sin
英 [sɪn]
美[sɪn]
- n. 罪恶；罪孽；过失
- vi. 犯罪；犯过失
- vt. 犯罪
- n. (Sin)人名；(罗)西恩；(匈)欣；(柬、阿拉伯)辛；(缅)信
词态变化
复数: sins;第三人称单数: sins;过去式: sinned;过去分词: sinned;现在分词: sinning;
中文词源
sin 罪，罪行，过失，过错
来 自 古 英 语 sinn, 伤 害 ， 有 罪 ， 罪 行 ， 来 自 Proto-Germanic*sundijo, 罪 ， 罪 行 ， 来 自 Proto-Germanic*sunjo,真实，事实，来自 PIE*sent,真实的，存在的，来自 PIE*es,是，存在， 词源同 is,essence,sooth.
英英释意
- 1. estrangement from god
- 2. an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of God's will
- 3. ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle
- 4. the 21st letter of the Hebrew alphabet
- 5. violent and excited activity;
- "they began to fight like sin"
英文词源
- sin
- sin: [OE] Sin comes from a prehistoric Germanic *sunjō, a close relative of which produced German sünde, Dutch zonde, and Swedish and Danish synd ‘sin’. It is not altogether clear what its ultimate origins were, but it has been linked with Latin sōns ‘guilty’, and also with English sooth ‘truth’ and Sanskrit satya- ‘real, true’, as if its ancestral meaning were ‘(truly) guilty’.
- sin (n.)
- Old English synn "moral wrongdoing, injury, mischief, enmity, feud, guilt, crime, offense against God, misdeed," from Proto-Germanic *sun(d)jo- "sin" (cognates: Old Saxon sundia, Old Frisian sende, Middle Dutch sonde, Dutch zonde, German Sünde "sin, transgression, trespass, offense," extended forms), probably ultimately "it is true," i.e. "the sin is real" (compare Gothic sonjis, Old Norse sannr "true"), from PIE *snt-ya-, a collective form from *es-ont- "becoming," present participle of root *es- "to be" (see is).
The semantic development is via notion of "to be truly the one (who is guilty)," as in Old Norse phrase verð sannr at "be found guilty of," and the use of the phrase "it is being" in Hittite confessional formula. The same process probably yielded the Latin word sons (genitive sontis) "guilty, criminal" from present participle of sum, esse "to be, that which is." Some etymologists believe the Germanic word was an early borrowing directly from the Latin genitive. Also see sooth.
Sin-eater is attested from 1680s. To live in sin "cohabit without marriage" is from 1838; used earlier in a more general sense. Ice hockey slang sin bin "penalty box" is attested from 1950. - sin (v.)
- Old English syngian "to commit sin, transgress, err," from synn (see sin (n.)); the form influenced by the noun. Compare Old Saxon sundion, Old Frisian sendigia, Middle Dutch sondighen, Dutch zondigen, Old High German sunteon, German sündigen "to sin." Form altered from Middle English sunigen by influence of the noun.
同义词辨析
crime, sin, guilt, offence, violation
这些名词均含有"犯法，犯罪，罪恶"之意。
crime： 指严重的违法行为或罪行。
sin： 主要指违反道德原则或违反宗教戒律的过失或罪过行为。
guilt： 多用于指违反道德或社会标准的不法行为，含应予惩办之意。这种惩办是以证据为根据的。
offence： 使用广，可泛指对任何规则、道德标准、法律、纪律等的违反与触犯，其罪行可重可轻。
violation： 指违背誓言、条约、规则以及良心等，也指侵犯权利。
词组搭配
(as)... as sin
(informal)having a particular undesirable quality to a high degree
(非正式)非常，极端地
as ugly as sin.
非常丑。
miserable as sin.
极其糟糕。
for one's sins
(humorous, chiefly Brit.)used to suggest that a task or duty is so onerous or unpleasant that it must be a punishment
(幽默，主英)遭报应
live in sin
(informal, dated)live together as though married
(非正式，旧)同居
sin of commission
a sinful action
罪过
sin of omission
a sinful failure to perform an action
疏漏，失职
实用场景例句
- to commit a sin
- 犯罪
牛津词典
- Confess your sins to God and he will forgive you.
- 向上帝忏悔，上帝就会宽恕你。
牛津词典
- The Bible says that stealing is a sin.
- 《圣经》上说偷盗有罪。
牛津词典
- a life of sin
- 罪过的一生
牛津词典
- It's a sin to waste taxpayers' money like that.
- 这样挥霍纳税人的钱太不应该。
牛津词典
- She works with us in Accounts, for her sins!
- 她跟我们一样也在账务室做事，活该如此！
牛津词典
- Forgive me, Lord, for I have sinned.
- 主啊，宽恕我吧，我犯了罪。
牛津词典
- He was more sinned against than sinning (= although he did wrong, other people treated him even worse) .
- 他过错无多而报应太重。
牛津词典
- The Vatican's teaching on abortion is clear: it is a sin...
- 罗马教廷对堕胎的教义非常清楚：这是罪过。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Was it the sin of pride to have believed too much in themselves?
- 他们过分自信，这是否犯了骄纵之罪？
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The Spanish Inquisition charged him with sinning against God and man...
- 西班牙宗教法庭指控他亵渎上帝和人类。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- You have sinned and must repent your ways.
- 你犯了罪，必须为你的所作所为作出忏悔。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- ...the sin of arrogant hard-heartedness...
- 傲慢无情的恶行
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The ultimate sin was not infidelity, but public mention which led to scandal.
- 最大的罪过不是通奸而是公众议论，是它导致了丑闻的发生。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- She was living in sin with her boyfriend.
- 她和男友同居。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- You may burn for that sin.
- 为了那种罪过,你(死后)要下地狱的.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- He confessed his sin to the priest.
- 他向神父坦陈了自己的罪孽.
《简明英汉词典》
- It's a sin to waste food.
- 浪费食品是一种罪过.
《简明英汉词典》
- Wages of sin is death.
- 罪恶的代价就是死亡.
《简明英汉词典》
- What will you do to atone for this sin?
- 你将做什么来赎这罪 呢 ?
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- It's a sin to be indoors on holiday.
- 假期中待在家里实在是罪过.
《简明英汉词典》
- He is washed from sin.
- 他被洗清罪恶.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- Being late is an unforgivable sin round here.
- 迟到在这里是一种不可原谅的失礼行为.
《简明英汉词典》
- They live a life of sin.
- 他们过着不道德的生活.
《简明英汉词典》
- Do you condone his sin?
- 你宽恕他的罪 吗 ?
《简明英汉词典》
- By their sin they provoked the wrath of the people.
- 他们因犯罪而激起人民的愤怒.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- He has an abhorrence of sin [ evil ] .
- 他 嫉恶如仇.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- It was considered a sin to work or play on the Sabbath.
- 在安息日工作或消遣都被视为罪过.
《简明英汉词典》