scapegoat

• n. 替罪羊，替人顶罪者；替身
• vt. 使成为…的替罪羊

缩写自 escape,逃跑，goat,羊。来自圣经中的宗教典故，古犹太人将每年的七月十日定为“赎 罪日”，并在这一天举行赎罪祭。其中通过拈阄决定两只公羊的命运，一只杀了作祭品，另 一只由大祭司将双手按在羊头上，宣称犹太民族在一年中所犯下的罪过，已经转嫁到到这头 羊身上。接着，使把这头替罪羊放逐到旷野，即将人的罪过带入无人之境，最后，把那赎罪 的羊烧死，因而引申词义替罪羊。见百度百科。

1. someone punished for the errors of others

scapegoat

scapegoat: [16] In biblical times the ritual of Yom Kippur, the Jewish Day of Atonement, included a ceremony involving two goats: one was sacrificed to God, and the other was sent off into the wilderness as the symbolic bearer of the people’s sins. This second goat was termed ‘azāzēl. That appears to have been a proper name, said in Jewish tradition to be that of a demon to whom the goat was sent, and may be linked with Aziz, the name of a Canaanite god.

Later commentators, however, interpreted it as equivalent to Hebrew ‘ēz ōzēl, which means ‘goat that departs’. In the Latin of the Vulgate, that was rendered as caper emissarius (whence the French expression bouc émissaire, literally ‘goat sent forth’), and William Tindale, in his 1530 translation of the Bible, expressed it as scapegoat (the first part, scape, is a shortened form of escape).

The modern metaphorical application to someone who takes the blame for others’ faults dates from the early 19th century.

scapegoat (n.)

1530, "goat sent into the wilderness on the Day of Atonement, symbolic bearer of the sins of the people," coined by Tyndale from scape (n.1) + goat to translate Latin caper emissarius, itself a translation in Vulgate of Hebrew 'azazel (Lev. xvi:8,10,26), which was read as 'ez ozel "goat that departs," but which others hold to be the proper name of a devil or demon in Jewish mythology (sometimes identified with Canaanite deity Aziz).

Jerome's reading also was followed by Martin Luther (der ledige Bock), Symmachus (tragos aperkhomenos), and others (compare French bouc émissaire), but the question of who, or what (or even where) is meant by 'azazel is a vexed one. The Revised Version (1884) simply restores Azazel. But the old translation has its modern defenders:

Azazel is an active participle or participial noun, derived ultimately from azal (connected with the Arabic word azala, and meaning removed), but immediately from the reduplicate form of that verb, azazal. The reduplication of the consonants of the root in Hebrew and Arabic gives the force of repetition, so that while azal means removed, azalzal means removed by a repetition of acts. Azalzel or azazel, therefore, means one who removes by a series of acts. ... The interpretation is founded on sound etymological grounds, it suits the context wherever the word occurs, it is consistent with the remaining ceremonial of the Day of Atonement, and it accords with the otherwise known religious beliefs and symbolical practices of the Israelites. [Rev. F. Meyrick, "Leviticus," London, 1882]

Meaning "one who is blamed or punished for the mistakes or sins of others" first recorded 1824; the verb is attested from 1943. Related: Scapegoated; scapegoating. For the formation, compare scapegrace, also scape-gallows "one who deserves hanging."

Some are seeking scapegoats (替罪羊).

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

She felt she had been made a scapegoat for her boss's incompetence.

她觉得，本是老板无能，但她却成了替罪羊。

牛津词典

I don't deserve to be made the scapegoat for a couple of bad results.

我不应该为一些不好的结果顶罪。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Ethnic minorities are continually scapegoated for the lack of jobs.

工作机会少常常会怪到少数民族头上。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

In an election year, politicians will need a scapegoat.

今年是大选年, 政客们需要找到一个“替罪羊”.

期刊摘选

He got what he wanted and left me in the lurch as a scapegoat.

他倒称心如意了,却叫我一人背黑锅.

期刊摘选

You may say I'm making the school system a scapegoat.

或许你认为这么说是在推卸责任.

期刊摘选

The essence of archaic religiosity is the scapegoat mechanism.

古代宗教狂热的本质,就是代罪羔羊的机制.

期刊摘选

The project has aborted. The people in charge are looking for a scapegoat.

项目告吹了,有关负责人正在找替罪羊呢.

期刊摘选

Terrible ideas are like playground scapegoat, given the right encouragement, they grow up to be geniuses.

坏点子就像操场上的替罪羊, 你给它们适当的鼓励, 它们会成为天才.

期刊摘选

This reasoning holds obvious appeal for those for a scapegoat.

这种推理明显能够引起那些寻求替罪羊的人的兴趣.

期刊摘选

Pakistani officials reject these suggestions and say their country being used as a scapegoat.

巴基斯坦官方驳回了这些暗示,称他们的国家被当成了替罪羊.

期刊摘选

In each case, they have a ready scapegoat – the government.

每次, 它们都有一个现成的替罪羊——政府.

期刊摘选

He claimed he had been a scapegoat for the administration's failures.

他声称自己成了行政管理失败的替罪羊.

期刊摘选

They ask me to join the party so that I'll be their scapegoat when trouble comes.

他们想叫我入伙,出了乱子,好让我替他们垫背.

《现代汉英综合大词典》

B : Definitely not. He is just the scapegoat.

当然不是, 他只是个替罪羊而已.

期刊摘选

He had been made the scapegoat for all the failures of the Luftwaffe.

他就是德国空军各次败绩的替罪羊.

辞典例句

He has been made a scapegoat for the company's failures.

他成了公司倒闭的替罪羊.

《简明英汉词典》

The politicians would try to make a scapegoat of him.

政客们要把他当作替死鬼.

辞典例句

I can not let my boys be the scapegoat.

我不能让我的孩子当替罪羊.

期刊摘选

This means to be the scapegoat, to be blamed for something that someone else did.

它的意思是“替罪羊”, 也就是替人受过.

辞典例句

The old curmudgeon found a new scapegoat and that let me out.

那个老守财奴找到一个新的替罪羊,这样我就脱身了.

《简明英汉词典》

Gurus offer convenient excuses to sleepwalking traders who need a scapegoat for their losses.

对于一相情愿的交易者,如果他们要求赔偿亏损,老师们可以找到很轻松的借口.

期刊摘选

The accused was used as a scapegoat.

被告成为别人的替罪羊.

期刊摘选

Zero : They're just looking for a scapegoat.

Zero: 他们不过是在找一只替罪羊.

期刊摘选

I was made the scapegoat , but it was the others who started the fire.

是别人放的火,让我背了黑锅.

期刊摘选

The easy scapegoat is Mr Bush himself.

温驯的替罪羊正是布什先生本人.

期刊摘选

Farrar, Jr. " Villain or Scapegoat? Nationalism and the Outbreak of World War I. "

《罪犯或代罪羔羊? 国家主义与第一次世界大战的起因 》.

期刊摘选

He is nearly a scapegoat.

他几乎是个替罪羔羊.

期刊摘选

Pakistani officials reject these suggestions and say their country is being used as a scapegoat.

但是,巴基斯坦官员驳斥了这些推测,并说他们的国家被当作了替罪羊.

期刊摘选

Don't be so hard on him, he is just a political scapegoat.

不要难为他, 他也只不过是政治的牺牲品罢了.

期刊摘选