hair

• n. 头发；毛发；些微
• vt. 除去…的毛发
• vi. 生长毛发；形成毛状纤维
• adj. 毛发的；护理毛发的；用毛发制成的

来自PIE*ghers,挺直，硬毛，词源同horror,hirsute.引申词义毛发，头发。

比喻用法。

1. dense growth of hairs covering the body or parts of it (as on the human head); helps prevent heat loss;

"he combed his hair"

2. a very small distance or space;

"they escaped by a hair's-breadth"

"they lost the election by a whisker"

3. filamentous hairlike growth on a plant;

"peach fuzz"

4. any of the cylindrical filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal;

"there is a hair in my soup"

5. cloth woven from horsehair or camelhair; used for upholstery or stiffening in garments

6. a filamentous projection or process on an organism

hair

hair: [OE] No general Indo-European term for ‘hair’ has come down to us. All the ‘hair’-words in modern European languages are descended from terms for particular types of hair – hair on the head, hair on other parts of the body, animal hair – or for single hairs or hair collectively, and indeed many retain these specialized meanings: French cheveu, for instance, means ‘hair of the head’, whereas poil denotes ‘body hair’ or ‘animal hair’.

In the case of English hair, unfortunately, it is not clear which of these categories originally applied, although some have suggested a connection with Lithuanian serys ‘brush’, which might indicate that the prehistoric ancestor of hair was a ‘bristly’ word. The furthest back in time we can trace it is to West and North Germanic *khǣram, source also of German, Dutch, and Danish haar and Swedish hår.

The slang use of hairy for ‘difficult’ is first recorded in the mid 19th century, in an erudite context that suggests that it may have been inspired by Latin horridus (source of English horrid), which originally meant (of hair) ‘standing on end’. Its current use, in which ‘difficult’ passes into ‘dangerous’, seems to have emerged in the 1960s, and was presumably based on hair-raising, which dates from around 1900.

It is fascinatingly foreshadowed by harsh, which is a derivative of hair and originally meant ‘hairy’.

hair (n.)

Old English hær "hair, a hair," from Proto-Germanic *khæran (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Norse, Old High German har, Old Frisian her, Dutch and German haar "hair"), perhaps from PIE *ghers- "to stand out, to bristle, rise to a point" (cognates: Lithuanian serys "bristle;" see horror).

Spelling influenced by Old Norse har and Old English haire "haircloth," from Old French haire, from Frankish *harja or some other Germanic source (see above). Hair-dye is from 1803. To let one's hair down "become familiar" is first recorded 1850. Homeopathic phrase hair of the dog (that bit you), remedy from the same thing that caused the malady, especially a drink on the morning after a debauch, 1540s in English, is in Pliny.

I mean, girls went around in really short skirts, and wore flowers in their hair.

出自-2017年6月听力原文

And men were in jeans, and could wear their hair long too.

出自-2017年6月听力原文

Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing? —here is a thought from Dr.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

And here's one more: We went on a campaign trip once in Italy, and my wife spent the whole time worrying about bats getting into her hair.

2017年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

For example, she would say, you'll get a spot on your tongue if you tell a lie; if you eat stale bread, your hair will curl.

2017年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murdervictims.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

He had his hair cut yesterday

出自-2014年6月听力原文

"You're what you eat and drink, and that's recorded in your hair,"said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

Basically we turned our skin darker to serve as a natural sun protector in the place of the hair we lost.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

It helps build nails, hair, bones and muscles.

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

Last year, MATTEL, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some Barbies to its line that have different skin tones and hair textures.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people's hair.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

There are now Barbies of one of 7 skin tones, 22 eye colors and 24 hair styles to choose from.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

They found that the average person's mind wandered most frequently about 65% of the time during personal activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair.

2019年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of rain systems.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

Today we have a few patches of hair remaining on various parts of our bodies.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

We think we lost this hair because of the need to keep ourselves cool when we were moving around vigorously in a hot environment.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers.

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

In those days, a brush was made from camel's hair.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

The following items are approved for use in residential rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and dvd players.

2015年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

Try a hair stylist instead of a barber.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union.

2016年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

long-haired

长发的

牛津词典

a chilling tale that will make your hair stand on end

令人毛骨悚然的故事

牛津词典

dark-haired

黑发的

牛津词典

straight/curly/wavy hair

直 / 鬈 / 波浪发

牛津词典

to comb/brush your hair

梳头

牛津词典

fair/dark hair

浅色头发；黑发

牛津词典

The rug was covered with cat hairs.

地毯上净是猫毛。

牛津词典

There's a hair in my soup.

我的汤里有根毛。

牛津词典

body/facial/pubic hair

体 / 脸 / 阴毛

牛津词典

I'm having my hair cut this afternoon.

我今天下午要去理发。

牛津词典

(informal)I'll be down in a minute. I'm doing (= brushing, arranging, etc.) my hair .

我马上就下来。我在梳头呢。

牛津词典

Don't split hairs. You know what I'm getting at.

别钻牛角尖了。你知道我指什么。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

No one seems to turn a hair at the thought of the divorced Princess marrying.

似乎没有人对离异的公主再婚感到丝毫地吃惊。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She had a lot of make-up on and not a hair out of place.

她化了浓妆，精致得让人挑不出一丝瑕疵。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

This was the kind of smile that made your hair stand on end.

这是那种让人不寒而栗的微笑。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...the world-famous Oktoberfest, a time when everyone in Munich really lets their hair down.

全球闻名的啤酒节，一个让所有身在慕尼黑的人都尽情放松的节日

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The stinging nettle has a square stem and little hairs.

荨麻长有四方茎和细小茸毛。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...dog hairs on the carpet.

地毯上的狗毛

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I am allergic to cat hair.

我对猫毛过敏。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It tickled the hairs on the back of my neck.

它挠得我后脖梗儿的绒毛直痒痒。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The majority of men have hair on their chest...

大多数男子长有胸毛。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He has black hair.

他一头乌发。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I wash my hair every night...

我每晚都洗头。

柯林斯高阶英语词典