首页英语词典fairfair的意思

fair

英 [feə] 美[fɛr]

adj. 公平的；美丽的，白皙的；[气象] 晴朗的
adv. 公平地；直接地；清楚地
vi. 转晴
n. 展览会；市集；美人
n. (Fair)人名；(英、芬)费尔

基本词汇中高频词CET6考研TEM4CET4

词态变化

复数: fairs;比较级: fairer;最高级: fairest;

中文词源

fair 美丽的，漂亮的，公平的

缩写自古英语faeger, 美丽的，漂亮的，来自PIE*pek, 使美丽，漂亮。词义由美丽引申为公平，公正。比较very, 原义为真实的，even, 原义为平的。

fair 集市，庙会

来自拉丁语feriae, 宗教节目，宗教集会，词源同festival.

英英释意

1. a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.

2. gathering of producers to promote business;: "world fair"; "trade fair"; "book fair"

3. a competitive exhibition of farm products;: "she won a blue ribbon for her baking at the county fair"

4. a sale of miscellany; often for charity;: "the church bazaar"

英文词源

fair: fair: English has two distinct words fair, one Germanic and the other Romance. The older, meaning ‘beautiful’ [OE], comes from a prehistoric Germanic *fagraz, which survives also in Swedish fager ‘beautiful’. It derived from a base *fag-, which seems originally to have meant ‘fitting, suitable’ (a variant of it was the ultimate source of fake and possibly also of the now archaic noun fig ‘clothes, array’, as in ‘in full fig’).

Of its main present-day meanings, ‘just, equitable’ developed in the 14th century and ‘not dark’ in the mid 16th century. Fair ‘festive event’ [13] comes from Old French feire. This was a descendant of late Latin fēria, a singular use of a noun which in classical times had been used in the plural, fēriae, for ‘holiday’. A close relative of fēriae was the adjective festus ‘joyous’, source of English feast, festival, festoon, and fête.
=> fake, feast, festival, festoon, fête, fig
fair (adj.): Old English fæger "pleasing to the sight (of persons and body features, also of objects, places, etc.); beautiful, handsome, attractive," of weather, "bright, clear, pleasant; not rainy," also in late Old English "morally good," from Proto-Germanic *fagraz (cognates: Old Saxon fagar, Old Norse fagr, Swedish fager, Old High German fagar "beautiful," Gothic fagrs "fit"), perhaps from PIE *pek- (1) "to make pretty" (cognates: Lithuanian puošiu "I decorate").

The meaning in reference to weather preserves the oldest sense "suitable, agreeable" (opposed to foul (adj.)). Of the main modern senses of the word, that of "light of complexion or color of hair and eyes, not dusky or sallow" (of persons) is from c. 1200, faire, contrasted to browne and reflecting tastes in beauty. From early 13c. as "according with propriety; according with justice," hence "equitable, impartial, just, free from bias" (mid-14c.).

Of wind, "not excessive; favorable for a ship's passage," from late 14c. Of handwriting from 1690s. From c. 1300 as "promising good fortune, auspicious." Also from c. 1300 as "above average, considerable, sizable." From 1860 as "comparatively good."

The sporting senses (fair ball, fair catch, etc.) began to appear in 1856. Fair play is from 1590s but not originally in sports. Fair-haired in the figurative sense of "darling, favorite" is from 1909. First record of fair-weather friends is from 1736 (in a letter from Pope published that year, written in 1730). The fair sex "women" is from 1660s, from the "beautiful" sense (fair as a noun meaning "a woman" is from early 15c.). Fair game "legitimate target" is from 1776, from hunting.
Others, who have not gone to such a height of audacious wickedness, have yet considered common prostitutes as fair game, which they might pursue without restraint. ["Advice from a Father to a Son, Just Entered into the Army and about to Go Abroad into Action," London, 1776]
fair (n.): "a stated market in a town or city; a regular meeting to buy, sell, or trade," early 14c., from Anglo-French feyre (late 13c.), from Old French feire, faire "fair, market; feast day," from Vulgar Latin *feria "holiday, market fair," from Latin feriae "religious festivals, holidays," related to festus "solemn, festive, joyous" (see feast (n.)).
fair (adv.): Old English fægere "beautifully," from fæger "beautiful" (see fair (adj.)). From c. 1300 as "honorably;" mid-14c. as "correctly; direct;" from 1510s as "clearly." Fair and square is from c. 1600. Fair-to-middling is from 1829, of livestock markets.

