首页英语词典soilsoil的意思

soil

英 [sɒɪl] 美[sɔɪl]

英英释义同义词辨析考试真题实用场景例句

近义词spot slander dirt earth smear ground dirty land defile

n. 土地；土壤；国家；粪便；务农；温床
vt. 弄脏；污辱
vi. 变脏

GRECET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6中频词核心词汇

词态变化

复数: soils;第三人称单数: soils;过去式: soiled;过去分词: soiled;现在分词: soiling;

中文词源

soil 大地，陆地，国土，领土

来自中古英语 soile,大地，陆地，来自拉丁语 solum,脚掌，地面，陆地，来自 PIE*swol,脚掌，词源同 sole,脚掌。引申词义国土，领土。

soil 污泥，土壤，粪泥，肥料，弄脏，玷污

来自古英语 sol,污泥，土壤，粪泥，来自 Proto-Germanic*sula,污泥，泥土，来自 PIE*sul,泥浆，浓稠液体，词源同 sully,弄脏，玷污。

英英释意

1. the state of being covered with unclean things

2. the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock

3. material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use);: "the land had never been plowed"; "good agricultural soil"

4. the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state;: "American troops were stationed on Japanese soil"

英文词源

soil: soil: Soil ‘ground’ [14] and soil ‘make dirty’ [13] are distinct words. The former comes from Anglo-Norman soil ‘land’. This was the formal descendant of Latin solium ‘seat’, but its use for ‘land’ appears to have arisen from confusion with Latin solum ‘ground’. Etymologically, to soil something virtually amounts to making a pigsty of it. The verb comes via Old French souiller from Vulgar Latin *suculāre ‘make dirty’, a derivative of Latin suculus ‘little pig’. This was a diminutive form of sūs ‘pig’, a relative of English sow. French souiller may also be the source of English sully [16].
=> sow, sully
soil (v.): early 13c., "to defile or pollute with sin," from Old French soillier "to splatter with mud, to foul or make dirty," originally "to wallow" (12c., Modern French souillier), from souil "tub, wild boar's wallow, pigsty," which is from either Latin solium "tub for bathing; seat," or Latin suculus "little pig," from sus "pig." Literal meaning "to make dirty, begrime" is attested from c. 1300 in English. Related: Soiled; soiling.
soil (n.1): c. 1300, originally "land, area, place," from Anglo-French soil "piece of ground, place" (13c.), from an merger or confusion of Old French sol "bottom, ground, soil" (12c., from Latin solum "soil, ground;" see sole (n.1)), Old French soeul, sueil "threshold, area, place" (from Latin solium "seat"), and Old French soil, soille "a miry place," from soillier (see soil (v.)).

Meaning "place of one's nativity" is from c. 1400. Meaning "mould, earth, dirt" (especially that which plants grow in) is attested from mid-15c.
soil (n.2): "filth, dirt, refuse matter, sewage, liquid likely to contain excrement," c. 1600, earlier "miry or muddy place" (early 15c.), from Old French soille "miry place," from soillier (v.) "to make dirty," and in part a native formation from soil (v.). This is the sense in archaic night-soil.

同义词辨析

earth, clay, dirt, land, dust, soil, mud, ground

这些名词都有"土地，土，泥"之意。

earth：多指地表带有水分的泥土，较具体。

clay：特指潮湿时发粘，而火烤后变坚硬的泥土。

dirt：指地表的干松泥土。

land：含义笼统。指与河流、海洋相对的陆地，也指可耕种的土地。

dust：特指土壤干燥后，飞扬于空中的细微泥土。

soil：特指适宜栽种农作物或生长各种植物的泥土。

mud：指湿土，尤指雨后稀泥、污泥。

ground：通常指大地的表面，也可指土壤、泥土或场地。

考试真题

We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils.

A 16th century castle in Scotland is close to collapsing after lumps of soil were washed away by floods, threatening its foundations.

The rest goes into the soil.

We can tear apart the great grass cover of the western plains and pour toxic chemicals into the soil until the soil is dead and blows away in the wind.

Grazing herds stimulate microbial activity in the soil, helping to capture water and separate carbon.

In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protection Agenc restricted the type and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil to homes and child-care facilities after concerns were raised about lead poisoning.

Recently, Sanchez bought a hand operated tool which pulls out weeds and loosen soil.

The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements.

Are you going to put the seeds of tomatoes into the soil, too?

But do you know that every year a lot of useless computers and cellphones will ruin the soil?

Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that it is in a hilly area with sandy soil.

Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic soil conditions.

One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

The Chinese ministry of agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

Unlike most of the netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.

Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility.

实用场景例句

poor/dry/acid/sandy/fertile, etc. soil: 贫瘠、干旱、酸性、沙质、肥沃等的土壤

the study of rocks and soils: 对岩石和土壤的研究

soil erosion: 土壤侵蚀

It was the first time I had set foot on African soil.: 那是我第一次踏上非洲大地。

soiled linen: 脏了的日用织品

(figurative)I don't want you soiling your hands with this sort of work (= doing sth unpleasant or wrong) .: 我不希望你干这种事，免得脏了你的手。

We have the most fertile soil in Europe.: 我们拥有欧洲最肥沃的土地。

...regions with sandy soils.: 沙土地区

The issue of foreign troops on Turkish soil is a sensitive one.: 在土耳其领土上驻扎外国军队这个问题非常敏感。

Young people don't want to do things that soil their hands...: 年轻人不愿做那些容易弄脏手的事情。

He raised his eyes slightly as though her words might somehow soil him.: 他略略地抬了抬眼皮，仿佛她的话会不小心玷污了他。

A green manure is a crop grown mainly to improve soil fertility.: 种植绿肥作物主要是为使土壤更加肥沃.

She prepares her lessons and teaches us well.: 她准备好她的课程教好我们.

The soil moisture in the fields was evaporated.: 田里的水分散失了.

In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.: 一片一片的绿色草地开始在那烧焦了的土地上出现了,取代了在那里生长数个世纪的树木.

After the harvest, the peasants began to prepare the soil for seed.: 收割后, 农民就开始整地以便播种.

After the hot dry summer, the soil is cracking up.: 燥热的夏天过后, 土地在龟裂.

Stamp the soil down so that it's compact.: 把泥土踩结实.

The rock has weathered away into soil.: 岩石经雨蚀风化而变成泥土.

Soil consists of various chemical substances.: 土壤由各种化学物质组成.

He compounded water, sand and soil and formed bricks.: 他用水拌和沙和泥土做成砖块.

This plant prefers alkaline soil, though it will readily tolerate some acidity.: 这种植物在酸性土壤中也能生存, 但碱性土壤更加适宜.

After the wheat crop has been gathered, many farmers burn the remains and plough the ash into the soil , so as to enrich the soil.: 割完小麦后, 许多农夫把麦秸烧掉,并把灰烬埋入土中, 以增加土壤肥力.

Lime in the soil is detrimental to some plants.: 土壤里的石灰对某些植物有害.

Scientists study the composition of the soil.: 科学家研究土壤成份.

Plants get the nutrition from the soil in which they grow.: 植物从它们赖以生存的土壤中吸收养分.

soil

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