establish

• vt. 建立；创办；安置
• vi. 植物定植

e-, 缓音字母。-stab,建立，词源同stand,stabilize.

1. set up or found;

"She set up a literacy program"

2. set up or lay the groundwork for;

"establish a new department"

3. establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment;

"The experiment demonstrated the instability of the compound"

"The mathematician showed the validity of the conjecture"

4. institute, enact, or establish;

"make laws"

5. bring about;

"The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth"

6. place;

"Her manager had set her up at the Ritz"

7. use as a basis for; found on;

"base a claim on some observation"

8. build or establish something abstract;

"build a reputation"

establish

establish: [14] Etymologically, to establish something is to ‘make it firm’. The word comes via Old French establir from Latin stabilīre, a derivative of stabilis ‘firm, secure’ (source of English stable and related to English stand). English originally acquired it at the end of the 13th century as stablish, but by the end of the 14th century the more ‘French’ spelling had been introduced, and gradually took over.
=> stable, stand

establish (v.)

late 14c., from Old French establiss-, present participle stem of establir "cause to stand still, establish, stipulate, set up, erect, build" (12c., Modern French établir), from Latin stabilire "make stable," from stabilis "stable" (see stable (adj.)). For the excrescent e-, see e-. Related: Established; establishing. An established church or religion is one sanctioned by the state.

build, construct, found, erect, establish, set up

这些动词均有"建设，建立，建造"之意。

build： 普通用词，含义广泛，可指一切具体或抽象的建造或建立。

construct： 较正式用词，强调根据一定计划进行的规模较大，结构较复杂，要求较高技术的建造。

found： 侧重打下基础或创办，具体或抽象事物均可用。

erect： 侧重指对高而垂直物的建造。使用不如build广泛。

establish： 着重稳固地建成，可具体指国家、政府、学校或商店等的建立，也可指信仰、信用、名誉、法律、制度、规则等的建立。

set up： 作"建立"用时，侧重于"开始"。可指具体或抽象的建立。

prove, certify, demonstrate, establish, testify

这些动词均含有"证明，证实"之意。

prove： 普通用词，指通过某种手段或方式提供证据以证实或证明某事物真实与否，某结论正确与否等情况。

certify： 较正式用词，多指有签字盖章的、合符法律程序的书面证明。

demonstrate： 指通过推理、辩论、实验或以实例来证明事物的正确与否。常用于理论、学说、定律等的证明上。

establish： 指证实事实或理论的真实性与正确性，使其能长期存在或为人们所接受。

testify： 较正式用词，既指出庭作证，提供证据，又指为某人或某事的是否真实提供证据或证明。

The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

But as the nursing shortage worsens, a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing "fast-track programs" that enable college graduates with no nursing experience to become registered nurses with only a year or so of specialized training.

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

He established a new style of leadership.

出自-2012年12月阅读原文

Suburban high schools were established in the hope of increasing economic efficiency.

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U.S. to treat heavy Internet users.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established bicycle shop.

出自-2012年6月听力原文

Angeleno who came to the US six years ago, and is now an established businessman with three restaurants in town.

出自-2011年6月听力原文

Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as IsiS.

2018年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

In the right circumstances, they even like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play.

2019年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

Jody has created several different presentations which she gives to different types of audiences, and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable asking questions or talking to her privately.

2016年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other activewear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

Securing these funds, and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

As a measure to counter future shortages, the American government decided to establish a stockpile of oil in caves underground.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

The government also established a stockpile (贮存) of oil as a short-term buffer (缓冲) against future shortages.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

By establishing more regional technology transfer offices.

出自-2011年12月阅读原文

Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

Once in Mexico, they establish themselves in one of about 15 sizes in the mountain forth.

出自-2014年6月听力原文

As Apple and several security experts have argued, an order compelling Apple to write software that gives the Fbi access to the iPhone in question would establish an unsettling precedent.

2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

But this does not apply to everyone, so it is essential to establish your own rhythm.

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant's safety.

2018年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

This time around, Twenge and her team make a point of saying that they are not trying to establish causes as such, but that they are assessing the plausibility of potential causes.

2019年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.

2019年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文

As executives with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now well on their way to impressive careers.

2015年高考英语浙江卷 完形填空 原文

Developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers.

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the nederlandse seintoestellen fabriek nsf established a radio factory in hiversum.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat.

2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiorsthat in some way enhance, establish, or promote a companies image.

2015年高考英语上海卷 选词填空 原文

They establish some general principles of art.

2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读E 选项

According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch.

出自-2010年考研阅读原文

In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America.

出自-2015年考研翻译原文

A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.

出自-2018年考研翻译原文

Along with singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines.

2020年考研真题（英语一）翻译 Section Ⅲ

In effect, the approach would create a "walled garden" in cyberspace, with safe"neighbor hoods" and bright "streetlights" to establish a sense of a trusted community.

2011年考研真题（英语二）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are non-controversial.

2013年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

We need to establish where she was at the time of the shooting.

我们需要查实枪击发生时她在何处。

牛津词典

It has since been established that the horse was drugged.

此后便证实马被注射了麻醉药。

牛津词典

He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established .

他刚建立起自己的公司，但要站稳脚跟还得花上一段时间。

牛津词典

It was this campaign that established the paper's reputation.

正是这场运动确立了这家报纸的声誉。

牛津词典

Traditions get established over time.

传统是随着时间的推移而得到认可的。

牛津词典

Police are still trying to establish the cause of the accident.

警方仍在努力确定事故的原因。

牛津词典

They have established that his injuries were caused by a fall.

他们已经证实他是摔伤的。

牛津词典

By then she was established as a star.

那时她作为明星的地位已经确立。

牛津词典

The committee was established in 1912.

这个委员会创立于1912年。

牛津词典

The new treaty establishes a free trade zone.

新条约设立了自由贸易区。

牛津词典

The school has established a successful relationship with the local community.

这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。

牛津词典

The School was established in 1989 by an Italian professor.

这所学院由一名意大利教授于1989年创建。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We had already established contact with the museum...

我们已经和那家博物馆建立了联系。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Singapore and South Africa have established diplomatic relations.

新加坡和南非已经建立了外交关系。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Medical tests established that she was not their own child...

医学化验证实她不是他们的亲骨肉。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It will be essential to establish how the money is being spent...

查清楚这笔钱将作何用途至关重要。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

This is going to be the show where up-and-coming comedians will establish themselves...

这将是大有前途的喜剧演员们让自己获得认可的节目。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He has established himself as a pivotal figure in US politics...

他已经确立了自己在美国政界的核心地位。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The UN has established detailed criteria for who should be allowed to vote...

联合国已经制定了有关投票资格的标准细则。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave.

在进入一个很深的岩洞之前,光是装配绳梯和建立供应基地就需要八天之久. (makeadescent下降)

《用法词典》

The United Nations is endeavouring to establish peace.

联合国正在致力确保和平.

《用法词典》

Universities and colleges should establish close contact with institutes of scientific research.

高等院校应与科研单位挂钩.

《现代汉英综合大词典》

She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.

她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室.

《简明英汉词典》

First, he had to establish his credentials as a researcher.

首先, 他得证明自己做调查员的资格.

《简明英汉词典》

Let's establish the ground rules so that everybody knows what to expect.

我们得定一下基本规则,以便让每个人都知道要求如何.

《简明英汉词典》

The director tends to establish his relatives in the best jobs.

主任总想安插他的亲戚干最好的工作.

《简明英汉词典》