fresh

• adj. 新鲜的；清新的；淡水的；无经验的
• n. 开始；新生；泛滥
• adv. 刚刚，才；最新地

来自PIE*preisk, 新鲜的，有活力的，进一步来自PIE*preu, 蹦，跳，词源同frog, frolic. 并由此引申诸多词义。

1. not stale or old;

"fresh bread"

"a fresh scent"

2. (of a cycle) beginning or occurring again;

"a fresh start"

"fresh ideas"

3. imparting vitality and energy;

"the bracing mountain air"

4. of a kind not seen before;

"the computer produced a completely novel proof of a well-known theorem"

5. not canned or otherwise preserved;

"fresh vegetables"

6. not containing or composed of salt water;

"fresh water"

7. having recently calved and therefore able to give milk;

"the cow is fresh"

8. with restored energy

9. not soured or preserved;

"sweet milk"

10. free from impurities;

"clean water"

"fresh air"

11. not artificial;

"fresh cut flowers"

12. not yet used or soiled;

"a fresh shirt"

"a fresh sheet of paper"

"an unused envelope"

13. improperly forward or bold;

"don't be fresh with me"

"impertinent of a child to lecture a grownup"

"an impudent boy given to insulting strangers"

fresh

fresh: [12] Fresh is of Germanic origin, but in its present form reached English via French. Its ultimate source was the prehistoric Germanic adjective *friskaz, which also produced German frisch, Dutch vers, Swedish färsk, and possibly English frisk [16]. It was borrowed into the common source of the Romance languages as *friscus, from which came French frais and Italian and Spanish fresco (the Italian form gave English fresco [16], painting done on ‘fresh’ – that is, still wet – plaster, and alfresco [18], literally ‘in the fresh air’).

English acquired fresh from the Old French predecessor of frais, freis. The colloquial sense ‘making presumptuous sexual advances’, first recorded in the USA in the mid 19th century, probably owes much to German frech ‘cheeky’.
=> alfresco, fresco, frisk

fresh (adj.1)

c. 1200, fresh, also fersh, "unsalted; pure; sweet; eager;" the modern form is a metathesis of Old English fersc, of water, "not salt, unsalted," itself transposed from Proto-Germanic *friskaz (cognates: Old Frisian fersk, Middle Dutch versch, Dutch vers, Old High German frisc, German frisch "fresh"). Probably cognate with Old Church Slavonic presinu "fresh," Lithuanian preskas "sweet."

Sense of "new, recent" is from c. 1300; that of "not stale or worn" is from early 14c.; of memories from mid-14c. The metathesis, and the expanded Middle English senses of "new," "pure," "eager" probably are by influence of (or from) Old French fres (fem. fresche; Modern French frais "fresh, cool"), which is from Proto-Germanic *frisko-, and thus related to the English word. The Germanic root also is the source of Italian and Spanish fresco. Related: Freshly. Fresh pursuit in law is pursuit of the wrong-doer while the crime is fresh.

fresh (adj.2)

"impudent, presumptuous," or as Century Dictionary puts it, "verdant and conceited," 1848, U.S. slang, probably from German frech "insolent, cheeky," from Old High German freh "covetous," related to Old English frec "greedy, bold" (see freak (n.2)).

new, fresh, novel, original, innovative

这些形容词均含"新的"之意。

new： 普通用词，与old相对，指最近的或创新的。

fresh： 指新鲜的、新做的，侧重创新。

novel： 侧重新事物的新奇和独特。

original： 强调独创性。

innovative： 强调富有创新和革新精神。

You feel the same emotions – it is just as raw, just as fresh… You can't turn off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

What about supply? The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Consumers, in the U.S. at least, are acting cautiously with the savings they're getting at the gas pump, as the memory of the recent great recession is still fresh in their mind.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food, the stuff that is correctly called junk ( ' , 垃圾 ) and should really carry warning labels? It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

To eat well and still save money, people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

The common prescription is to primarily shop the grocery store, since that's where fresh produce, meat and seafood, and dairy are.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

This was accomplished through the dark green packaging that not only differed from the competitors, but also suggested freshness and richness in vitamins.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that.

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

It's good to get back to some fresh air.

出自-2013年6月听力原文

They have a broader knowledge of nutrition, so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before

出自-2012年12月听力原文

Em, I always serve the freshest possible food and I make the atmosphere as comfortable and as pleasant as I can, so that my customers will want to come back.

出自-2011年6月听力原文

Decades of working over coal fires in tight, closed spaces with little fresh airto ensure his dishes would not get col had fatally damaged his lungs.