同义词辨析

beautiful, fair, handsome, lovely, pretty, fine

这些形容词均含"美丽的，漂亮的"之意。

beautiful：普通用词，含义广泛，语气最强，指优美和谐，是一种几乎接近完美的美。指人时通常形容女人或小孩，很少用于描写男子。

fair：正式用词，多用于文学中，形容女子和儿童，侧重外表的美。

handsome：多用于描写男性的英俊潇洒。有时也形容女人，指其五官端正，体态秀丽。

lovely：普通用词，描写人时，主要指女人和小孩的相貌，语气不如beautiful强。

pretty：普通用词，语气比beautiful弱，多用于描写妇女、儿童以及小巧玲珑，精美可爱之物。

fine：指在容貌、身材或风度等方面令人感到可爱。用于事物时，强调形式或内容的优美。

exhibition, exhibit, show, exposition, fair, display

这些名词都可表示"展览"或"展览会"之意。

exhibition：一般指较正规的展览会。

exhibit：多指个人或团体陈列的展览品，规模可大可小。

show：指艺术品、农产品、工业品或商品等的任何形式的公开展览。

exposition：多指大型博览会或国际博览会。

fair：侧重指为促销商品而举办的展览会或商品交易会。

display：指展销会，商店橱窗或柜台上的陈列品。

fair, market

这两个名词均有"集市，市场"之意。

fair：一般指在乡村小镇定期举行的买卖牛羊或农产品等的集市。现引申指国际性的博览会、交易会等。

market：指人们购买货品的地方，经常出售商品的市场。

impartial, just, fair, neutral, objective

这些形容词均有"公正的，公平的，不偏不倚的"之意。

impartial：侧重对任何人或任何一方没有成见或偏袒。

just：多用于庄重场合，指不受个人利益得失或感情倾向的影响，侧重按照公认的准则或标准处理问题。

fair：普通常用词，指不偏不倚地对待人和物，侧重不受个人感情、偏见或利益所影响。

neutral：强调持中立态度，不偏袒任何一方，甚至不作最后的裁决。

objective：着重客观、真实，不为个人偏见、兴趣、感情或看法所左右。

考试真题

Such an organization does a lot in training workshops in special media, crafts marketing techniques, crafts fairs and sales, festivals, TV appearances and demonstrations.

New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.

If you act like someone who expects a fair request to be granted, chances are it will be granted.

But can artificial intelligence AI machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?

Fair competition might create a strong incentive for insurers to charge less.

fair distribution of funding for universities and research institutions

Reporters can tolerate rejection of their ideas if they believe they were given a fair hearing.

Your gut reaction (本能反应) and dismissive rejection, even of a worthless idea, might not qualify as systematic or fair

One feature of a good grading system is that those measured by it generally regard it as fair and reasonable—not the case here.

Since 1976 the act has been amended to include computer software and guidelines have been adopted for fair use of television broadcasts.

For now, we need to interpret the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner

Green, is it fair to say that negotiation is an art?

I guess that would be fair to say.

It wouldn't be fair to give Merian all the credit.

The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age, parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project.

To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community.

As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant's reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices.

As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest.

Coastal areas will be warmer and can expect a fair amount of sunshine in the morning.

It was a fair trade —I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat.

The tasters move down the line with surprising speed, tasting from a spoon and deciding what is a fair price for each tea.

There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together before us.

Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it’s just not fair.

In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair,then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children.

It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.

Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service ( ' , NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well.

It doesn't seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the childless.

It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers'money to do with as they please.

So does the idea that decisions made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.

Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair.

To be fair, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods entirely, but to reduce their lifetime intake.

词组搭配

all's fair in love and war

(proverb)in certain highly charged situations, any method of achieving your objective is justifiable

(谚)为了爱情和战争一切都是合理的（在某些极端情况下可以不择手段）

by fair means or foul

using whatever means are necessary

不择手段；想方设法；无论如何

they were determined to ensure victory for themselves, by fair means or foul.
他们决心无论如何也要取得胜利。

a fair deal

equitable treatment

公正的待遇（或做法）

fair dinkum

fair dos

(Brit. informal)used to request just treatment or accept that it has been given

(英，非正式)［用于要求或承认已得到公正对待］公正办事

Fair dos—you don't believe I've been idle all this time?.
公正点吧——你不会认为我成天都在混时间吧？。

fair enough

(informal)used to admit that something is reasonable or acceptable

(非正式)［表认同］有道理；说得对；没问题

‘I can't come because I'm working late.’ ‘Fair enough.’.
“我来不了，因为要干到很晚。”“没问题。”。

fair go

(Austral./NZ informal)used for emphasis or to request someone to be reasonable or fair

