shut

• vt. 关闭；停业；幽禁
• vi. 关上；停止营业
• n. 关闭
• adj. 关闭的；围绕的
• n. (Shut)人名；(俄)舒特；(中)室(广东话·威妥玛)

来自古英语 scyttan,合上门栓，推，关上，来自 West-Germanic*skutjan,推，合上，来自 PIE*skeud, 投，扔，射，推，词源同 shoot,shot.

1. move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut;

"Close the door"

"shut the window"

2. become closed;

"The windows closed with a loud bang"

3. prevent from entering; shut out;

"The trees were shutting out all sunlight"

"This policy excludes people who have a criminal record from entering the country"

shut

shut: [OE] Shut comes ultimately from the same prehistoric Germanic base (*skaut-, *skeut-, *skut- ‘project’) that produced English shoot, and its underlying etymological reference is to the ‘shooting’ of a bolt across a door to fasten it. Its immediate West Germanic ancestor was *skuttjan, which also produced Dutch schutten ‘obstruct’. In Old English this became scyttan, which if it had evolved unchecked would have given modern English shit. For reasons of delicacy, perhaps, the West Midlands form shut was drafted into the general language in the 16th century.
=> sheet, shoot, shot, shout, shuttle

shut (v.)

Old English scyttan "to put (a bolt) in place so as to fasten a door or gate, bolt, shut to; discharge, pay off," from West Germanic *skutjan (cognates: Old Frisian schetta, Middle Dutch schutten "to shut, shut up, obstruct"), from PIE *skeud- "to shoot, chase, throw" (see shoot (v.)). Related: Shutting.

Meaning "to close by folding or bringing together" is from mid-14c. Meaning "prevent ingress and egress" is from mid-14c. Sense of "to set (someone) free (from)" (c. 1500) is obsolete except in dialectal phrases such as to get shut of. To shut (one's) mouth "desist from speaking" is recorded from mid-14c.

close, shut, slam

这些动词均有"关"之意。

close： 较多地用于正式或庄重的文体中，如关闭铁路、公路以及其它交通渠道，要用close。

shut： 着重关闭的动作、过程和方式手段。

slam： 象声词，指"砰的关上"，或用力关上。

Leah reflects on one incident that triggered her fears, when her investors threatened to shut her down: I was probably up against the most fear I've ever had, she says.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

I was thinking, ‘OK, guys, if you want to try to shut me down, shut me down.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

With wired setups, the fear is that a burglar ( ' , 入室盗贼) might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

New York State plans to shut  off the thundering waters of NiagaraFalls again.

出自-2016年12月听力原文

If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? They are culture-related.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Leah reflects on one incident that triggered her fears, when her investors threatened to shut her studio down.

2017年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

New York State plans to shut off the thundering waters of niagara Falls again.

2016年12月四级真题（第二套）听力

The American side of the falls was shut off in 1969 to study the build-up of rock at the base of the falls.

2016年12月四级真题（第二套）听力

with wired setups, the fear is that a burglar might be able to shut your system down simply by cutting the right cable.

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

These included developing additional domestic sources (such as those on Alaska's North Slope), resuming extraction at sites that had been shut down because of cost inefficiency, capping the price that domestic producers could charge for oil, and beginning to import oil from a greater diversity of nations.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

After the personal-savings rate dipped to zero in 2005, the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap shut their wallets.

出自-2012年12月阅读原文

Companies and individuals who don't have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion's share of economic opportunity in our world.

出自-2011年12月阅读原文

Businesses have downsized or shut down across America, leaving fewer job opportunities for those in search of work.

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

For example, dolphins, as well as other marine animals, shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep.

2017年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

How would you like it if you were watching your favorite TV program and someong came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

2015年高考英语浙江卷 单项填空 原文

In a fire drill, the students should shut the door and leave at once.

2018年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 题设

It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either.

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.

出自-2012年考研阅读原文

As much of Mexico city shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to crop up in New York city, the southwestern United States and around the world.

2010年考研真题（英语二）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

first, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Philip went into his room and shut the door behind him.

菲利普进了自己的房间，随手把门关上。

牛津词典

I can't shut my suitcase─it's too full.

我的手提箱合不上了——装得太满了。

牛津词典

She shut her eyes and fell asleep immediately.

她闭上眼，立刻就睡着了。

牛津词典

He shut his book and looked up.

他合上书，抬起头来。

牛津词典

The window won't shut.

这窗子关不上。

牛津词典

The doors open and shut automatically.

这些门都是自动开关的。

牛津词典

The bank shuts at 4.

那家银行4点钟关门。

牛津词典

The computer system will be shut down over the weekend.

计算机系统周末关闭。

牛津词典

She shut the dog in the shed while she prepared the barbecue.

她做烤肉时把狗关在窝里。

牛津词典

Sam shut his finger in the car door.

萨姆给车门夹住了手指。

牛津词典

The engines shut off automatically in an emergency.

遇到紧急情况发动机便自动停止工作。

牛津词典

A valve immediately shuts off the gas when the lid is closed.

当盖子合上时，立刻会有一个阀门切断煤气。

牛津词典

Martin shut himself off from the world to write his book.

马丁不与外界接触，专心写书。

牛津词典

Bosnia is shut off from the Adriatic by the mountains.

波斯尼亚和亚得里亚海之间有群山相隔。

牛津词典

Mum, Ben keeps shutting me out of the bedroom!

妈，本老不让我进卧室！

牛津词典

sunglasses that shut out 99% of the sun's harmful rays

能遮挡99%的太阳有害射线的太阳镜

牛津词典

I wanted to shut John out of my life for ever.

我想永远不让约翰走进我的生活。

牛津词典

Just make sure you shut the gate after you...

进来后务必关上大门。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The screen door shut gently.

纱门轻轻关上了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Lucy shut her eyes so she wouldn't see it happen.

露西闭上了眼睛，这样就不会看到它发生了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Daniel's mouth opened, and then shut again...

丹尼尔嘴巴张了张又合上了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He opened and shut his mouth, unspeaking.

他张了张嘴，欲言又止。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There is a tendency to shut museums or shops at a moment's notice...

现在博物馆或商店有一种说关就关的趋势。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Shops usually shut from noon-3pm, and stay open late...

商店通常中午到下午 3 点关门，然后营业到很晚。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We shut our eyes to the plainest facts, refusing to admit the truth...

我们对最浅显的事实视而不见，拒绝承认真相。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She was shutting her eyes to reality, just as she had done after Matthew died.

她不肯正视现实，跟她在马修去世后的表现如出一辙。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I don't have to tell you how important it is for you to keep your mouth shut about all this...

我不用告诉你，你自己也知道对所有这些事保密有多重要了吧。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He paid my brother to kill Norton and keep his mouth shut.

他花钱雇我兄弟去杀了诺顿并给了他封口费。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

If she had kept her mouth shut she would still have her job now.

如果她当时保持沉默的话，她现在工作也就不会丢。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

'Oi, shut your mouth and have respect for elders,' Langda said to the boy.

“喂， 闭嘴，对长者要尊重，”兰达对那男孩说。

柯林斯高阶英语词典