ruin
英 ['ruːɪn]
美['ruɪn]
- n. 废墟；毁坏；灭亡
- vt. 毁灭；使破产
- vi. 破产；堕落；被毁灭
- n. (Ruin)人名；(德、意、芬)鲁因；(法)吕安
词态变化
复数: ruins;第三人称单数: ruins;过去式: ruined;过去分词: ruined;现在分词: ruining;
中文词源
ruin 破坏，毁坏
来自拉丁语 ruina,倒塌，毁坏，来自 ruere,倒塌，崩塌，来自 PIE*reue,击，打，撕开，词源 同 rag,rough.字母 g 脱落，比较 regulate,rule.
英英释意
- 1. an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction;
- "you have brought ruin on this entire family"
- 2. a ruined building;
- "they explored several Roman ruins"
- 3. the process of becoming dilapidated
- 4. an event that results in destruction
- 5. failure that results in a loss of position or reputation
- 6. destruction achieved by wrecking something
英文词源
- ruin
- ruin: [14] If something is ruined, etymologically it has simply ‘fallen down’. The word’s ultimate ancestor is Latin ruere ‘fall, crumble’ (source also of English congruent). From it was derived the noun ruīna ‘fall’, which passed into English via Old French ruine.
=> congruent - ruin (n.)
- late 14c., "act of giving way and falling down," from Old French ruine "a collapse" (14c.), and directly from Latin ruina "a collapse, a rushing down, a tumbling down" (source also of Spanish ruina, Italian rovina), related to ruere "to rush, fall violently, collapse," from PIE *reue- (2) "to smash, knock down, tear out, dig up" (see rough (adj.)). Meaning "complete destruction of anything" is from 1670s. Ruins "remains of a decayed building or town" is from mid-15c.; the same sense was in the Latin plural noun.
- ruin (v.)
- 1580s (transitive), from ruin (n.). Intransitive sense "fall into ruin" is from c. 1600. Financial sense is attested from 1660. Related: Ruined; ruining.
同义词辨析
break, destroy, ruin, wreck, damage, spoil
这些动词均有"破坏，损坏"之意。
break： 普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。
destroy： 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
ruin： 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。
wreck： 侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健康受到损害。
damage： 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
spoil： 强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。
考试真题
- The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation.
出自-2011年12月阅读原文
- Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I don't want to ruin the story for you.
出自-2013年6月听力原文
- Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- Panini's Ancient Rome and Modern Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative ( ' , 唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- It will ruin the written language.
出自-2014年6月阅读原文
- Civilization,then,is fine — people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills.
出自-2014年6月阅读原文
- After last week's announcement that Phil Collins might give up touring because live concerts are ruining his voice, doctors are counseling stars about the dos and don'ts of voice care.
出自-2013年6月听力原文
- A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读B 选项
- But do you know that every year a lot of useless computers and cellphones will ruin the soil?
2017年高考英语北京卷 听力 原文
- Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
2015年高考英语福建卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文
- Keep it safe at all times, and then you will not have any unpleasant accident, which could ruin your whole weekend.
2016年高考英语全国卷2 听力 原文
- The underlined word "undoing" probably refers to the pigeons' ruin.
2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 题设
- This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who "ruined" it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.
2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文
- When they returned to rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.
2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文
- It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.
出自-2015年考研阅读原文
- Why ruin rural ones?.
出自-2016年考研阅读原文
- We do not ruin urban conservation areas.
出自-2016年考研阅读原文
- And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.
2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
词组搭配
in ruins
in a state of complete disorder or disintegration
被毁灭的；毁坏了的；垮掉的；成废墟的
the economy was in ruins.
经济崩溃了。
实用场景例句
- The bad weather ruined our trip.
- 天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
牛津词典
- That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
- 正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
牛津词典
- My new shoes got ruined in the mud.
- 我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。
牛津词典
- If she loses the court case it will ruin her.
- 如果败诉，她就完了。
牛津词典
- The country was ruined by the war.
- 这个国家因战争而遭到严重破坏。
牛津词典
- A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution.
- 革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。
牛津词典
- The divorce ultimately led to his ruin.
- 离婚最终使得他一贫如洗。
牛津词典
- The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin .
- 银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。
牛津词典
- Gambling was his ruin.
- 赌博毁了他。
牛津词典
- The old mill is now little more than a ruin.
- 老磨坊现在只剩下一点残垣断壁了。
牛津词典
- We visited the ruins of a Norman castle.
- 我们参观了一座诺曼式城堡的遗迹。
牛津词典
- (figurative)He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
- 他决心从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活。
牛津词典
- Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.
- 经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。
牛津词典
- The scandal left his reputation in ruins.
- 这件丑闻使他身败名裂。
牛津词典
- My wife was ruining her health through worry...
- 忧虑严重损害了我妻子的健康。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Entire villages have been washed away. Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops ruined.
- 这些村庄全部都被冲走了。道路和桥梁都被破坏了，农作物也全毁了。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- She accused him of ruining her financially with his taste for the high life.
- 她指责他为了追求奢华的生活致使她倾家荡产。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The farmers say recent inflation has driven them to the brink of ruin.
- 农民们说最近的通货膨胀使他们濒临破产。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The vineyards were falling into ruin...
- 这些葡萄园日渐没落。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- She wasn't going to let her plans go to ruin.
- 她不会让她的计划破产的。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The new Turkish republic he helped to build emerged from the ruins of a great empire...
- 他帮助建立起的新土耳其共和国是从一个伟大帝国的废墟上发展起来的。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- He stood very still, staring in at the ruins of his work.
- 他站在那里一动也不动，呆呆地看着他残余的作品。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- One dead child was found in the ruins almost two hours after the explosion...
- 爆炸发生将近两个小时以后，在废墟中发现了一个已经死亡的小孩。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- There's only the mountain in this direction, and higher up an old ruin, an abandoned castle.
- 从这个方向望去只看得到这座山，以及更高处的一处废墟，一座废弃的城堡。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Its heavily-subsidized economy is in ruins...
- 其靠资助维持的经济已经完全崩溃了。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- This country was once proud of its education system. Now it seems to be in ruins.
- 这个国家曾一度为其教育体系感到自豪。但现在它似乎已经千疮百孔了。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The abbey was in ruins...
- 这个修道院已经成了一片废墟。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Within Germany, the city of Berlin lay in ruins.
- 在德国，柏林市已经满目疮痍。
柯林斯高阶英语词典