language

• n. 语言；语言文字；表达能力

来自拉丁语lingua,舌头，语言，词源同tongue,linguist.

1. a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols;

"he taught foreign languages"

"the language introduced is standard throughout the text"

"the speed with which a program can be executed depends on the language in which it is written"

2. (language) communication by word of mouth;

"his speech was garbled"

"he uttered harsh language"

"he recorded the spoken language of the streets"

3. a system of words used in a particular discipline;

"legal terminology"

"the language of sociology"

4. the cognitive processes involved in producing and understanding linguistic communication;

"he didn't have the language to express his feelings"

5. the mental faculty or power of vocal communication;

"language sets homo sapiens apart from all other animals"

6. the text of a popular song or musical-comedy number;

"his compositions always started with the lyrics"

"he wrote both words and music"

"the song uses colloquial language"

language

language: [13] Like English tongue, Latin lingua ‘tongue’ was used figuratively for ‘language’; from it English gets linguist [16] and linguistic [19]. In the Vulgar Latin spoken by the inhabitants of Gaul, the derivative *linguāticum emerged, and this became in due course Old French langage, source of English language. (The u in the English word, which goes back to the end of the 13th century, is due to association with French langue ‘tongue’.)
=> linguistic

language (n.)

late 13c., langage "words, what is said, conversation, talk," from Old French langage (12c.), from Vulgar Latin *linguaticum, from Latin lingua "tongue," also "speech, language" (see lingual). The form with -u- developed in Anglo-French. Meaning "a language" is from c. 1300, also used in Middle English of dialects:

Mercii, þat beeþ men of myddel Engelond[,] vnderstondeþ bettre þe side langages, norþerne and souþerne, þan norþerne and souþerne vnderstondeþ eiþer oþer. [John of Trevisa, translation of Bartholomew de Glanville's "De proprietatibus rerum," 1398]

---

In oþir inglis was it drawin, And turnid ic haue it til ur awin Language of the norþin lede, Þat can na noþir inglis rede. ["Cursor Mundi," early 14c.]

Language barrier attested from 1933.

word, vocabulary, language, term, lexicon

这些名词均有"文字，词，语言"之意。

word： 普通用词，指语言的最小单位的单词、字，也可指话、整句话或一段话。

vocabulary： 集合名词，指词汇、语汇或词汇量。

language： 普通用词，指国家、民族或种族内部使用，已经系统化的语言。

term： 指有特定意义的词，词语或术语。

lexicon： 指某种语言、某人或某一知识领域的全部词汇。

Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Leo, why do you say English will become the world language? Hello, yes? No one knows for sure just how old kites are.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

Ifyou can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know thecountry and its people.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

I have learned many languages, but I’ve not mastered them the way the professional interpreter or translator has.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

She could improve her foreign languages.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

He has solved the mystery of language.

出自-2010年6月听力原文

He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists – and he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately

出自-2010年6月听力原文

Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language use.

2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.

2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

hi, Leo, why do you say English will become the world language?

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

If you can speak the language, it's easier to get to know the country and its people.

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Many students find English a difficult language to learn.

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression.

2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

We need more funding and more effort to return these languages to everyday use, says Fred Nowuski of the National Museum of the American Indian, We are making progress but money needs to be spent on revitalising languages, not just documenting them.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

The US has already lost more than a third of the native languages that existed before European colonisation, and the remaining 192 are classed by UNESCO as ranging between unsafe and extinct.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

a basis for explaining human genetic diversityan aid to understanding different populationsan explanation for social and cultural differencesa term to describe individual human characteristicsmodern genetics research is likely to fuel racial conflictsrace is a poorly defined marker of human genetic diversityrace as a biological term can explain human genetic diversitygenetics research should consider social and cultural variablesit is absolutely necessary to put race aside in making diagnosisit is important to include social variables in genetics researchracial categories for genetic diversity could lead to wrong clinical predictionsdiscrimination against black people may cause negligence in clinical treatmentThey be more precise with the language they use.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

So what other variables could be used if the racial concept is thrown out? Yudell said scientists need to get more specific with their language, perhaps using terms like ancestry or population that might more precisely reflect the relationship between humans and their genes, on both the individual and population level.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Although, over the years, Barbies had more than 180 different careers, including football coach, sign language teacher, ambassador, president and astronaut, her body shape hasn't changed much.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

Another challenge to language survival is television.

