skin

• n. 皮肤；外皮
• vt. 剥皮
• vi. 愈合；长皮

来自古诺斯语 skinn,兽皮，毛皮，来自 Proto-Germanic*skintha,分开，剥皮，来自 PIE*sken, 砍，切，来自 PIE*sek,砍，切，词源同 segment,shear.后词义通用化为皮肤。

1. a natural protective covering of the body; site of the sense of touch;

"your skin is the largest organ of your body"

2. the tissue forming the hard outer layer (of e.g. a fruit)

3. an outer surface (usually thin);

"the skin of an airplane"

4. body covering of a living animal

5. a person's skin regarded as their life;

"he tried to save his skin"

6. the rind of a fruit or vegetable

7. a bag serving as a container for liquids; it is made from the skin of an animal

skin

skin: [11] The ancestral English word for ‘skin’ is hide. Skin was borrowed at the end of the Old English period from Old Norse skinn (source of Swedish skin and Danish skind). The etymological notion underlying the word is of ‘peeling’ or ‘slicing’ off an outer layer (it goes back ultimately to a prehistoric Indo-European base *sken- ‘cut off’, which was an extension of *sek- ‘cut’, source of English section, sector, sickle, etc), and so it presumably referred originally to the pelts removed from hunted animals.
=> section, segment, sickle

skin (n.)

c. 1200, "animal hide" (usually dressed and tanned), from Old Norse skinn "animal hide, fur," from Proto-Germanic *skintha- (cognates: Old English scinn (rare), Old High German scinten, German schinden "to flay, skin;" German dialectal schind "skin of a fruit," Flemish schinde "bark"), from PIE *sken- "to cut off" (cognates: Breton scant "scale of a fish," Irish scainim "I tear, I burst"), from root *sek- "to cut" (see section (n.)).

Ful of fleissche Y was to fele, Now ... Me is lefte But skyn & boon. [hymn, c. 1430]

The usual Anglo-Saxon word is hide (n.1). Meaning "epidermis of a living animal or person" is attested from early 14c.; extended to fruits, vegetables, etc. late 14c. Jazz slang sense of "drum" is from 1927. Meaning "a skinhead" is from 1970. As an adjective, it formerly had a slang sense of "cheating" (1868); sense of "pornographic" is attested from 1968. Skin deep is first attested in this:

All the carnall beauty of my wife, Is but skin-deep. [Sir Thomas Overbury, "A Wife," 1613; the poem was a main motive for his murder]

The skin of one's teeth as the narrowest of margins is attested from 1550s in the Geneva Bible literal translation of the Hebrew text in Job xix:20. To get under (someone's) skin "annoy" is from 1896. Skin-graft is from 1871. Skin merchant "recruiting officer" is from 1792.

skin (v.)

late 14c., "to remove the skin from" (originally of circumcision), from skin (n.). As "to have (a particular kind of) skin" from c. 1400. In 19c. U.S. colloquial use, "to strip, fleece, plunder;" hence skin-game, one in which one player has no chance against the others (as with a stacked deck), the type of con game played in a skin-house. Skin the cat in gymnastics is from 1845. Related: Skinned; skinning.

skin, leather, fur, hide, peel

这些名词均含"皮，皮肤"之意。

skin： 最常用词，指人的皮肤或动物的皮，也可指水果、植物和种子等的外皮。

leather： 通常指经过加工的熟皮，可用于制作各种皮革制品。

fur： 现多指猫、兔等动物软毛皮，也指其它动物的毛皮。

hide： 多指大型动物的厚皮，也指没有鞣的牛、马等皮革。

peel： 指剩下的或可以剥去的果皮或蔬菜皮。

Bacteria are carried by various 'media', which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing (打喷嚏).

2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

I was a little scared at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders.

2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

Behind the differences in sex, skin tones and mother tongues, there are common attitudes, expectations and ambitions which risk creating a set of clones among the business leaders of the future.

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president".

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

You know I've often wondered why people laugh at the picture of a big belly businessman slipping on a banana skin and falling on his bottom.

出自-2011年6月听力原文

As a zoologist focusing on the studies of apes and monkeys, I've been studying why humans evolved to become the naked ape and why skin comes in so many different shades around the world.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Basically we turned our skin darker to serve as a natural sun protector in the place of the hair we lost.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Flamingos have evolved very leathery skin on their legs so they can tolerate the salt water, says David Harper, a professor at the University of Leicester.

2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

For most of human history, we all had dark skin.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Last year, MATTEL, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some Barbies to its line that have different skin tones and hair textures.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

Skin may seem like a superficial human attribute, but it's the first thing we notice about anyone we meet.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

The water is so corrosive that it can burn the skin and eyes of unadapted animals.

2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

There are now Barbies of one of 7 skin tones, 22 eye colors and 24 hair styles to choose from.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

Today skin color is evolving the new mixtures of people coming together and having children with new mixtures of skin color genes.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

We can make a very good estimate from the fossil record that humans probably evolved naked skin around a million and a half years ago and meanwhile they mostly lost their coat of fur.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

What we did in our ancestry was to produce more permanent natural coloring in our skin cells.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Animals are built of many different materials----skin, fat, and more----and light moves through each at a different speed.

2015年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.

2018年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep – and bone-showing.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins—are

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.

2015年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

to have dark/fair/olive, etc. skin

皮肤黝黑、白皙、浅褐色等

牛津词典

The snake sheds its skin once a year.

蛇一年蜕一次皮。

牛津词典

cosmetics for sensitive skins

过敏性皮肤适用的化妆品

牛津词典

skin cancer

皮肤癌

牛津词典

dark-skinned

深色皮肤的

牛津词典

fair-skinned

白皙皮肤的

牛津词典

The skins are removed and laid out to dry.

皮剥下来，摊开晾干。

牛津词典

a tiger skin rug

虎皮毯

牛津词典

Remove the skins by soaking the tomatoes in hot water.

把西红柿放在热水里烫一下去皮。

牛津词典

Prick the skins before grilling.

烤前先在肠衣上扎孔。

牛津词典

A skin had formed on the top of the milk.

奶上结了一层奶皮。

牛津词典

the outer skin of the earth

地壳

牛津词典

the metal skin of the aircraft

飞机的金属外壳

牛津词典

Don't let him get under your skin.

别让他惹你生气。

牛津词典

You'll need four ripe tomatoes, skinned and chopped.

需要四个熟了的西红柿，去皮切碎。

牛津词典

He skinned his knees climbing down the tree.

他从树上爬下来时把膝盖蹭破了。

牛津词典

His skin is clear and smooth...

他的皮肤光洁平滑。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There are three major types of skin cancer...

主要有 3 种皮肤癌。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

That was real crocodile skin.

那是真正的鳄鱼皮。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a leopard skin coat.

豹皮大衣

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The outer skin of the orange is called the 'zest'.

橙子皮称为 zest。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...banana skins.

香蕉皮

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Stir the custard occasionally to prevent a skin forming.

要不时地搅拌牛奶蛋糊，防止其表面结皮。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...with the expertise of a chef skinning a rabbit.

具有大厨剥兔子皮的娴熟技艺

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He nearly jumped out of his skin when he saw two rats.

他看到两只老鼠，几乎给吓丢了魂。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He'd have done anything to anybody to save his own skin.

为了活命，他可以不顾任何人，不择手段。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He won, but only by the skin of his teeth.

他赢了，但是赢得十分勉强。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

You need a thick skin to be a headmaster.

要当校长，你就得脸皮厚一些。

柯林斯高阶英语词典