insult
英 [ɪn'sʌlt]
美[ɪn'sʌlt]
- vt. 侮辱；辱骂；损害
- n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼
词态变化
复数: insults;第三人称单数: insults;过去式: insulted;过去分词: insulted;现在分词: insulting;
助记提示
sal-在词源上的意思是“盐”，古时候盐曾经被用作货币，所以有salary一词，就是以盐作为薪水。
英语中的成语“worth one's salt" 就是”称职”，意思是对得起自己的工资。
此外，盐是从海里来的，sal-也指海水.
表示“跳”的那个sal-来自sul-,如result就是“跳回来”，引申为“反馈，反弹回来”，所以就是“结果”。
可谓就是“种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆”。
同样，consult就是“跳到一起”，所谓的“协商，咨询”；
insult的意思是“朝里扑，跳进去”，后来引申为“刺激，侮辱”。
这些在词源上都是有据可查的。
英语中的成语“worth one's salt" 就是”称职”，意思是对得起自己的工资。
此外，盐是从海里来的，sal-也指海水.
表示“跳”的那个sal-来自sul-,如result就是“跳回来”，引申为“反馈，反弹回来”，所以就是“结果”。
可谓就是“种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆”。
同样，consult就是“跳到一起”，所谓的“协商，咨询”；
insult的意思是“朝里扑，跳进去”，后来引申为“刺激，侮辱”。
这些在词源上都是有据可查的。
中文词源
insult 侮辱，冒犯
in-,进入，使，-sul,跳，词salient,salmon.即跳起来打，后用于指语言侮辱，侵犯，冒犯。
英英释意
- 1. a rude expression intended to offend or hurt;
- "when a student made a stupid mistake he spared them no abuse"
- "they yelled insults at the visiting team"
- 2. a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of an affront;
- "turning his back on me was a deliberate insult"
英文词源
- insult
- insult: [16] The -sult of insult comes from a word that meant ‘jump’. Its source was Latin insultāre ‘jump on’, a compound verb based on saltāre ‘jump’. This was a derivative of salīre ‘jump’, source in one way or another of English assail, assault, desultory, salacious, and salient. Old French took insultāre over as insulter and used it for ‘triumph over in an arrogant way’. This was how the word was originally used in English, but at the beginning of the 17th century the now familiar sense ‘abuse’ (which had actually developed first in the Latin verb) was introduced.
=> assail, assault, desultory, salacious, salient - insult (v.)
- 1560s, "triumph over in an arrogant way," from Middle French insulter (14c.) and directly from Latin insultare "to assail, to leap upon" (already used by Cicero in sense of "insult, scoff at, revile"), frequentative of insilire "leap at or upon," from in- "on, at" (see in- (2)) + salire "to leap" (see salient (adj.)). Sense of "to verbally abuse, affront, assail with disrespect" is from 1610s. Related: Insulted; insulting.
- insult (n.)
- c. 1600 in the sense of "attack;" 1670s as "an act of insulting," from Middle French insult (14c.) or directly from Late Latin insultus, from insilire (see insult (v.)). To add insult to injury translates Latin injuriae contumeliam addere.
同义词辨析
offend, insult
这两个动词均含"得罪或激怒某人"之意。
offend： 普通用词，指一般地伤害他人感情，使其不愉快。
insult： 语气强，指肆无忌惮地侮辱，使其难堪或羞愧。
考试真题
- In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
出自-2011年12月听力原文
- That's an insult to students.
出自-2016年6月阅读原文
- In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
出自-2011年12月听力原文
词组搭配
add insult to injury
act in a way that makes a bad or displeasing situation worse
伤害之外又加侮辱；雪上加霜
实用场景例句
- She spat the name out like an insult.
- 她像骂人似的说出了那个名字。
柯林斯例句
- Forgive me, I don't mean to insult you.
- 请原谅，我并非有意侮辱你。
柯林斯例句
- He felt the smart of their insult for many days.
- 他受到他们的侮辱后好多天都感到难受.
《简明英汉词典》
- He was still steaming over the insult he had received.
- 他仍在为他所受的侮辱发怒.
《简明英汉词典》
- You will insult her if you don't go to her party.
- 你要是不去参加她举办的聚会,就对她太无礼了.
《简明英汉词典》
- The insult made him go mad as a March hare.
- 这种侮辱把他给气疯了.
《简明英汉词典》
- To call a brave man a coward is an insult.
- 把勇士称为懦夫是一种侮辱.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- His insult really put me on my ear.
- 他的侮辱确实使我恼火.
《简明英汉词典》
- The insult rankled in his mind.
- 这种侮辱使他心里难受.
《简明英汉词典》
- I can't sit down with that insult.
- 我不能忍受那种侮辱.
《简明英汉词典》
- The insult drove him out of his senses.
- 这种侮辱使他气得发疯.
《简明英汉词典》
- She was enraged at his insult.
- 她被他的侮辱激怒了.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He was roused to anger by the insult.
- 他由于受到侮辱而被激怒.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- His insult was intentional.
- 他的侮辱是有意的.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- They would not stomach such an insult.
- 他们不会忍受这样的侮辱.
《现代英汉综合大词典》