(澳/新西兰，非正式)［用于加重语气或要求某人讲道理或公正］公道一点

Fair go! How can I ask a thing like that?.
讲点儿道理！我怎么能问这样的事？。

fair name

(dated)a good reputation

(旧)好名声

the fair sex (亦作 the fairer sex)

(dated or humorous)women

(旧或幽默)女性

fair's fair

(informal)used to request just treatment or assert that an arrangement is just

(非正式)［用于要求公正对待或说明做法是公正的］事实就是事实

Fair's fair—we were here first.
事实就是事实——是我们先到这儿。

in a fair way to do something

having nearly done something, and likely to achieve it

就快做成某事

you are in a fair way to have cured yourself.
你就快治好自己了。

it's a fair cop

an admission that the speaker has been caught doing wrong and deserves punishment

（说话人承认做错事且应受罚）理应如此；抓得好

be set fair

(Brit.)(of the weather) be fine and likely to stay fine for a time

(英)（天气）持续晴朗

fair off 或 fair up &I{【多用于美国南部】}

To become clear. Used of weather.

放晴：变睛。用于天气

实用场景例句

(especially British English)‘You should really have asked me first. ’ ‘Right, okay, fair comment . ’: “你本来应该先问我。”“对，不错，是这样。”

To be fair , she behaved better than we expected.: 说句公道话，她表现得比我们预期的要好。

It seems only fair that they should give us something in return.: 似乎他们应该给我们点什么作为回报才像话。

I think it is fair to say that they are pleased with this latest offer.: 我认为恰当地说，他们喜欢最近的这一次建议。

It's only fair to add that they were not told about the problem until the last minute.: 要补充说明以下情况才合理，即他们是最后一刻才获知这个问题。

It's not fair on the students to keep changing the timetable.: 不断改动时间表，这样对待学生不恰当。

The punishment was very fair.: 这个处罚很公正。

Was it really fair to him to ask him to do all the work?: 要他做所有的工作对他真的公平吗？

a fair deal/wage/price/question: 公平交易；合理的工资；公道的价格；恰当的问题

I have a fair idea of how difficult things can be.: 我大致了解情况会有多困难。

Reimar had a fair command of English.: 赖马尔的英语说得还不错。

Both children were very like Robina, but were much fairer than she was.: 两个孩子都很像罗比娜，但头发颜色比她浅得多。

It's important to protect my fair skin from the sun.: 保护我白皙的皮肤不受日晒是很紧要的。

Weather conditions were fair.: 天气晴好。

...an antiques fair.: 古玩交易会

To be fair, the team is young and not yet settled...: 说句公道话，这个队还年轻，还没有成型。

And, let us be fair, some MPs do work hard.: 而且，说句公道话，有些下院议员工作还是很卖力的。

If you don't like it, fair enough, but that's hardly a justification to attack the whole thing...: 如果你不喜欢，这说得过去，但把它批得一无是处就没什么道理了。

Fair enough, you didn't have a perfectly happy childhood: but your childhood is over now.: 没错，你的童年生活不那么幸福：但它已经过去了。

'I'm taking it to our local police station.' — 'Oh right, fair enough.'...: “我要告到本地警察局。”——“呵，对，干得有理。”

'The message was addressed to me and I don't see why I should show it to you.' — 'Fair enough.': “这条信息是写给我的，我不明白为什么要给你看。”——“说得在理。”

The government is not playing fair, one union official told me.: 政府在搞鬼，一位工会官员告诉我。

It would be fair to say he had one or two unhappy moments out there...: 可以这么说，他在那里有过一两次不愉快。

I think it's fair to say that it didn't sound quite right.: 我想应该说那听起来可不太对。

There are no excuses. We were beaten fair and square.: 没话说，我们是给正大光明地打败的。

It's a fair guess to say that the damage will be extensive...: 说损失会很严重想必猜得不错。

My mother's brother lives a fair distance away so we don't see him and his family very often.: 我舅舅住在相当远的地方，所以我们很少见到他和他的家人。

My neighbours across the street travel a fair amount...: 我街对面的邻居游历甚广。

Do you feel they're paying their fair share?...: 你觉得他们付了该付的那份钱吗？

It didn't seem fair to leave out her father...: 将她父亲排除在外似乎不公平。