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

But I think your profession is sometimes underrated, and many people think anyone who speaks more than one language can do it.

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

But when our diverse team of researchers from six different disciplines and eight different countries began to review what was known, we were shocked that only a dozen previous studies had been done, including one we ourselves completed on language divers

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Even within the tropics, language diversity varies widely.

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practising French on a language exchange can fire children's passions, boost their skills and open their eyes to life's possibilities.

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

simultaneous interpreting, putting someone's words into another language more or less as they speak, sounds to me like the more difficult.

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

The East African language of kiswahili was chosen as the official language of Kwanzaa, because it is a non-tribal language, spoken by a large portion of the African population.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

The Navajos created the code in their own language.

2018年6月六级真题(第二套)听力 Section B

They hypothesize that language diversity must be about history cultural differences, mountains or oceans dividing populations.

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions.

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

To her, it meant moving confidently around the court room, using convincing body language, and projecting her voice so it could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door.

2017年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

Turning every single word into the target language would put too much strain on the interpreter and slow down the whole process too much.

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing in language that is convincing and understandable to the public.

2016年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

Yet the residents of each village speak a completely different language.

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

You have to wait for the speaker to deliver quite a chunk of language before you then put it into the second language, which puts your short-term memory under intense stress.

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

Yudell said scientists need to get more specific with their language, perhaps using terms like "ancestry"or "population" that might more precisely reflect the relationship between humans and their genes, on both the individual and population level.

2016年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

"Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom, " says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of children.

2014年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Already well over 400 of the total of 6, 800 languages are close to extinction, with only a few elderly speakers left.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

At present, the world has about 6800 languages.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Before starting their programme, students are expected to take a language test.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 题设

Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance.

2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.

2015年高考英语浙江卷 单项填空 原文

Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.

2014年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

Children may learn the rules of language by repeating their own experiments.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 题设

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning, spelling, and usage of familiar words.

2015年高考英语湖南卷 任务型读写 原文

Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1000; Africa 2400; and asia and the pacific perhaps 3200, of which papua new guinea alone accounts for well over 800.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world.

2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

How many languages are spoken by less than 6000 people at present?

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 题设

Human development results in fewer languages.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

I myself went through this searching process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better: I discovered asl-American sign language.

2017年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.

2017年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

I'm going to do a one-month course at a language school and spend the rest of the time traveling.

2017年高考英语全国卷1 听力 原文

I'm still having a hard time with the language.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 听力 原文

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations—UNESCO and national geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

In any language, some letters are used more than others.

2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 选项

In fact, half of the 6, 000-7, 000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization UNESCO.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

In order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.

2015年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.

2015年高考英语福建卷 单项填空 原文

It was written in simple language.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读A 选项

Italians always "see me as a foreigner," an outsider, even though she's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Italy is the latest western European country trying to control a growing immigrant population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

It's a bit like reading a foreign language.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Learning english as a second language can be a painful experience.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Many scholars are making efforts to rescue disappearing languages.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 题设

Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the himalayas, is following in that tradition.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

One of the benefits mentioned in, the advertisement is a discount on any course at tanya language school.

2015年高考英语福建卷 阅读理解 阅读C 题设

Others say it's only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Our intensive course builds on our standard course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning see table below.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

Our standard course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

People's lifestyles are reflected in fewer languages.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

Regardless of your choice of course, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

She enjoys learning the itAlian language.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Some language experts believe that 10000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 1200 languages between them.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Some people worry that the new language requirement may cause conflicts among people.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 题设

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way---that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Students are placed into classes according to their current language skills.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

That is where our foreign language section is.

