首页英语词典liberalliberal的意思

liberal

英 ['lɪb(ə)r(ə)l] 美['lɪbərəl]

英英释义考试真题实用场景例句

近义词extravagant broad-minded extensive unselfish abundant plentiful ample lavish generous tolerant

反义词

adj. 自由主义的；慷慨的；不拘泥的；宽大的
n. 自由主义者
n. (Liberal)人名；(葡)利贝拉尔

CET4TEM4IELTS考研TOEFLCET6中高频词核心词汇

词态变化

复数: liberals;比较级: more liberal;最高级: most liberal;副词: liberally;

中文词源

liberal 自由的

来自PIE*leu-dhero,来自*leu,人民，自由人，词源同eleutherian,自由人的，-dhero,工具格后缀，引申词义自由的，开明的，大方的，无私的，高贵的。现主要用于自由的，词义演变比较frank.

英英释意

1. a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties

2. a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets

英文词源

liberal: liberal: [14] The Latin word for ‘free’ was līber. It came from the same prehistoric source as Greek eleútheros ‘free’, which may have denoted ‘people, nation’ (in which case the underlying etymological meaning of the word would be ‘being a member of the (free) people’, as opposed to ‘being a slave’). From līber was derived līberālis ‘of freedom’, which passed into English via Old French liberal.

Its earliest English meanings were ‘generous’ and ‘appropriate to the cultural pursuits of a ‘free’ man’ (as in ‘the liberal arts’). The connotations of ‘tolerance’ and ‘lack of prejudice’ did not emerge until the 18th century, and the word’s use as a designation of a particular political party in Britain dates from the early 19th century. Also from Latin līber come English libertine [14] and liberty [14].
=> libertine, liberty
liberal (adj.): mid-14c., "generous," also, late 14c., "selfless; noble, nobly born; abundant," and, early 15c., in a bad sense "extravagant, unrestrained," from Old French liberal "befitting free men, noble, generous, willing, zealous" (12c.), from Latin liberalis "noble, gracious, munificent, generous," literally "of freedom, pertaining to or befitting a free man," from liber "free, unrestricted, unimpeded; unbridled, unchecked, licentious," from PIE *leudh-ero-, probably originally "belonging to the people" (though the precise semantic development is obscure; compare frank (adj.)), and a suffixed form of the base *leudh- "people" (cognates: Old Church Slavonic ljudu, Lithuanian liaudis, Old English leod, German Leute "nation, people;" Old High German liut "person, people").

With the meaning "free from restraint in speech or action," liberal was used 16c.-17c. as a term of reproach. It revived in a positive sense in the Enlightenment, with a meaning "free from prejudice, tolerant," which emerged 1776-88.

In reference to education, explained by Fowler as "the education designed for a gentleman (Latin liber a free man) & ... opposed on the one hand to technical or professional or any special training, & on the other to education that stops short before manhood is reached" (see liberal arts). Purely in reference to political opinion, "tending in favor of freedom and democracy" it dates from c. 1801, from French libéral, originally applied in English by its opponents (often in French form and with suggestions of foreign lawlessness) to the party favorable to individual political freedoms. But also (especially in U.S. politics) tending to mean "favorable to government action to effect social change," which seems at times to draw more from the religious sense of "free from prejudice in favor of traditional opinions and established institutions" (and thus open to new ideas and plans of reform), which dates from 1823.
Conservative, n. A statesman who is enamored of existing evils, as distinguished from the Liberal, who wishes to replace them with others. [Ambrose Bierce, "Devil's Dictionary," 1911]
liberal (n.): 1820, "member of the Liberal party of Great Britain," from liberal (adj.). Used early 20c. of less dogmatic Christian churches; in reference to a political ideology not conservative or fascist but short of socialism, from c. 1920.
This is the attitude of mind which has come to be known as liberal. It implies vigorous convictions, tolerance for the opinions of others, and a persistent desire for sound progress. It is a method of approach which has played a notable and constructive part in our history, and which merits a thorough trial today in the attack on our absorbingly interesting American task. [Guy Emerson, "The New Frontier," 1920]

考试真题

The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn't an either/or proposition(命题),although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM（science, technology, engineering, maths）-related fields can make it seem that way.

The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life

Simultaneously, the liberal arts become more important than ever.

Learning to express ideas well in both writing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college

Students majoring in liberal arts usually have difficulty securing a job.

What does the author think a liberal arts college should focus on

Within just the past five years, I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, anything goes mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.

Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%.

The prestige of its liberal arts programs

A new study from the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE) at Tufts University shows that today's youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for American Progress adds that increasing numbers of young voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes.

The young generation supports traditionally liberal causes

within just the past five years, I have noticed parents returning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, "anything goes" mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20th century.

One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools.

Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non- specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.

Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun.

“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ( ' , AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.

Unfortunately, despite years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities.

Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas —such as free markets, self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.

The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.

The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education.

Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left- liberal propaganda.

Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

The Liberal Democrats are silent.

"The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.

At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area.

Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive, " or left- liberal propaganda.

The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don't know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.

Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas — such as free markets, self-reliance — as falling outside th

Unfortunately, despite 2.5 years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities.

实用场景例句

liberal attitudes/views/opinions: 开明的态度 / 观点 / 意见

Some politicians want more liberal trade relations with Europe.: 有些政治家想与欧洲大陆建立更加自由的贸易关系。

liberal democracy: 自由民主

liberal theories: 自由主义的理论

a liberal politician: 支持改革的政治家

She is very liberal with her money.: 她用钱很大方。

I think Sam is too liberal with his criticism (= he criticizes people too much) .: 我认为萨姆太爱批评人。

a liberal education: 人文教育

a liberal translation of the text: 不拘泥于原文的翻译

a liberal interpretation of the law: 对法律的灵活解释

Apply the cream liberally.: 抹上大量的奶油。

The word ‘original ’ is liberally interpreted in copyright law.: original一词在版权法中解释很灵活。

Reform is popular with middle-class liberals.: 改革受到了中产阶级支持变革者的普遍欢迎。

She is known to have liberal views on divorce and contraception.: 众所周知，她在离婚与避孕方面思想很开明。

...a liberal democracy with a multiparty political system...: 多党政制的自由民主国家

They favour liberal free-market policies.: 他们支持开放的自由市场政策。

The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.: 自由党领袖已宣布该党退出执政联盟。

As always he is liberal with his jokes...: 像平时一样，他出口就是笑话。

She made liberal use of her elder sister's make-up and clothes.: 她随便把姐姐的化妆品和衣服拿来用。

Please contact the account manager for the recharge of prepayment.: 客户如需再增值预缴服务费,请与商务顾问联系.

The Liberal Bloc voted for the tax increase.: 开明集团投票赞成增税.

This country adopts a liberal foreign policy.: 该国采用的是开放的外交政策.

More and more people are inclined towards the Liberal Party as they become disenchanted with the two main parties that have governed the country for half a century.: 人们对统治这个国家达半个世纪之久的两大政党不再抱有幻想,愈来愈多的人倾向于自由党.

The vile person shall be no more called liberal , nor the churl said to be bountiful.: 愚顽人不再称为高明、吝啬人不再称为大方.

He has a liberal attitude to divorce and remarriage.: 他对离婚和再婚看得很开.

The speaker lashed into Liberal government.: 发言人猛烈抨击自由党政府.

liberal

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