pit

• n. 矿井；深坑；陷阱；（物体或人体表面上的）凹陷；（英国剧场的）正厅后排；正厅后排的观众
• vt. 使竞争；窖藏；使凹下；去…之核；使留疤痕
• vi. 凹陷；起凹点
• n. (Pit)人名；(东南亚国家华语)必

来自古英语pytt,水坑，井，来自Proto-Germanic*puttjaz,水坑，井，借自拉丁语puteur,水坑，井，来自PIE*peue,清洗，纯化，词源同pure,purity.引申坑，井，洞，休息区等多种词义。

来自pith 拼写变体或对词。

1. a sizeable hole (usually in the ground);

"they dug a pit to bury the body"

2. a concavity in a surface (especially an anatomical depression)

3. the hard inner (usually woody) layer of the pericarp of some fruits (as peaches or plums or cherries or olives) that contains the seed;

"you should remove the stones from prunes before cooking"

4. a trap in the form of a concealed hole

5. a surface excavation for extracting stone or slate;

"a British term for `quarry' is `stone pit'"

6. lowered area in front of a stage where an orchestra accompanies the performers

7. a workplace consisting of a coal mine plus all the buildings and equipment connected with it

pit

pit: English has two words pit. The older, ‘hole’ [OE], comes ultimately from Latin puteus ‘pit, well’ (source also of French puits ‘well, shaft’), but reached English via a Germanic route. It was borrowed in prehistoric times into West Germanic as *putti, which has evolved into German pfütze ‘pool’, Dutch put ‘pit’, and English pit. Pit ‘fruit-stone’ [19] may have been borrowed from Dutch pit, which goes back to a prehistoric West Germanic *pithan, source of English pith [OE].
=> pith

pit (n.1)

"hole, cavity," Old English pytt "water hole, well; pit, grave," from Proto-Germanic *puttjaz "pool, puddle" (cognates: Old Frisian pet, Old Saxon putti, Old Norse pyttr, Middle Dutch putte, Dutch put, Old High German pfuzza, German Pfütze "pool, puddle"), early borrowing from Latin puteus "well, pit, shaft." Meaning "abode of evil spirits, hell" is attested from early 13c. Pit of the stomach (1650s) is from the slight depression there between the ribs.

pit (v.)

mid-15c., "to put into a pit," from pit (n.1); especially for purposes of fighting (of cocks, dogs, pugilists) from 1760. Figurative sense of "to set in rivalry" is from 1754. Meaning "to make pits in" is from late 15c. Related: Pitted; pitting. Compare Pit-bull as a dog breed attested from 1922, short for pit-bull terrier (by 1912). This also is the notion behind the meaning "the part of a theater on the floor of the house" (1640s).

pit (n.2)

"hard seed," 1841, from Dutch pit "kernel, seed, marrow," from Middle Dutch pitte, ultimately from West Germanic *pithan-, source of pith (q.v.).

hole, cave, cavity, hollow, pit

这些名词均有"洞，穴"之意。

hole： 最普通用词，泛指实体上的洞、孔或坑，不涉及其大小、深浅或穿透与否。

cave： 指出洞、窑洞或溶洞，可以是天然的或人造的。

cavity比hole正式，指实体内中或表面的空洞或空腔。

hollow： 通常指表面上的坑或凹处，也指物体内部的空洞。

pit： 指天然的大洞，尤指地上的洞，也指为采掘矿物而挖的深洞。

In the second experiment meant to pit the mice's hunger against their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that had certain "fox-scented" areas and other places that smelled safer but also had food.

2018年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

While tasty, such seeds are delicate — they cannot bud and grow if they dry out as you may know if you've ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit.

2018年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

By the time Shakespeare was twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage - where they had played no part since the death of Euripides.

出自-2018年考研翻译原文

We dug a deep pit in the yard.

我们在院子中挖了个深洞。

牛津词典

The body had been dumped in a pit.

尸体被扔进了深坑。

牛津词典

a chalk/gravel pit

白垩 / 沙砾矿坑

牛津词典

pit closures

煤矿关闭

牛津词典

(British English)He went down the pit (= started work as a miner ) when he left school.

他中学一毕业就当矿工了。

牛津词典

a peach pit

桃核

牛津词典

the corn pit

玉米交易厅

牛津词典

He had a sudden sinking feeling in the pit of his stomach.

他内心深处突然有一种不祥之感。

牛津词典

The surface of the moon is pitted with craters.

月亮的表面布满陨石坑。

牛津词典

Smallpox scars had pitted his face.

他满脸是麻子。

牛津词典

pitted olives

去核橄榄

牛津词典

Lawyers and accountants felt that they were being pitted against each other.

律师和会计师都觉得他们要一争高下。

牛津词典

a chance to pit your wits against the world champions (= in a test of your intelligence)

一次与世界冠军斗智的机会

牛津词典

It was a better community then when all the pits were working.

所有的煤矿都在开工的那个时候，这个社区的情况要更好一些。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Eric lost his footing and began to slide into the pit.

埃里克一脚踩空，开始往坑里滑。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

This area of former farmland was worked as a gravel pit until 1964.

这块过去曾是农田的地1964年前一直被用作沙砾坑。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

You will be pitted against people who are every bit as good as you are...

你将和与你势均力敌的对手展开竞争。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

This was one man pitted against the universe.

这是一个人挑战整个宇宙。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He moved quickly into the pits and climbed rapidly out of the car.

他迅速进入检修加油站，飞快地爬出赛车。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Mary Ann asked him how dinner had been. 'The pits,' he replied.

玛丽·安问他晚餐怎么样，他回答说：“糟透了。”

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I'd like to pit my wits against the best.

我希望同最优秀的对手斗智。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I had a funny feeling in the pit of my stomach.

我心头有种怪怪的感觉。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Assign each entry a rating, status, and priority, and sort any journal by those values.

每个条目指定一个等级, 地位和优先事项, 并整理这些有价值的日志.

期刊摘选

Dig a pit and bury the garbage.

挖一个坑把垃圾埋掉.

《现代汉英综合大词典》

The sides of the pit fell in and buried Tom and Dick.

坑壁坍塌,把汤姆和迪克埋在里面.

《简明英汉词典》