foil

• vt. 衬托；阻止，挡开；挫败；贴箔于
• n. 箔，金属薄片；衬托，烘托；叶形片
• abbr. 面向文件的翻译语言（file-Oriented interpretive language）
• n. (Foil)人名；(英)福伊尔

来自拉丁语folia, 叶子，词源同foliage. 用来指箔纸。

来自拉丁语fullo, 踩，特指洗衣，浣纱，词源同defile, full(漂洗衣物)。引申词义挫败。

1. a piece of thin and flexible sheet metal;

"the photographic film was wrapped in foil"

2. anything that serves by contrast to call attention to another thing's good qualities;

"pretty girls like plain friends as foils"

3. a device consisting of a flat or curved piece (as a metal plate) so that its surface reacts to the water it is passing through;

"the fins of a fish act as hydrofoils"

4. picture consisting of a positive photograph or drawing on a transparent base; viewed with a projector

5. a light slender flexible sword tipped by a button

foil

foil: English has three separate words foil. The oldest, ‘thwart’ [13], originally meant ‘trample’. It probably comes via Anglo-Norman *fuler from Vulgar Latin *fullāre, a derivative of Latin fullō ‘person who cleans and bulks out cloth, originally by treading’ (whence English fuller [OE]). Foil ‘metallic paper’ [14] comes via Old French from Latin folium ‘leaf’ (source also of English foliage [15] and folio [16]).

It originally meant ‘leaf’ in English too, but that usage died out in the 15th century. The modern notion of ‘one that enhances another by contrast’ comes from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to increase its brilliancy, (Latin folium, incidentally, goes back to an Indo-European *bhel-, an extended form of which, *bhlō-, produced English blade, bloom, blossom, and flower.) The source of foil ‘sword’ [16] is not known, although the semantic development of blade from ‘leaf’ to ‘cutting part’ suggests the possibility that a similar process took place in the case of foil ‘leaf’.
=> fuller; blade, bloom, blossom, flower, foliage

foil (v.1)

c. 1300, foilen "to spoil a trace or scent by running over it" (more commonly defoilen), irregularly from Old French foler, fuler "trample on, injure, maim; ill-treat, deceive, get the better of" (13c., Modern French fouler), from Vulgar Latin *fullare "to clean cloth" (by treading on it), from Latin fullo "one who cleans cloth, a fuller," which is of unknown origin. Compare full (v.).

Hence, "to overthrow, defeat" (1540s; as a noun in this sense from late 15c.); "frustrate the efforts of" (1560s). Related: Foiled; foiling. Foiled again! as a cry of defeat and dismay is from at least 1847.

foil (n.)

"very thin sheet of metal," early 14c., foile, from Old French foil, fueill, fueille "leaf; foliage; sheet of paper; sheet of metal" (12c., Modern French fueille), from Latin folia, plural (mistaken for fem. singular) of folium "leaf" (see folio).

The sense of "one who enhances another by contrast" (1580s) is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly. The meaning "light sword used in fencing" (1590s) could be from this sense, or from foil (v.). The sense of "metallic food wrap" is from 1897.

foil (v.2)

"apply foil to," 1610s, from foil (n.1).

(British English)aluminium foil

铝箔

牛津词典

(North Amercian English)aluminum foil

铝箔

牛津词典

The chocolates are individually wrapped in gold foil.

巧克力用金箔纸一颗颗独立包装。

牛津词典

The pale walls provide a perfect foil for the furniture.

浅色的墙壁完全衬托出家具的特色。

牛津词典

to foil a plan/crime/plot

挫败计划 / 犯罪 / 阴谋

牛津词典

Customs officials foiled an attempt to smuggle the paintings out of the country.

海关关员阻截了一次企图走私画作出境的阴谋。

牛津词典

They were foiled in their attempt to smuggle the paintings.

他们走私绘画作品的企图未能得逞。

牛津词典

A cold beer is the perfect foil for a curry.

冰镇啤酒是吃咖喱的绝配。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...aluminium foil.

铝箔

柯林斯高阶英语词典

A brave police chief foiled an armed robbery on a jewellers' by grabbing the raiders' shotgun...

一位勇敢的警长夺过了意图袭击珠宝店的劫匪手中的猎枪，挫败了这起持械抢劫案。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The idea of building a roof terrace was also foiled by the planning authorities.

建造一个带棚阳台的想法也被规划局否决了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He thought of her serenity as a foil for his intemperance...

在他看来，她的平静反衬出了他的放纵。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Pour cider around the meat and cover with foil.

在肉周围倒上苹果酒，然后以箔纸覆盖。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Intermediatein, persistent and lasting effects in non - coatings based on outdoor therefore for the foil.

光亮 、 坚韧和持久的效果也能够在 非 涂料底基上获得,因此用于户外时就不再需要贴膜.

期刊摘选

In the play, a wicked old uncle acts as a foil to the noble young prince.

在剧中, 一个坏心肠的老叔父为一高贵的年轻王子作衬托.

《简明英汉词典》

Her sparkling jewellery served as the perfect foil for her fine complexion.

她戴著闪闪生辉的首饰,更显得容貌姣好.

期刊摘选

Pigment foil : Coloured foils used for blocking.

色箔: 作烫印用的彩色箔.

期刊摘选

Ming Hui products widely processed in coating, leather, foil industry.

该系列产品广泛应用于油漆、油墨 、 皮革 、 烫金膜等行业.

期刊摘选

Foil, epee and sabre are the three weapons used in fencing competitions.

在击剑比赛中使用花剑 、 重剑和佩剑三种剑.

期刊摘选

Milk bottle tops are made of tin foil.

牛奶瓶盖是用锡箔做的.

《简明英汉词典》

Chocolate is wrapped in foil to keep it fresh.

为保新鲜,巧克力用箔纸包起来.

辞典例句

Whole station room is in of far hill foil below, reflect building and natural accrete.

整个站房在远山的衬托下, 体现建筑与自然的共生.

期刊摘选

To coat ( glass, for example ) with metal foil.

以箔包用金属箔覆盖 ( 如玻璃 )

期刊摘选

The development trends of China's aluminium foil market and production was also predicted.

预测了中国铝箔市场发展的趋势和中国铝箔生产发展的未来之路.

期刊摘选

Cover with aluminum foil and bake in preheated 180 ℃ oven for 30 minutes.

封好锡纸,放入已预热至180℃焗炉内焗30分钟.

期刊摘选

Transfer to a rimmed baking sheet lined with parchment paper; cover with foil.

把点缀好的小盘子放入有边的烤盘中,用植物羊皮纸包好, 上面盖上箔片.

期刊摘选

Gold foil paper: Paper with a gold colored foil coating.

金箔纸: 有金色金属表层的纸.

期刊摘选

I am resolved my husband shall not be a rival, but a foil to me ( Charlotte Bront ? )

我决定不把我丈夫当成敌手而把他当成我的陪衬 ( 夏洛特勃朗特 )

期刊摘选