首页英语词典holdhold的意思

hold

英 [həʊld] 美[hold]

英英释义同义词辨析词组搭配考试真题实用场景例句

近义词occupy have maintain

反义词

vt. 持有；拥有；保存；拘留；约束或控制
vi. 支持；有效；持续
n. 控制；保留
n. (Hold)人名；(英、德、捷)霍尔德
又作“Hold住”使用，中英混用词汇，表示轻松掌控全局。
[ 过去式 held 过去分词 held或holden 现在分词 holding ]

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词态变化

第三人称单数: holds;过去式: held;过去分词: held;现在分词: holding;

中文词源

hold 持，握住

来自古英语haldan,控制，抓，握，来自Proto-Germanic*haldan,保持，照看，看护，来自PIE*kel,驱动，推动，词源同accelerate,celerity.其原义看护参照behold,beholden.

英英释意

1. the act of grasping;: "he released his clasp on my arm"; "he has a strong grip for an old man"; "she kept a firm hold on the railing"

2. understanding of the nature or meaning or quality or magnitude of something;: "he has a good grasp of accounting practices"

3. power by which something or someone is affected or dominated;: "he has a hold over them"

4. time during which some action is awaited;: "instant replay caused too long a delay"; "he ordered a hold in the action"

5. a state of being confined (usually for a short time);: "his detention was politically motivated"; "the prisoner is on hold"; "he is in the custody of police"

6. a stronghold

7. a cell in a jail or prison

8. the appendage to an object that is designed to be held in order to use or move it;: "he grabbed the hammer by the handle"; "it was an old briefcase but it still had a good grip"

9. the space in a ship or aircraft for storing cargo

英文词源

hold: hold: Hold ‘grasp, clasp’ [OE] and hold ‘cargo store’ [16] are not the same word. The verb goes back to a prehistoric Germanic source which meant ‘watch, guard’. This ancestral sense is preserved in the derivative behold [OE], but the simple verb hold, together with its relatives German halten (source of English halt), Dutch houden, Swedish hålla, and Danish holde, has moved on via ‘keep’ to ‘have in the hands’. The cargo hold, on the other hand, is simply an alteration (influenced by the verb hold) of an earlier hole or holl – which was either the English word hole or a borrowing of its Dutch relative hol.
=> behold, halt; hole
hold (v.): Old English haldan (Anglian), healdan (West Saxon), "to contain, grasp; retain; foster, cherish," class VII strong verb (past tense heold, past participle healden), from Proto-Germanic *haldan (cognates: Old Saxon haldan, Old Frisian halda, Old Norse halda, Dutch houden, German halten "to hold," Gothic haldan "to tend"), originally "to keep, tend, watch over" (as cattle), later "to have." Ancestral sense is preserved in behold. The original past participle holden was replaced by held beginning 16c., but survives in some legal jargon and in beholden.

Hold back is 1530s, transitive; 1570s, intransitive; hold off is early 15c., transitive; c. 1600, intransitive; hold out is 1520s as "to stretch forth," 1580s as "to resist pressure." Hold on is early 13c. as "to maintain one's course," 1830 as "to keep one's grip on something," 1846 as an order to wait or stop. To hold (one's) tongue "be silent" is from c. 1300. To hold (one's) own is from early 14c. To hold (someone's) hand "give moral support" is from 1935. Phrase hold your horses "be patient" is from 1844. To have and to hold have been paired alliteratively since at least c. 1200, originally of marriage but also of real estate.
hold (n.2): "space in a ship below the lower deck, in which cargo is stowed," 15c. corruption in the direction of hold (v.) of Old English hol "hole" (see hole), influenced by Middle Dutch hol "hold of a ship," and Middle English hul, which originally meant both "the hold" and "the hull" of a ship (see hull). Or possibly from Old English holu "husk, pod." All from PIE *kel- "to cover, conceal."
hold (n.1): "act of holding," c. 1100; "grasp, grip," c. 1200, from Old English geheald (Anglian gehald) "keeping, custody, guard; watch, protector, guardian," from hold (v.). Meaning "place of refuge" is from c. 1200; "fortified place" is from c. 1300; "place of imprisonment" is from late 14c. Wrestling sense is from 1713. No holds barred "with all restrictions removed" is first recorded 1942 in theater jargon but is ultimately from wrestling. Telephoning sense is from c. 1964, from expression hold the line, warning that one is away from the receiver, 1912.

