severe
- adj. 严峻的;严厉的;剧烈的;苛刻的
词态变化
中文词源
来自拉丁语 severus,严重的,严厉的,困难的,可能异化自拉丁语 serius,重的,词源同 serious. 引申诸相关词义。
英英释意
- 1. intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality;
- "severe pain"
- "a severe case of flu"
- "a terrible cough"
- "under wicked fire from the enemy's guns"
- "a wicked cough"
- 2. very strong or vigorous;
- "strong winds"
- "a hard left to the chin"
- "a knockout punch"
- "a severe blow"
- 3. severely simple;
- "a stark interior"
- 4. unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment;
- "a parent severe to the pitch of hostility"- H.G.Wells
- "a hefty six-footer with a rather severe mien"
- "a strict disciplinarian"
- "a Spartan upbringing"
- 5. causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm;
- "a dangerous operation"
- "a grave situation"
- "a grave illness"
- "grievous bodily harm"
- "a serious wound"
- "a serious turn of events"
- "a severe case of pneumonia"
- "a life-threatening disease"
- 6. very bad in degree or extent;
- "a severe worldwide depression"
- "the house suffered severe damage"
英文词源
- severe
- severe: [16] Severe is a descendant, via Old French severe, of Latin sevērus, a word of uncertain origin. English asseveration ‘firm declaration’ [16] comes from its Latin derivative asseverāre ‘assert earnestly’.
=> asseveration - severe (adj.)
- 1540s, from Middle French severe (12c., Modern French sévère) or directly from Latin severus "serious, grave, strict, austere" (see severity). From 1660s with reference to styles or tastes; from 1725 of diseases.
同义词辨析
earnest, serious, grave, severe, solemn, sober
这些形容词均有"严肃的"之意。
earnest: 指严肃,认真,含诚恳和热情意味。
serious: 指具有关键、严肃或严重意义的事情。
grave: 侧重严肃和尊严,需要认真思考,含令人担忧意味。
severe: 指面孔的严肃,法律的严厉,伤病的严重。着重严厉性,无丝毫温情。
solemn: 指人表情或场景气氛严肃,侧重威严名印象深刻。
sober: 侧重因控制或抑制自己的感情而表现出的庄重。
考试真题
- As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries.
出自-2016年6月阅读原文
- When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career.
出自-2010年12月阅读原文
- There's a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse's death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.
出自-2010年12月阅读原文
- For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems.
2018年12月四级真题(第三套)阅读 Section B
- Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.
2018年12月四级真题(第一套)阅读 Section C
- In the past, health experts warned us that the day would come in which it would become very difficult to provide medical care for even common problems such as lung infection or severe sour throat.
出自-2017年6月听力原文
- Uncommonly severe droughts brought on by global climate changes have led to forest-eating wildfires from Australia to Indonesia, but nowhere more acutely than in the Amazon.
出自-2013年6月阅读原文
- When James realized how severe her illness was, she knew she had better hurry up and live life.
出自-2013年12月听力原文
- The most important warning is this: if you have severe symptoms and they don't go away, go down!
出自-2012年12月听力原文
- By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.
出自-2010年6月听力原文
- Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in
出自-2010年6月听力原文
- But insurance will be cold comfort following the failure on October 31st of VSS Enterprise, resulting in the death of one pilot and the severe injury to another.
2015年12月六级真题(第二套)阅读 Section C
- In adults, excessive use of some pain-killing drugs may cause severe kidney damage.
2017年12月六级真题(第二套)听力 Section C
- Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe mechanical deformation, known as temp-forming.
2019年6月六级真题(第三套)阅读 Section A
- If you take the medicine more than three times a week, you may get a rebound headache, which is far more severe than tension headaches.
2015年高考英语湖北卷 听力 原文
- Symptoms of it include a headache that is constant but not severe, and a pain at the back of your head and the neck.
2015年高考英语湖北卷 听力 原文
- They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending.
出自-2015年考研阅读原文
- The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep – and bone-showing.
出自-2016年考研阅读原文
- Even among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms.
2017年考研真题(英语一)完形填空 Section Ⅰ
- The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep–and bone-showing.
2016年考研真题(英语一)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
- They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while waiting for a warrant.
2015年考研真题(英语一)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
实用场景例句
- a severe handicap
- 严重残疾
牛津词典
- His injuries are severe.
- 他的伤很重。
牛津词典
- severe weather conditions
- 恶劣的天气情况
牛津词典
- a severe winter (= one during which the weather conditions are extremely bad)
- 严冬
牛津词典
- The party suffered severe losses during the last election.
- 该党在上次选举中遭到惨败。
牛津词典
- a severe shortage of qualified staff
- 合格员工的严重短缺
牛津词典
- The courts are becoming more severe on young offenders.
- 法庭对青少年犯罪者的处罚趋于严厉。
牛津词典
- a severe punishment/sentence
- 重罚;重判
牛津词典
- a severe expression
- 严厉的表情
牛津词典
- She was a severe woman who seldom smiled.
- 她是个严肃的女人,脸上很少出现笑容。
牛津词典
- The marathon is a severe test of stamina.
- 马拉松赛跑是对耐力的严峻考验。
牛津词典
- Modern furniture is a little too severe for my taste.
- 现代家具有点过于简朴,我不大喜欢。
牛津词典
- Her hair was short and severe.
- 她的头发不长,也没有花样。
牛津词典
- severely disabled
- 严重残疾的
牛津词典
- areas severely affected by unemployment
- 深受失业影响的地区
牛津词典
- Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.
- 违法者将受到严惩。
牛津词典
- a severely critical report
- 一篇措辞严厉的批评报道
牛津词典
- Her hair was tied severely in a bun.
- 她的头发简单地盘成了一个发髻。
牛津词典
- [不可数名词]A prison sentence should match the severity of the crime.
- 刑期长短要和罪行轻重一致。
牛津词典
- The chances of a full recovery will depend on the severity of her injuries.
- 能否彻底康复取决于她受伤的严重程度。
牛津词典
- the severity of the problem
- 问题的严重性
牛津词典
- He frowned with mock severity.
- 他沉下脸来,装出一副严厉的样子。
牛津词典
- The elaborate facade contrasts strongly with the severity of the interior.
- 精致的门面同室内的简朴形成强烈反差。
牛津词典
- ...a business with severe cash flow problems...
- 有严重资金周转问题的公司
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- I suffered from severe bouts of depression...
- 我曾患有严重的抑郁症。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- This was a dreadful crime and a severe sentence is necessary...
- 这一罪行十分恶劣,必须要重判。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Before she could reply, my mother launched into a severe reprimand.
- 她还没来得及回答,我妈妈就开始严厉地训斥起她来。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- ...wearing her felt hats and severe grey suits...
- 戴着她的毡帽,穿着朴素的灰色套装
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The cushions add a touch of colour in a room that might otherwise look severe.
- 靠垫给房间添了一抹亮色,不然房间看上去可能太素净了。
柯林斯高阶英语词典