sack

• n. 麻布袋；洗劫
• vt. 解雇；把……装入袋；劫掠
• n. (Sack)人名；(英、法、葡、瑞典)萨克；(德)扎克

来自拉丁语 saccus,袋子，来自希腊语 sakkos,袋子，来自某闪族语词，比较希伯来语 saq,袋 子。通常指比较大的袋子，引申词义麻袋，购物袋等，后引申比喻义抢劫及现代词义解雇， 开除，卷包袱走人。

1. a bag made of paper or plastic for holding customer's purchases

2. an enclosed space;

"the trapped miners found a pocket of air"

3. the quantity contained in a sack

4. any of various light dry strong white wine from Spain and Canary Islands (including sherry)

5. a woman's full loose hiplength jacket

6. a hanging bed of canvas or rope netting (usually suspended between two trees); swing easily

7. a loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders without a waist

8. the plundering of a place by an army or mob; usually involves destruction and slaughter;

"the sack of Rome"

9. the termination of someone's employment (leaving them free to depart)

sack

sack: English has three separate words sack, one of them now a historical relic and the other two ultimately related. Sack ‘large bag’ [OE] was borrowed from Latin saccus (source also of English sac, sachet, and satchel). This in turn came from Greek sákkos ‘rough cloth used for packing’, which was of Semitic origin (Hebrew has saq meaning both ‘sack’ and ‘sackcloth’).

The colloquial sense ‘dismissal from work’ (as in get the sack) arose in the early 19th century, perhaps from the notion of a dismissed worker going away with his tools or clothing in his bag. Sack ‘plunder’ [16] came via French sac from sacco ‘bag’, the Italian descendant of Latin saccus. This was used in expressions like mettere a sacco, literally ‘put in a bag’, which denoted figuratively ‘plunder, pillage’ (no doubt inspired by the notion of ‘putting one’s loot in a bag’). Sack ‘sherry-like wine’ [16] (Sir John Falstaff’s favourite tipple) was an alteration of seck.

This was short for wine sec, a partial translation of French vin sec ‘dry wine’ (French sec came from Latin siccus ‘dry’, source of English desiccate [16]).
=> sac, sachet, satchel; desiccate, sec

sack (n.1)

"large bag," Old English sacc (West Saxon), sec (Mercian), sæc (Old Kentish) "large cloth bag," also "sackcloth," from Proto-Germanic *sakkiz (cognates: Middle Dutch sak, Old High German sac, Old Norse sekkr, but Gothic sakkus probably is directly from Greek), an early borrowing from Latin saccus (also source of Old French sac, Spanish saco, Italian sacco), from Greek sakkos, from Semitic (compare Hebrew saq "sack").

The wide spread of the word is probably due to the Biblical story of Joseph, in which a sack of corn figures (Gen. xliv). Baseball slang sense of "a base" is attested from 1913. Slang meaning "bunk, bed" is from 1825, originally nautical. The verb meaning "go to bed" is recorded from 1946. Sack race attested from 1805.

sack (n.2)

"a dismissal from work," 1825, from sack (n.1), perhaps from the notion of the worker going off with his tools in a bag; the original formula was to give (someone) the sack. It is attested earlier in French (on luy a donné son sac, 17c.) and Dutch (iemand de zak geven).

sack (n.4)

"sherry," 1530s, alteration of French vin sec "dry wine," from Latin siccus "dry" (see siccative).

sack (v.1)

"to plunder," 1540s, from Middle French sac, in the phrase mettre à sac "put it in a bag," a military leader's command to his troops to plunder a city (parallel to Italian sacco, with the same range of meaning), from Vulgar Latin *saccare "to plunder," originally "to put plundered things into a sack," from Latin saccus "bag" (see sack (n.1)). The notion is probably of putting booty in a bag.

sack (n.3)

"plunder; act of plundering, the plundering of a city or town after storming and capture," 1540s, from French sac "pillage, plunder," from Italian sacco (see sack (v.1)).

sack (v.2)

"put in a bag," late 14c., from sack (n.1). Related: Sacked; sacking.

sack (v.4)

type of U.S. football play, 1969, from sack (v.1) in the sense of "to plunder" or sack (v.2) on the notion of "put in a bag." As a noun from 1972.

sack (v.3)

"dismiss from work," 1841, from sack (n.2). Related: Sacked; sacking.

bag, sack, handbag, purse

这些名词均含"袋"之意。

bag： 普通用词，指一般的口袋，有时也指手提包。

sack： 应用较窄，指较大的袋子，如麻袋等。

handbag： 指手提包，尤指女人用的手提包。

purse： 指钱包或小钱袋，在美国相当于handbag。

They got through a sack of potatoes.

他们把一麻袋土豆吃完了。

牛津词典

two sacks of groceries

两袋杂用品

牛津词典

He got the sack for swearing.

他因说脏话而被开除。

牛津词典

Her work was so poor that she was given the sack .

她工作干得很差，被炒了鱿鱼。

牛津词典

Four hundred workers face the sack.

四百名工人面临解雇的危险。

牛津词典

He caught them in the sack together.

他撞见他们俩一起睡在床上。

牛津词典

the sack of Rome

对罗马城的洗劫

牛津词典

She was sacked for refusing to work on Sundays.

她因拒绝在星期天上班被解雇了。

牛津词典

Rome was sacked by the Goths in 410.

罗马在410年遭到哥特人的洗劫。

牛津词典

...a sack of potatoes.

一袋土豆

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Earlier today the Prime Minister sacked 18 government officials for corruption...

今天早些时候，首相解除了 18 名涉嫌贪污腐败的政府官员的职务。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Science teacher James Wood was sacked for slapping a schoolboy.

理科教师詹姆斯·伍德因为掌掴一名男生而被开除。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

In 1527 Imperial troops sacked the French ambassador's residence in Rome.

1527年，帝国军队洗劫了位于罗马的法国大使官邸。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

These machines can automatically complete weighing, feed, making sack, sealing, cutting and transportation.

该机可自动完成称量, 落料 、 制袋 、 封合 、 切断、输送等过程.

期刊摘选

The manager had found him out and was going to sack him.

经理发觉了他的不轨行为,打算炒他鱿鱼.

《简明英汉词典》

I have a busy day tomorrow, so I'm going to hit the sack early tonight.

我明天会很忙, 所以我今晚要早点睡觉.

期刊摘选

How much did we sack up this time?

这次我们获得多少利润?

《简明英汉词典》

The corpse was sewn up in a sack and thrown into the river.

尸体缝好后被装入布袋中抛入河流之中.

《简明英汉词典》

Where did you sack in last night?

昨晚你们在哪儿睡觉的?

《简明英汉词典》

The hen pecked a hole in the sack.

母鸡在麻袋上啄了一个窟窿.

《简明英汉词典》

Where are you going to sack out?

你们准备去哪里大睡一场?

《简明英汉词典》

Changing her job like that is equivalent to giving her the sack.

那样调换她的工作等于是解雇她.

《简明英汉词典》

If you're late again tomorrow, you'll get the sack!

如果你明天再迟到, 那就卷铺盖走吧!

《现代汉英综合大词典》

He hefted a sack of wheat to see how heavy it was.

他举起一袋麦子看看有多重.

《简明英汉词典》