lurch

• n. 突然倾斜；蹒跚；挫折
• vi. 倾斜；蹒跚
• vt. 击败
• n. (Lurch)人名；(德)卢尔希

来自中古英语lurch,一种棋盘游戏，来自luren,等待，潜藏，埋伏，词源同lour,lurk.比较poke.

词源不详，航海术语，用来指船在风浪中剧烈摇晃并倾斜，可能来自lurch,困境，危险。

1. an unsteady uneven gait

2. a decisive defeat in a game (especially in cribbage)

3. abrupt up-and-down motion (as caused by a ship or other conveyance);

"the pitching and tossing was quite exciting"

4. the act of moving forward suddenly

lurch

lurch: English has two words lurch, both with rather obscure histories. The verb, ‘stagger’ [19], appears to come from an earlier lee-lurch, which in turn may have been an alteration of an 18th-century nautical term lee-latch, denoting ‘drifting to leeward’. The latch element may have come from French lâcher ‘let go’. The lurch of leave someone in the lurch [16] originated as a term in backgammon, denoting a ‘defeat’, ‘low score’, or ‘position of disadvantage’. It was borrowed from French lourche, which probably goes back to Middle High German lurz ‘left’, hence ‘wrong’, ‘defeat’.

lurch (n.1)

"sudden pitch to one side," 1784, from earlier lee-larches (1765), a nautical term for "the sudden roll which a ship makes to lee-ward in a high sea, when a large wave strikes her, and bears her weather-side violently up, which depresses the other in proportion" ["Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences," London 1765]; perhaps from French lacher "to let go," from Latin laxus (see lax).

When a Ship is brought by the Lee, it is commonly occaſsioned by a large Sea, and by the Neglect of the Helm's-man. When the Wind is two or three Points on the Quarter, the Ship taking a Lurch, brings the Wind on the other Side, and lays the Sails all dead to the Maſt; as the Yards are braced up, ſhe then having no Way, and the Helm being of no Service, I would therefore brace about the Head ſails ſharp the other Way .... [John Hamilton Moore, Practical Navigator, 8th ed., 1784]

lurch (n.2)

"predicament," 1580s, from Middle English lurch (v.) "to beat in a game of skill (often by a great many points)," mid-14c., probably literally "to make a complete victory in lorche," a game akin to backgammon, from Old French lourche. The game name is perhaps related to Middle English lurken, lorken "to lie hidden, lie in ambush," or it may be adopted into French from Middle High German lurz "left," also "wrong."

lurch (v.)

1821, from lurch (n.1). Related: Lurched; lurching.

Suddenly the horse lurched to one side and the child fell off.

马突然歪向一边，小孩就摔了下来。

牛津词典

The man lurched drunkenly out of the pub.

那男人醉醺醺地踉跄着走出了酒吧。

牛津词典

(figurative)Their relationship seems to lurch from one crisis to the next.

他们的关系好像坎坷不平，危机不断。

牛津词典

The train gave a violent lurch.

火车突然向前猛动了一下。

牛津词典

His heart gave a lurch when he saw her.

他见到她时心怦然一跳。

牛津词典

As the car sped over a pothole she lurched forward...

车子飞驶过一个坑洼时，她身子猛地向前一倾。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Henry looked, stared, and lurched to his feet...

亨利看了一眼，顿时瞪大了眼睛，然后突然猛地一下站了起来。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The state government has lurched from one budget crisis to another...

州政府陷入一个又一个的预算危机。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The first round of multilateral trade talks has lurched between hope and despair.

首轮多边贸易谈判在希望与绝望间来回摇摆。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

You wouldn't leave an old friend in the lurch, surely?

你总不会对老朋友见死不救吧？

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The unfortunate natives were left in the lurch.

倒霉的当地人就在危险时被舍弃不顾了.

辞典例句

The plane is shudder and lurch in the most terrifying manner.

飞机在震颤摇晃,其样子极为怕人.

期刊摘选

Tom quit his job, leaving his boss in the lurch.

汤姆辞职, 弃老板于艰难中而不顾.

期刊摘选

He got what he wanted and left me in the lurch as a scapegoat.

他倒称心如意了,却叫我一人背黑锅.

期刊摘选

Earthquake, the enemy of human happiness, is always lying at lurch.

地震, 这个人类幸福的大敌, 总是伺机作恶.

期刊摘选

The enemy of human happiness is always lying at lurch.

人类幸福的大敌总是伺机进行破坏的.

期刊摘选

Higher unemployment and rising bankruptcies could easily cause a vicious new downward lurch.

高失业率和不断增长倒闭率将会把美国经济引向下一个低潮.

期刊摘选

George quitted his job, leaving his boss in the lurch.

乔治辞职了, 使他的老板陷入困境.

期刊摘选

They will not leave you in the lurch.

他们不会在你有困难时袖手旁观的.

期刊摘选

The boat gave a lurch sideways towards the rocks.

小船突然向礁石一边倾侧.

期刊摘选

But with one small lurch he could break it.

可是只消鱼稍微歪一歪,就能把钓索绷断.

英汉文学 - 老人与海

Poor Sylvia got left in the lurch.

可怜的西而维亚在危难中被人遗弃了.

期刊摘选

Street, Hollywood and Detrait are also left in the lurch.

同样也陷于困境的有华尔街, 好莱坞和底特律.

期刊摘选

The ship gave a lurch to starboard.

船的右舷突然侧倾.

《简明英汉词典》

Their pitchers lurch suddenly, and water spills when they reach this spot.

她们的水瓶忽然倾倒, 水倒出来了,当她们走到这地点的时候.

期刊摘选

Oh, Mr. Fox, shouted the cat. You and your hundred tricks are left in the lurch.

快打开你的计谋口袋, 狐狸先生, 快打开呀猫冲着狐狸喊道.

期刊摘选

Also left in the lurch: Wall Street , Hollywood, and Detroit.

[结构简析]这句句子连接上文而说.

期刊摘选