首页英语词典graingrain的意思

grain

英 [greɪn] 美[ɡren]

英英释义同义词辨析词组搭配考试真题实用场景例句

近义词finish fiber texture

n. 粮食；颗粒；[作物] 谷物；纹理
vi. 成谷粒
vt. 使成谷粒
n. (Grain)人名；(法)格兰

TEM4GRECET6CET4考研中频词核心词汇

词态变化

复数: grains;

助记提示

1. 天快下雨了，哥哥在下雨之前把谷物扫在一起并用薄膜遮住，以防被雨水淋湿。

中文词源

grain 谷物，颗粒

来自PIE*gre-no, 生长，词源同grass, corn. 后指谷物。

英英释意

1. a small hard particle;: "a grain of sand"

2. foodstuff prepared from the starchy grains of cereal grasses

3. used for pearls or diamonds: 50 mg or 1/4 carat

4. 1/60 dram; equals an avoirdupois grain or 64.799 milligrams

5. 1/7000 pound; equals a troy grain or 64.799 milligrams

6. dry seedlike fruit produced by the cereal grasses: e.g. wheat, barley, Indian corn

7. the direction or texture of fibers found in wood or leather or stone or in a woven fabric;: "saw the board across the grain"

英文词源

grain: grain: [13] Grain comes via Old French from Latin grānum ‘seed’. Its prehistoric Indo- European ancestor was *grnóm, literally ‘worndown particle’, which also produced English corn, and it has given English a remarkably wide range of related forms: not just obvious derivatives like granary [16], granule [17], and ingrained [16], but also garner [12] (originally a noun derived from Latin grānārium ‘granary’), gram ‘chick-pea’ [18] (from the Portuguese descendant of grānum, now mainly encountered in ‘gram flour’), grange, granite, gravy, grenade, and the second halves of filigree and pomegranate.
=> filigree, garner, granary, granite, gravy, grenade, ingrained, pomegranate
grain (n.): early 14c., "a small, hard seed," especially of one of the cereal plants, also as a collective singular, "seed of wheat and allied grasses used as food;" also "something resembling grain; a hard particle of other substances" (salt, sand, later gunpowder, etc.), from Old French grain, grein (12c.) "seed, grain; particle, drop; berry; grain as a unit of weight," from Latin granum "seed, a grain, small kernel," from PIE root *gre-no- "grain" (see corn (n.1)). From late 14c. as "a species of cereal plant." In the U.S., where corn has a specialized sense, it is the general word (used of wheat, rye, oats, barley, etc.).

Figuratively, "the smallest possible quantity," from late 14c. From early 15c. in English as the smallest unit of weight (originally the weight of a plump, dry grain of wheat or barley from the middle of the ear). From late 14c as "roughness of surface; a roughness as of grains." In reference to wood, "quality due to the character or arrangement of its fibers," 1560s; hence, against the grain (1650), a metaphor from carpentry: cutting across the fibers of the wood is more difficult than cutting along them.

Earliest sense of the word in English was "scarlet dye made from insects" (early 13c.), a sense also in the Old French collateral form graine; see kermes for the evolution of this sense, which was frequent in Middle English; also compare engrain. In Middle English grain also could mean "seed of flowers; pip of an apple, grape, etc.; a berry, legume, nut." Grain alcohol attested by 1854.

同义词辨析

corn, crop, grain

这些名词都有"谷物"之意。

corn：主要指大麦、小麦、燕麦、裸麦、玉蜀黍这5种谷物及其粒子。

crop：指谷物或果类等一年或一季的收成，也可指地里的农业作物或谷物。

grain：指稻、麦等谷类及其粒子。

molecule, atom, particle, speck, grain

这些名词均有"粒，微粒"之意。

molecule：指物质中保持原物质的一切化学性质，能独立存在的最小微粒，即分子。

atom：指元素的最小粒子，其体积比molecule小。

particle：指任何物质的微粒，引申指任何小的部分。

speck：一般指"微点"或"微粒"，可引申指"斑点、污点"。

grain：通常指能为肉眼清楚看到的颗粒，比上述几个词所表"粒"的体积大。

考试真题

What about supply? The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand.

Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets.

To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.

The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008—and the threat they pose to food security—has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past.

The result is falling water tables ( ' , 地下水位) in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producers—China, India and the U.S.

The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.

On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume -72- highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion ( ' , 转向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.

Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding.

Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the world's grain production.

In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies.

In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves.

During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times.

As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge.

A quarter of this year's American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.

A fourth of this year's U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.

a decrease of grain production

Nadeau notices the pre-made macaron-and-cheese boxes in Scott's shopping cart and suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese.

On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion of U.S. grain to t

The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand.

Most Americans don’t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains.

In most cases, the human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases.

Another factor is the squeeze that conventional dairy farmers have felt as the price of grain they feed their cows has gone up, tightening their profit margins.

By replacing expensive grain feed with regenerative management practices, grass-fed farmers are insulated from jumps in the price of feed.

The rest is feed-lot confined and fed grain and corn.

People believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain.

词组搭配

against the grain

contrary to the natural inclination or feeling of someone or something

格格不入，违反意愿

with a grain of salt

With reservations; skeptically

半信半疑地：有保留地；怀疑地

Take that advice with a grain of salt.
半信半疑地接受建议

实用场景例句

It really goes against the grain to have to work on a Sunday.: 星期天还得上班的确不合常情。

wood of coarse/fine grain: 质地粗 / 细的木头

to cut a piece of wood along/across the grain: 顺着纹路劈木头；横对纹路把木头拦腰截断

There isn't a grain of truth in those rumours.: 那些谣传一点也不可靠。

a grain of salt/sand/sugar: 一粒盐 / 沙 / 砂糖

a few grains of rice: 几粒大米

America's grain exports: 美国的谷物出口

Privatisation goes against the grain of their principle of opposition to private ownership of industry.: 私有化有悖于他们反对工业私有的原则。

Brush the paint generously over the wood in the direction of the grain.: 顺着木材的纹理刷上厚厚的一层漆。

There's more than a grain of truth in that.: 其中含有很深刻的道理。

...a grain of sand.: 一粒沙子

...a grain of wheat.: 一粒小麦

...rice grains.: 米粒

...a bag of grain.: 一袋谷物

...the best grains.: 优质谷物

The middle ranks include Senior Colonel, Colonel, Lieutenant Colonel, and Major.: 校级军衔包括大校、上校、中校、少校.

There is not a grain of common sense in what he has said.: 他说的话中一点常识都没有.

That is a drop of grain sacks from an aircraft to the hungry people on the island.: 那是从飞机上空投给岛上饥民的一袋袋粮食.

The chickens will peck up all the grain that you throw on the ground.: 小鸡会把你扔在地上的谷子全鹐起来吃掉.

They are dependent upon importation from foreign countries for cotton and grain.: 他们的粮、棉依赖从国外进口.

The United States tried to dispose of its grain surpluses.: 美国努力把过剩粮食处理掉.

Every family in our village has grain to spare.: 我们村没一家没余粮.

Farmers thresh grain with threshing machines.: 农民用脱粒机脱粒.

The grain store processed flour wrappers for Chinese dumplings.: 这家粮店把面粉加工成面皮供包饺子用.

The grain store holds several thousand tonnes.: 这个粮仓可以存放几千吨粮食.

Average grain output per mu has reached 1300 jin.: 平均亩产量达到了1300斤.

It goes against the grain for him to be rude to a friend.: 他对朋友粗鲁不是出于本意.

In spite of the unfavorable weather, the grain output of the farm kept up and even increased a little than last year.: 尽管天气不好, 但粮食产量并未下降,甚至比去年还略有增加.

The peasants store up the grain against famine.: 农民们贮粮备荒.

grain

词态变化

助记提示

中文词源

英英释意

英文词源

同义词辨析

考试真题

词组搭配

against the grain

with a grain of salt

实用场景例句

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