2015年高考英语北京卷 听力 原文

The books are in every language — new books, ancient books, even a book on the history of iraq that is seven hundred years old.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 完形填空 原文

The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.

2016年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文

The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The habima is the centre of hebrew-language theatre worldwide, founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s, since 1958, they have been recognised as the National Theatre of Israel.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

The language in their contracts is usually harder to understand.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

The latest edition: reflecting English as a dynamic language.

2015年高考英语湖南卷 任务型读写 题设

The majority of them take on online language test before starting their programme.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The spoken languages were enough in all my interactions.

2017年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

The university started some new language programs to cater for the country's Silk Road economic belt.

2015年高考英语江苏卷 单项填空 原文

They were going to take a course at the ABC language school in bournemouth where Harvold works as a teacher.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 完形填空 原文

Welcome to the electronic village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.

2015年高考英语安徽卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student.

2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, he became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality identifying traits ( ' , particularly in word order) shared by many language which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who suggested that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in language.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lire age-specific and not governed by universals.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals might all be considered forms of sexual selection, perhaps the world’s languages, music, social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language, which is why children can learn it so quickly.

出自-2012年考研翻译原文

The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

出自-2014年考研阅读原文

Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures ( ' , so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.

出自-2015年考研阅读原文

Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom“.

出自-2015年考研阅读原文

The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

Alongside that,many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

出自-2017年考研翻译原文

But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.

2016年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market.

2016年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

the Japanese language

日语

牛津词典

It takes a long time to learn to speak a language well.

学会说好一种语言需要花很长的时间。

牛津词典

Italian is my first language .

意大利语是我的母语。

牛津词典

All the children must learn a foreign language .

所有的儿童必须学一门外语。

牛津词典

She has a good command of the Spanish language .

她精通西班牙语。

牛津词典

a qualification in language teaching

语言教学的资格

牛津词典

They fell in love in spite of the language barrier (= the difficulty of communicating when people speak different languages) .

尽管有语言障碍，他们还是相爱了。

牛津词典

Why study Latin? It's a dead language (= no longer spoken by anyone) .

为什么学拉丁语？它已经不再有人说了。

牛津词典

Is English an official language in your country?

英语在你们国家是官方语言吗？

牛津词典

theories about the origins of language

有关语言起源的理论

牛津词典

a study of language acquisition in two-year-olds

对两岁儿童语言习得的研究

牛津词典

bad/foul/strong language (= words that people may consider offensive)

脏 / 粗 / 骂人话

牛津词典

literary/poetic language

文学 / 诗歌语言

牛津词典

the language of the legal profession

法律专业用语

牛津词典

Give your instructions in everyday language.

用通俗的语言发布指令。

牛津词典

the language of mime

哑剧的手势语

牛津词典

the language of dolphins/bees

海豚 / 蜜蜂的交流方式

牛津词典

a programming language

程序设计语言

牛津词典

Watch your language, young man!

年轻人，注意你的言谈！

牛津词典

...the English language...

英语

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Students are expected to master a second language...

学生们要掌握一门外语。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Students examined how children acquire language...

学生们仔细研究儿童如何习得语言。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Language is not art but both are forms of human behavior.

言语不是艺术，但两者都是人类的行为方式。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...the language of business.

商业用语

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Television companies tend to censor bad language in feature films...

电视公司往往会在审查故事片时删去其中的粗话。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There's a girl gonna be in the club, so you guys watch your language.

俱乐部里会有一位女孩，你们男的说话注意点。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a booklet summarising it in plain language...

以平实语言对其作出概述的小册子

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The tone of his language was diplomatic and polite...

他说话圆通得体、彬彬有礼。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Some sign languages are very sophisticated means of communication.

有些手语可以表达非常复杂的内容。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...the digital language of computers.

计算机的数字语言

柯林斯高阶英语词典