同义词辨析

contain, include, embrace, involve, comprehend, hold, comprise

这些动词均含有"包括，包含"之意。

contain：普通用词，所涉及的物体常常是其组成部分或内容。强调包容关系。既可指具体有形的东西，也可指抽象无形的东西。

include：普通用词，指一整体包含着各独立的部分，也指某东西包含另一东西的某一部分。

embrace：正式用词，指把某事物纳入整个之中。

involve：把包含因整体的性质决定的成分或结果。所包括的往往是无形的，不可触知的东西，多用作引申。

comprehend：正工用词，指包含在整体范围以内。

hold：常和contain换用。指能够容纳或有足够的容纳量。强调包容能力。

comprise：书面用词，暗指一个整体包括不同部分所组成，可与include交换使用。

have, hold, own, possess, keep, enjoy

这些动词均有"有，具有，持有"之意。

have：最常用词，可指任何情况下的具有，无论是物质的或精神的。

hold：指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等，暗示不让别人拿走或占有。

own不及本组的possess正式，多指所属关系，强调所有权，不管所属物是否在物主手中。

possess：较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配，强调其归属；也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。

keep：指长时间地保有，保存某物，防止别人占去，强调安全和感情上的依附。

enjoy：指享有某种权利或长处，带有欣赏或喜爱的情感。

考试真题

You may have heard some of the fashion industry horror stories: models eating tissues or cotton balls to hold off hunger, and models collapsing from hunger-induced heart attacks just seconds after they step off the runway.

The students who held a fixed mind-set, however, were concerned about looking smart with less regard for learning.

In addition, they held hard work in high regard.

I realized these different types of students not only explain their failures differently, but they also hold different theories of intelligence.

And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired—not to teach but to hold meetings—has increased significantly.

The name Healthy Choice was chosen for the positive implication it held for consumers.

But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content.

It's hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data.

The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.

The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.

Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the opposite of the Colombian gesture.

There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts.

The talks can be held any day except this Friday.

But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote.

I realized these different types of students not only explain their failures differently, but they also hold different "theories" of intelligence.

The slugs can manufacture chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants that captures energy from sunlight, and hold these genes within their body.

While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in die future, 44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.

The Math Olympiad Summer Training Program is a three-week math camp held by the Mathematical Association of America that leads straight to the international championship and is free for those who make it.

The Los Angeles Math Circle, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, began in 2007 with 20 students and now has more than 250.

About 100,000 students around the country participate in the program's competition series, which culminates in a national game-show-style contest held each May.

A commonly held view in the oil industry is that the best cure for low oil prices is low oil prices.

Some Chicago teachers seem to think that they shouldn't be held accountable until poverty is solved.

As U.S.banks recovered with the help of the American government and the American taxpayer, president Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor.

We've held on to this workday structure – but thanks to our digital devices, many employees never really clock out.

The research stations on King George lsland offer a glimpse into the long game on this ice-blanketed continent as nations assert themselves, eroding the sway long held by countries like the United States, Britain, Australia and New Zealand.

Some research does suggest that these programs hold promise.

And while assessments vary widely, geologists estimate that Antarctica holds at least 36 billion barrels of oil and natural gas.

The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001 with a $20 million flight aboard a Russian spacecraft by Dennis Tito, a millionaire engineer with an adventurous streak.

Apple and other tech companies hold another ace: the technical means to keep making their devices more and more inaccessible.

As a recent report from the National Academy of Sciences highlights, these satellites hold tremendous potential for making satellite-based science more accessible than ever before.

As more journals and funders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their

In general, your attitudes will be internally consistent only when the behavior is easy, and when those around you hold similar beliefs.

In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one.

No, and he was away before I could get hold of the letter.

The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001 with a $20 million flight aboard a Russian spacecraft by Dennis tito, a millionaire engineer with an adventurous streak.

They help us take in more information, hold several ideas in mind at once and understand how different ideas relate to each other.

This can create unnecessary delays as you hold meetings trying to achieve consensus.

Yet underlying all of this is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold most of the cards in this confrontation.

A photography exhibition held by Han Media to celebrate its founding in New York city on April 24, featuring three emerging Chinese photographers; yingxi Michael Shi, Haiyin lin and liming Guan, whose works have appeared in publications such as Vogue.

A typical lion tamer in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip at a chair.

Although skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset one can hold is the heart.

Apple days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards.

As it turned out, their initial judgments often held true.

At a local school a successful charity supper has been held.

By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it.

Credibility holds the key to development.

Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds.

Hold on and let me look.

Holden cared little where Judy was buried.

How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland？

I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.

I need to prepare class notes and hold office hours.

I tried to hold off at first, I played it cool for a short while.

Larry pulled over, set the brake and got hold the fire extinguishe?

My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.

On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, "lost my job".

"Only on special occasions would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands, " Adeline says.

She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me.

Some people held a party there.

The meeting will be held in september, but nobody knows the date for sure.

The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.

Their destination is the fiery food and bbq festival which is held over a period of three days every march.

Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individual's tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.

They could hold their attention for long.

They held large concerts and performed at clubs.

They hold on to the wrong things.

To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets.

To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person.

When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion's face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.

When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.

At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.

The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.

As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net.

So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question.

On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately.

As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.

But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.

A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer.

Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents.

Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together.

Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won't last forever.

In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to hold a pen either with their teeth—thereby creating an artificial smile—or with their lips, which would produce a disappointe

In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.

Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.

It will hold another meeting soon.

So what does our deep future hold?

The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings.

The main purpose of this "clawback" rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution.

词组搭配

hold back

To retain in one's possession or control

保留，保持控制：在某人的占据或控制之下

held back valuable information; held back my tears.
保留有价值的信息；忍住眼泪

To impede the progress of.

