forlorn
英 [fə'lɔːn]
美[fɚ'lɔrn]
- adj. 被遗弃的；绝望的；孤独的
词态变化
副词: forlornly;
中文词源
forlorn 被遗弃的，绝望的
for-, 完全的。lorn, 失去，词源同lose. 原义为毁坏的，完全丧失的。绝望义来自英语短语forlorn hope(1570s), 完全失去希望的，而hope实则为荷兰语hoop的讹误，军队，部队，词源同英语词heap. 类似于日本的敢死队，通常带有自杀式使命。类似演变参照humble pie.
英英释意
- 1. pitiable in circumstances especially through abandonment;
- "desolate and despairing"
- "left forlorn"
- 2. marked by or showing hopelessness;
- "the last forlorn attempt"
- "a forlorn cause"
英文词源
- forlorn
- forlorn: [12] Forlorn began life as the past participle of Old English forlēosan ‘lose completely, forfeit, abandon’, a compound verb formed in prehistoric Germanic times from the intensive prefix *fer- and *leusan (a relative of modern English lose). It retains some of its early connotations of being ‘abandoned’, but the main modern sense ‘miserable, downcast’ developed in the 14th century.
The forlorn of forlorn hope [16], incidentally, is a translation of the related Dutch verloren ‘lost’, but hope has no etymological connection with English hope. It is simply an anglicization of Dutch hoop ‘troop, band’ (to which English heap is related). The word was originally used for a squad of soldiers sent out on a very dangerous mission, with little hope that they would return.
The modern sense ‘hopeless undertaking’ developed in the 17th century, ‘misguided hope’ probably even more recently.
=> lose - forlorn (adj.)
- mid-12c., forloren "disgraced, depraved," past participle of obsolete forlesan "be deprived of, lose, abandon," from Old English forleosan "to lose, abandon, let go; destroy, ruin," from for- "completely" + leosan "to lose" (see lose). In the Mercian hymns, Latin perditionis is glossed by Old English forlorenisse. OED's examples of forlese end in 17c., but the past participle persisted. Sense of "forsaken, abandoned" is 1530s; that of "wretched, miserable" first recorded 1580s.
A common Germanic compound (cognates: Old Saxon farilosan, Old Frisian urliasa, Middle Dutch verliesen, Dutch verliezen, Old High German virliosan, German verlieren, Gothic fraliusan "to lose").
In English now often in forlorn hope (1570s), which is a partial translation of Dutch verloren hoop, in which hoop means "troop, band," literally "heap," and the sense of the whole phrase is of a suicide mission. The phrase more often than not is used in English as if it meant "a faint hope, and the misuse has colored the meaning of forlorn. Related: Forlornly; forlornness.
词组搭配
Dutch
a persistent or desperate hope that is unlikely to be fulfilled
渺茫的希望；不可能实现的愿望
实用场景例句
- She looked so forlorn, standing there in the rain.
- 她站在雨中，显得孤苦伶仃。
牛津词典
- Empty houses quickly take on a forlorn look.
- 空无一人的房屋很快就显得凄凉。
牛津词典
- She waited in the forlorn hope that he would one day come back to her.
- 她几乎毫无指望地等待他有一天会回到她的身边。
牛津词典
- His father smiled weakly in a forlorn attempt to reassure him that everything was all right.
- 他父亲淡淡地一笑，枉然地试图要他放心，一切都安然无恙。
牛津词典
- ...a forlorn effort to keep from losing my mind.
- 试图不让自己丧失理智的无谓努力
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Peasants have left the land in the forlorn hope of finding a better life in cities.
- 农民离开土地，希望能在城市找到更好的生活，却不知道这根本难以实现。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The once glorious palaces stood empty and forlorn.
- 昔日金碧辉煌的宫殿显得空寂而又荒凉。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- They headed inland on a forlorn road that was rutted and pocked...
- 他们沿着一条坑坑洼洼布满车辙印的荒凉小路向内地进发。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- He looked a forlorn figure as he limped off after 26 minutes.
- 26 分钟之后他一瘸一拐地走出来，显得孤单凄凉。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- One of the demonstrators, a young woman, sat forlorn on the pavement...
- 一名年轻的女示威者独自一人坐在人行路上。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The village went to its rest on Tuesday night, sad and forlorn.
- 晚上整个村庄在一片悲哀和绝望的氛围里静了下来.
英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
- No smoke came from the chimney and the little lattice windows gaped forlorn.
- 烟囱不再飘起袅袅青烟.一扇扇小花格窗凄凉地洞开着.
期刊摘选
- Forlorn and woeful the old capital lay in gray morning light as we entered.
- 当我们进入南京的时候,这古老的京城正孤独地,忧郁地躺在灰色的晨曦中.
辞典例句
- The AU mission to Somalia looks even more forlorn.
- 非盟的维和使命在索马里看起来是成功甚难.
期刊摘选
- It'seemed a forlorn hope that we would find a taxi.
- 看来我们找到出租车的希望非常渺茫.
《简明英汉词典》
- Forlorn separatists there are still locked up for unfurling flags.
- 散兵游勇的分裂派得到了限制.
期刊摘选
- Humanity is left " wandering forlorn among the empty eternities ".
- 人类只是在 “ 空虚的永恒中孤独地流浪着 ”.
辞典例句
- Could scarcely lift above the world forlorn.
- 也没法从那凄凉的人世举起来.
期刊摘选
- This is a grimy, forlorn industrial town.
- 这是一个肮脏而又荒凉的工业小镇.
辞典例句
- I'm a poor forlorn girl.
- 我是一个可怜的,无依无靠的女孩子.
辞典例句
- We inform you with pleasure, that this day, the official webpage of Forlorn World was launched.
- 我们很高兴向您宣布, 就在今天,核冬天(ForlornWorld)的官网已经正式启动了.
期刊摘选
- A forlorn and shipwrecked brother.
- 不幸沉船遇难,看见这足印.
期刊摘选
- P . C. Brown regarded the forlorn figure, shabbily dressed. The man seemed miserable, homeless perhaps?
- 布朗警官打量了一下那孤单单的身影, 他衣衫褴褛,模样挺可怜, 也许他无家可归 吧 ?
百科语句
- The sort of sway Beijing exerts contrasts markedly with Tokyo's forlorn attempts at regional leadership.
- 北京施加的影响与日本政府争夺地区领导力的无望尝试形成了鲜明对比.
期刊摘选
- She didn't belong, and felt utterly forlorn.
- 她与周围的人格格不入, 感到完全孤立无助.
《简明英汉词典》
- She had a forlorn look on her face.
- 她脸上有一种孤独的神情.
辞典例句
- He came to her , his black face as forlorn as a lost and masterless hound.
- 他走进来时那张黑脸像丧家的狗的脸一样难看.
飘（部分）
- The house stood forlorn and empty.
- 房子被弃置了,空无一物.
《简明英汉词典》