exile

• n. 流放，充军；放逐，被放逐者；流犯
• vt. 放逐，流放；使背井离乡

ex-, 向外。-sil, 拿，带，召集，词源同consul, counsel.引申义扔出去的，流亡。

1. voluntarily absent from home or country

2. expelled from home or country by authority

3. the act of expelling a person from their native land;

"men in exile dream of hope"

"his deportation to a penal colony"

"the expatriation of wealthy farmers"

"the sentence was one of transportation for life"

exile

exile: [13] Latin exul meant ‘banished person’. This was formed from the prefix ex- ‘out’ and a prehistoric Indo-European base *ul- ‘go’ (represented also in Latin ambulāre ‘walk’, source of English amble and ambulance). From it was created the noun exilium ‘banishment’, which in Old French became essil. This was subsequently remodelled to exil, on the basis of its Latin source, and passed on to English.
=> amble, ambulance

exile (v.)

c. 1300, from Old French essillier "exile, banish, expel, drive off" (12c.), from Late Latin exilare/exsilare, from Latin exilium/exsilium "banishment, exile; place of exile," from exul "banished person," from ex- "away" (see ex-) + PIE root *al- (2) "to wander" (cognates: Greek alaomai "to wander, stray, or roam about"). In ancient times folk etymology derived the second element from Latin solum "soil." Related: Exiled; exiling.

exile (n.)

c. 1300, "forced removal from one's country," from Old French exil, essil (12c.), from Latin exilium "banishment; place of exile" (see exile (v.)). From c. 1300 as "a banished person," from Latin exsul, exul.

Several etymologies are possible. It might be a derivative of a verb *ex-sulere 'to take out' to the root *selh- 'to take', cf. consul and consulere; hence exsul 'the one who is taken out'. It might belong to amb-ulare *-al- 'to walk', hence 'who walks out'. It might even belong to *helh-, the root of [Greek elauno] 'to drive': ex-ul 'who is driven out' [de Vaan, "Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages"]

exile, expel

这两个动词均有"驱逐出境，放逐"之意。

exile： 指政府强迫某一公民离开祖国或流放到某地，但不一定含耻辱意味。

expel： 含义广，可指驱逐出境或取消某一资格，含耻辱意味。

This year, the programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the meaning of exile.

2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

the party's exiled leaders

该党的流亡领袖

牛津词典

a tax exile (= a rich person who moves to another country where taxes are lower)

迁居低税国家的富人

牛津词典

political exiles

政治流亡者

牛津词典

He returned after 40 years of exile.

他流放40年后归来。

牛津词典

a place of exile

流放地

牛津词典

to go into exile

流亡

牛津词典

to be/live in exile

在流放中；过流放生活

牛津词典

to be forced/sent into exile

被迫 / 被流放

牛津词典

They threatened to exile her in southern Spain.

他们威胁要将她流放到西班牙南部。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He has been exiled from the first team and forced to play in third team matches...

他被开除出甲级球队，被迫参加丙级球队的比赛。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Michael was exiled to the kitchen for supper.

迈克尔被赶到厨房吃晚饭。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He is now living in exile in Egypt...

他目前流亡埃及。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He returned from exile earlier this year.

今年早些时候他流亡归来。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

His second wife, Hilary, had been widowed, then exiled from South Africa...

他的第二任妻子希拉丽已经成了寡妇，后来又被驱逐出南非。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Life exile in Europe might suit the prince , who would not want for money or diversions.

流亡欧洲的生活可能适合王储, 因为他既不缺钱、也不缺消遣方式.

期刊摘选

The capital will be captured soon, so the emperor has to go into exile.

首都马上就要失守了, 皇帝只能蒙尘出逃了.

期刊摘选

He spent many years in exile.

他曾经流亡多年.

辞典例句

Napoleon's exile to Elba was brief.

拿破仑被放逐到厄尔巴岛的时间很短.

《现代汉英综合大词典》

She might have remained in exile had it not been for Julius Caesar.

若不是尤利乌斯?凯撒,她或许仍流放在外.

期刊摘选

Exile groups have condemned the policy as an attempt to assimilate Uighurs into Han culture.

流亡团体指责此政策企图同化维族.

期刊摘选

With his second abdication and exile, the era of the Napoleonic Wars ended.

拿破仑战争时代随著拿破仑第二次的退位和流放而结束.

期刊摘选

The slaves were taken into exile at three different times by King Nebuchadnezzar.

这些奴隶分三次被尼布甲尼撒王流放.

期刊摘选

Attempting to imprison, exile or execute an important character runs the risk of a civil war.

企图监禁, 流放或处死一个重要地人物会导致内战地风险.

期刊摘选

The people of the country will exile the king to foreign country next month.

下个月,这个国家的人民将把这个国王流放到国外去.

《简明英汉词典》

The Tibetan government in exile declared that those organizations and supported by the Chinese authority.

但是流亡政府一直认为这些组织得到了敌对的中国政府的支持.

期刊摘选

After an exile of eight years her uncle returned to Cairo.

她叔叔背井离乡8年后返回开罗.

《简明英汉词典》

He is living in exile on the small island for some political reason.

他因为某种政治原因在小岛上过着流亡生活.

期刊摘选

Napoleon was sent into exile on an island.

拿破仑被流放到一个岛上.

《简明英汉词典》