛津词典
- One of the night-duty nuns gave her a sleeping draught.
- 一个值夜班的修女给了她一剂安眠药水。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- He was in the study playing draughts by the fire with Albert.
- 他正和艾伯特在书房的炉火旁下国际跳棋。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- ...an Irish draught mare.
- 爱尔兰役用母马
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Having added more fruit juice on top, drink it down in one draught.
- 在上面再加些果汁后，把它一口喝掉。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Block draughts around doors and windows...
- 挡住门窗处的穿堂风。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- On a cold day there can be quite a draught from the letterbox.
- 天冷的时候能明显感觉到从信箱那边吹来的过堂风。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Draught beer is available too.
- 还提供桶装啤酒。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- He took a draught of beer...
- 他喝了一大口啤酒。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- It's a pity the room has no north window and you don't get a draught.
- 可惜这房间没北窗,没有过堂风.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He stood and sucked in a great draught of air.
- 他站起来,深深吸了一大口气.
期刊摘选
- The serfs could not aspire to buying farm tools, let alone draught animals.
- 农奴连买农具都不敢想, 更不用说买耕畜了.
期刊摘选
- The ship has a draught of 5 metres.
- 这船吃水5米.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Don't stand in the draught . You may catch cold.
- 别站在风口上, 小心着凉.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Measures for combating the draught have been taken in good time.
- 及时采取了抗旱的措施.
期刊摘选
- Named port unfamiliar advice what facilities there including wharf side draught.
- 所提港口不熟,请电告该港口的设备及码头水深.
期刊摘选
- All available manpower and draught animals were pressed into service.
- 所有人力和耕畜都被强征服役.
期刊摘选
- There is a draught in this room.
- 这房间里有风.
《简明英汉词典》
- The face of bovine section chief at a draught red after all!
- 牛科长的脸一下子红到底了!
期刊摘选
- On tap ( of beer, etc ) in a barrel with a tap; on draught.
- 指啤酒等 ) 装在有龙头的桶里的, 散装的.
期刊摘选
- The horses will draught the load across the town.
- 这些马将负载穿过小镇.
期刊摘选