2018年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by.

2015年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand.

2016年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

There were fishermen and farmers who provided fresh food that tasted and looked like food, unlike that in today's supermarkets.

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Some scientists are examining the potential for harvesting icebergs form Antarctica, which is estimated to have the biggest reserves of fresh water on the planet.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

It is estimated that Antarctica boasts of the richest reserves of fresh water on earth.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

With the help of psychologists, there is fresh hope that we might go green after all.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Water Usage: Over the past century, human use of fresh water has increased at more than double the rate of population growth.

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

As the sea creeps into these fresh—water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐分) is hampering rice production.

2018年6月六级真题(第二套)阅读 Section C

But a look at the prices on online grocer Fresh direct suggests a grass-fed premium of anywhere from 35-60%.

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

Consumers are less concerned about safety in high-tech products than categories like fresh and processed food.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

Food, especially fresh food, falls into this category, along with perfume.

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices.

2018年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

The Mediterranean region is warm and sunny, and produces large supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables almost year round that people eat many times a day.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

with the help of psychologists, there is fresh hope that we might go green after all.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the brown's grove farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.

2015年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

2015年高考英语全国卷1 语法填空 原文

If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.

2018年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Is fresh air really good for you?

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.

2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.

2018年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air.

2015年高考英语上海卷 语法填空 A 原文

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life.

2017年高考英语全国卷3 语法填空 原文

"She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water, " he added.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.

2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文

The air was so different from the city, cool and fresh.

2019年高考英语全国卷2 听力 原文

The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

The menu is itAlian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta.

2016年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文

We need to have some fresh air.

2016年高考英语全国卷1 听力 原文

When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.

2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water.

2019年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

Is this milk fresh?

这是鲜牛奶吗？

牛津词典

fresh bread/flowers

刚出炉的面包；鲜花

牛津词典

Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.

多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜。

牛津词典

vegetables fresh from the garden

刚从菜园摘的蔬菜

牛津词典

Our chefs use only the freshest produce available.

我们的厨师只用现有最新鲜的农产品。

牛津词典

fresh tracks in the snow

雪地上的新脚印

牛津词典

Let me write it down while it's still fresh in my mind .

趁记忆犹新，我来把它写下来。

牛津词典

fresh evidence

新证据

牛津词典

I think it's time we tried a fresh approach.

我认为是尝试新方法的时候了。

牛津词典

a fresh coat of paint

刚涂的一层油漆

牛津词典

Outside the breeze was fresh and from the north.

外面凉飕飕的微风从北面吹来。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a semi-circular mosaic, its startling colours still fresh.

令人惊叹的颜色依旧鲜艳的半圆形镶嵌画

柯林斯高阶英语词典

His fresh complexion made him look younger than he was.

他的好气色令他看上去比实际年龄年轻。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It's vital we are as fresh as possible for those matches...

尽可能保持旺盛的精力参加那几场比赛对我们来说至关重要。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I nearly always wake up fresh and rested.

我几乎每天醒来都精神抖擞，得到了充分休息。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I returned to the office, fresh from Heathrow...

我刚从希思罗机场回到办公室。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Fresh from their semi-final win over Germany, Britain took a promising early lead...

刚刚在半决赛中战胜德国队的英国队开场便取得了领先，形势一片大好。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

When I needed a tape to record an interview on I found I was fresh out of cassettes.

我想找一盘带子为访谈录音时发现磁带刚刚都用完了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It was a fine, fresh summer morning...

那是一个晴好而清寒的夏日早晨。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Fresh water and other commodities are in short supply.

淡水和其他商品短缺。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The air was fresh and for a moment she felt revived.

空气清新，有那么一会儿她感到恢复了活力。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Gingham fabrics always look fresh and pretty.

方格花布织物看上去总是鲜亮好看。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

These designers are full of fresh ideas.

这些设计师满脑子都是新创意。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a fresh image.

新颖的意象

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...fresh fruit.

新鲜水果

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...locally caught fresh fish.

当地捕到的鲜鱼

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He asked Strathclyde police, which carried out the original investigation, to make fresh inquiries...

他要求原来负责案子的斯特拉斯克莱德警方展开新一轮的调查。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I need a new challenge and a fresh start somewhere else.

我需要一个新的挑战，换个地方重新开始。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There were no fresh car tracks or footprints in the snow...

雪地里没有留下新的车辙或脚印。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

A puppy stepped in the fresh cement...

一只小狗踩在刚抹好的水泥面上。

柯林斯高阶英语词典