guilt
- n. 犯罪,过失;内疚
词态变化
中文词源
词源不详。可能来自guild, 付款,支付。引申义支付罚金,赎罪。
英英释意
- 1. the state of having committed an offense
- 2. remorse caused by feeling responsible for some offence
英文词源
- guilt
- guilt: [OE] Guilt is a strictly English word; no other Germanic, or indeed Indo-European language has it, and it is not clear where it came from. One theory is that, like guild and yield, it comes ultimately from Germanic *gelth- ‘pay’, and originally meant ‘debt’. This is not generally accepted, but it is notable that the German word schuld means ‘debt’ as well as ‘guilt’, with ‘debt’ being the original sense.
- guilt (n.)
- Old English gylt "crime, sin, moral defect, failure of duty," of unknown origin, though some suspect a connection to Old English gieldan "to pay for, debt," but OED editors find this "inadmissible phonologically." The -u- is an unetymological insertion. In law, "That state of a moral agent which results from his commission of a crime or an offense wilfully or by consent" [Century Dictionary], from early 14c. Then use for "sense of guilt," considered erroneous by purists, is first recorded 1680s. Guilt by association recorded by 1919.
- guilt (v.)
- "to influence someone by appealing to his sense of guiltiness," by 1995, from guilt (n.). Related: Guilted; guilting. Old English also had a verbal form, gyltan (Middle English gilt), but it was intransitive and meant "to commit an offense, act criminally."
同义词辨析
crime, sin, guilt, offence, violation
这些名词均含有"犯法,犯罪,罪恶"之意。
crime: 指严重的违法行为或罪行。
sin: 主要指违反道德原则或违反宗教戒律的过失或罪过行为。
guilt: 多用于指违反道德或社会标准的不法行为,含应予惩办之意。这种惩办是以证据为根据的。
offence: 使用广,可泛指对任何规则、道德标准、法律、纪律等的违反与触犯,其罪行可重可轻。
violation: 指违背誓言、条约、规则以及良心等,也指侵犯权利。
考试真题
- A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't? In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture.
出自-2016年6月阅读原文
- A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?
2016年6月四级真题(第三套)阅读 Section B
- Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.
2019年12月六级真题(第三套)阅读 Section C
- "There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve," says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- And vice versa: high sympathy can substitute for low guilt.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- Work by tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency.
2019年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.
2015年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
词组搭配
guilt by association
guilt ascribed to someone not because of any evidence but because of their association with an offender
共犯
实用场景例句
- Don't lay a guilt trip on your child about schoolwork.
- 别让你孩子对学业自责不迭。
牛津词典
- The investigation will try to find out where the guilt for the disaster really lies.
- 此调查将尽力查出灾难的真正责任所在。
牛津词典
- an admission of guilt
- 承认有罪
牛津词典
- His guilt was proved beyond all doubt by the prosecution.
- 他的罪行已被原告方证实确凿无疑。
牛津词典
- a guilt complex (= an exaggerated sense of guilt )
- 内疚情结
牛津词典
- Many survivors were left with a sense of guilt .
- 许多幸存者都有内疚感。
牛津词典
- She had feelings of guilt about leaving her children and going to work.
- 她因离开自己的孩子去工作而感到内疚。
牛津词典
- You weren't convinced of Mr Matthews' guilt.
- 你不相信马修斯先生有罪。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The trial is concerned only with the determination of guilt according to criminal law...
- 依照刑法规定,审判仅涉及定罪。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Some cancer patients experience strong feelings of guilt.
- 一些癌症病人懊悔不已。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Her emotions had ranged from anger to guilt in the space of a few seconds...
- 几秒钟的时间里,她经历了从愤怒到内疚的情感变化。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- What's my boy doing a Barbie?
- 我儿子干嘛玩芭比娃娃?
期刊摘选
- Guilt had been eating into his conscience for some months.
- 几个月来内疚一直折磨着他的良心.
《简明英汉词典》
- The knowledge of his guilt tormented him.
- 知道了自己的罪责使他非常痛苦.
《简明英汉词典》
- She tried to cover up her guilt by lying.
- 她企图用谎言掩饰自己的罪行.
《简明英汉词典》
- The prisoner was surprised into admitting his guilt.
- 有人使囚犯无意中承认自己有罪.
《简明英汉词典》
- I'm convinced of his guilt.
- 我确信他有罪.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He has stained the good honor of his family with the guilt of his crime.
- 他的犯罪行为玷污了他家的好名声.
《简明英汉词典》
- She was consumed with guilt.
- 她深感内疚.
《简明英汉词典》
- Her red face testified to her guilt.
- 她脸红证明她内心有愧.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He is conscious of a sense of guilt.
- 他感到内疚.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- They had conclusive evidence of her guilt.
- 他们对她的罪行有确凿的证据.
《简明英汉词典》
- Nothing can extenuate his guilt.
- 他的罪无法减轻.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- A clever lawyer can cozen the prisoner into an admission of guilt.
- 一个聪明的律师能施小计诱使囚犯承认有罪.
《简明英汉词典》
- The court absolved him of guilt in her death.
- 法庭赦免了他在她的死亡中所犯的罪.
《简明英汉词典》
- The guilt of the accused man was in doubt.
- 被告之罪有疑问.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- The new evidence establishes the suspect's guilt.
- 新证据证实了嫌疑犯有罪.
《现代英汉综合大词典》