阻止…的发展

To restrain oneself.

抑制，自制

hold down

To limit

限制

Please hold the noise down.
请限制音量

To have (a job)

有（工作）

holds down two jobs.
有两份工作

hold forth

To talk at great length.

滔滔不绝地说

hold off

To keep at a distance; resist

远离；抵制

held the creditors off.
远离债权人

To stop or delay doing something

制止或阻挠做某事

Let's hold off until we have more data.
等到有更多资料时再做

hold on

To maintain one's grip; cling.

抓住…不放；依附

To continue to do something; persist.

继续做某事；坚持

To wait for something wanted or requested, especially to keep a telephone connection open.

稍待：尤指不挂上电话以等待想要的或要求的事物

hold out

To present or proffer as something attainable.

提供，提出：提供或显示可得到的东西

To continue to be in supply or service; last

继续给予或提供；持续

Our food is holding out nicely.
我们的食物还很多

To continue to resist

继续反对

The defending garrison held out for a month.
防卫部队已坚守了一个月

To refuse to reach or satisfy an agreement.

拒绝达成或履行协议

hold over

To postpone or delay.

继续维持：处于与以前同样状态或情形

To continue a term of office past the usual length of time.

超越正常时间续任

To prolong the engagement of

延长…的期限

The film was held over for weeks.
电影又继续放了几星期

hold to

To remain loyal or faithful to

对…忠诚或忠实

She held to her resolutions.
她很忠于自己的决定

hold up

To obstruct or delay.

阻挠或延迟

To rob while armed, often at gunpoint.

通常用枪威胁以抢劫

To offer or present as an example

作为例子提供或展示

held the essay up as a model for the students.
把这篇论文给学生作范例

To continue to function without losing force or effectiveness; cope

制衡，应付：仍然有效或不失力量地继续下去；应付

managed to hold up under the daily stress.
想办法应付每天的生活压力

hold with

To agree with; support

同意；支持

I don't hold with your theories.
我不同意你的理论

be left holding the baby (或美bag)

(informal)be left with an unwelcome responsibility, typically without warning

(非正式)（尤指没有警告）被加一项责任

don't hold your breath

hold someone/thing at bay

hold one's breath

实用场景例句

He did not hold a firearm certificate...: 他没有持枪许可。

Applicants should normally hold a good Honours degree...: 申请人通常应该拥有优秀荣誉学位。

I'd seen it before in people who held immense power.: 我以前曾在掌握大权的人身上看到过这种情况。

She has never held ministerial office...: 她从未担任过部长级职务。

It held more mystery than even the darkest jungle...: 它甚至比最黑暗的丛林还更令人感到神秘。

Death doesn't hold any fear for me...: 死亡对我来说并不可怕。

He holds certain expectations about the teacher's role...: 他对教师的角色抱有某些期待。

He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own...: 他对自己的观点坚定不移，而这些观点通常和我的相左。

I thought the car held the road really well.: 我认为这辆车抓地性能真的非常好。

...but you had to be able to hold your liquor.: 但你得能喝酒才行。

One CD-ROM disk can hold over 100,000 pages of text.: 一张光盘可以存储十多万多页的文字资料。

The small bottles don't seem to hold much...: 这些小瓶子好像装不下多少。

We have reviewed the data that we hold for the area.: 我们已经审核过为该地区保存的数据了。

The Small Firms Service holds an enormous amount of information on any business problem...: 小型企业服务处备有关于各种商务问题的海量信息。

A fire had been reported in the cargo hold.: 行李舱内报称起火了。

...the large cardboard and wooden cases used to hold my new appliances.: 用来装我新买的家用电器的几个大的纸箱和木箱

Two knife racks hold her favourite knives.: 两个刀架上存放着她最心爱的刀具。

They used steel pins to hold everything in place.: 他们用钢钉将所有东西都固定住。

...the wooden wedge which held the heavy door open...: 卡住沉重的门不让它关上的木楔

He walked at a rapid pace with his back straight and his head held erect.: 他昂首挺胸地快步而行。

Hold your hands in front of your face...: 把双手举在面前。

Soon she was crying bitterly about the pain and was holding her throat.: 很快她痛得大哭起来，同时用手捂着自己的喉咙。

...use of an unauthorized hold on a handcuffed suspect.: 对戴手铐的嫌疑犯使用非法的擒拿方式

I'd got two nurses holding me down.: 两名护士按着我不让我乱动。

He then held the man in an armlock until police arrived...: 然后他反扭住那名男子的手臂让他动弹不得，直到警察赶到。

If only he would hold her close to him.: 要是他能将她拥入怀中就好了。

A doctor and a nurse caught hold of his arms...: 一名医生和一名护士抓住了他的双臂。

I was woken up by someone grabbing hold of my sleeping bag...: 有人猛地抓住了我的睡袋，把我惊醒了。

She is holding her journal and a pen...: 她手里拿着日记和一支笔。

Hold the knife at an angle...: 斜握住刀。