offend
英 [ə'fend]
美[ə'fɛnd]
- vt. 冒犯；使…不愉快
- vi. 违反；进攻；引起不舒服
词态变化
第三人称单数: offends;过去式: offended;过去分词: offended;现在分词: offending;形容词: offended;
助记提示
1. 谐音“额犯的” => 我犯的，我冒犯的。
2. 记忆方法：恶犯——冒犯 off + end
2. 记忆方法：恶犯——冒犯 off + end
中文词源
offend 冒犯，进攻
of-,向前，朝向，-fend,攻击，词源同defend,manifest.引申词义进攻，冒犯。
英英释意
- 1. cause to feel resentment or indignation;
- "Her tactless remark offended me"
- 2. act in disregard of laws and rules;
- "offend all laws of humanity"
- "violate the basic laws or human civilization"
- "break a law"
- 3. strike with disgust or revulsion;
- "The scandalous behavior of this married woman shocked her friends"
- 4. hurt the feelings of;
- "She hurt me when she did not include me among her guests"
- "This remark really bruised me ego"
英文词源
- offend
- offend: [14] Latin offendere meant ‘strike against’. It was a compound verb formed from the prefix ob- ‘against’ and -fendere ‘hit’ (source also of English defend). Its literal sense survived into English (‘The navy is a great defence and surety of this realm in time of war, as well to offend as defend’ proclaimed an act of parliament of Henry VIII’s time), and continues to do so in the derivatives offence [14] and offensive [16], but as far as the verb is concerned only the metaphorical ‘hurt the feelings’ and ‘violate’ remain.
=> defend, fend - offend (v.)
- early 14c., "to sin against (someone)," from Old French ofendre "transgress, antagonize," and directly from Latin offendere "to hit, strike against," figuratively "to stumble, commit a fault, displease, trespass against, provoke," from ob "against" (see ob-) + -fendere "to strike" (found only in compounds; see defend).
Meaning "to violate (a law), to make a moral false step, to commit a crime" is from late 14c. Meaning "to wound the feelings" is from late 14c. The literal sense of "to attack, assail" is attested from late 14c.; this has been lost in Modern English, but is preserved in offense and offensive. Related: Offended; offending.
同义词辨析
offend, insult
这两个动词均含"得罪或激怒某人"之意。
offend： 普通用词，指一般地伤害他人感情，使其不愉快。
insult： 语气强，指肆无忌惮地侮辱，使其难堪或羞愧。
考试真题
- He had offended his relatives.
出自-2010年6月阅读原文
- By promising not to offend the receiver again.
2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 选项
- It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either.
2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文
实用场景例句
- They'll be offended if you don't go to their wedding.
- 你若不参加他们的婚礼，他们会生气的。
牛津词典
- Neil did not mean to offend anybody with his joke .
- 尼尔开那个玩笑并非想冒犯谁。
牛津词典
- A TV interviewer must be careful not to offend.
- 电视采访者必须小心别得罪人。
牛津词典
- The smell from the farm offended some people.
- 农场散发的气味让一些人闻了不舒服。
牛津词典
- an ugly building that offends the eye
- 一座丑陋碍眼的建筑物
牛津词典
- He started offending at the age of 16.
- 他16岁就开始犯法。
牛津词典
- comments that offend against people's religious beliefs
- 有悖人民宗教信仰的评论
牛津词典
- Alice looked rather offended.
- 艾丽斯显得愤愤不已。
牛津词典
- He apologizes for his comments and says he had no intention of offending the community...
- 他为自己发表的评论道歉并称无意冒犯该社群。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The survey found almost 90 percent of people were offended by strong swearwords...
- 这项调查发现几乎90％的人都会为不堪入耳的脏话所触怒。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- This bill offends against good sense and against justice...
- 该法案有悖于理智和公正。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- In showing contempt for the heavyweight championship Douglas offended a stern code.
- 道格拉斯藐视重量级拳王称号的行为违背了严格的准则。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- In Western countries girls are far less likely to offend than boys.
- 在西方国家，女孩的犯罪倾向远低于男孩。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- She dressed down to visit her poor relatives, so as not to offend them by a show of her wealth.
- 她拜访穷亲戚时穿得比较俭朴, 以免因摆阔而伤害他们的感情.
《简明英汉词典》
- I example might do a greeting in a total different way and offend that person.
- 例如,他可能因为用了与他们完全不同的打招呼方式而得罪了那个人.
期刊摘选
- This managed to offend even Japan's staunch ally, the United States.
- 此事甚至冒犯了日本的坚定盟友美国.
期刊摘选
- They were careful not to offend his nibs.
- 他们小心翼翼,不敢冒犯这位大人.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- Monitor: how could you offend the supervisor?
- 班长: 你怎么可以这样说班主任 呢 ?
期刊摘选
- Why did you walk away from me like that? H ave I said words to offend you?
- 你为什么要那样离开我 呢 ?我说的话惹你生气了 吗 ?
《简明英汉词典》
- Faithful [ Frank ; Honest ] words offend the ear but are good for improving one's conduct.
- 忠言逆耳利于行.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Xia heart has not satisfied, but did not dare to offend the young female boss.
- 夏宁心有不服, 但也不敢得罪这位年轻的女上司.
期刊摘选
- I cannot afford to offend him.
- 我惹不起他.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- You might offend your hosts if you camp it up at the party in your usual way.
- 倘若你在晚会上像往常那样哗众取宠可能会冒犯主人.
《简明英汉词典》
- I wondered if I had said anything to offend him.
- 我不知是否我说了什么话得罪了他.
期刊摘选
- I hope I did not offend you by talking about you to John.
- 我希望我对约翰谈到你,不会冒犯你.
期刊摘选