spike

• n. 长钉，道钉；钉鞋；细高跟
• vt. 阻止；以大钉钉牢；用尖物刺穿
• n. (Spike)人名；(瑞典)斯皮克

可能来自中古瑞典语 spijk,钉子，来自 Proto-Germanic*spikaz,钉子，来自 PIE*spei,尖刺，尖 头，词源同 spire,spoke,pin.词义麦穗来自该印欧词根衍生的拉丁语 spica,麦穗，穗状花序。

1. a transient variation in voltage or current

2. sports equipment consisting of a sharp point on the sole of a shoe worn by athletes;

"spikes provide greater traction"

3. fruiting spike of a cereal plant especially corn

4. (botany) an indeterminate inflorescence bearing sessile flowers on an unbranched axis

5. a sharp rise followed by a sharp decline;

"the seismograph showed a sharp spike in response to the temblor"

6. a sharp-pointed projection along the top of a fence or wall

7. a long sharp-pointed implement (wood or metal)

8. any holding device consisting of a long sharp-pointed object

9. a long metal nail

spike

spike: English has two etymologically distinct words spike, although they are so similar in meaning that they are commonly regarded as one and the same. Spike ‘long sharp piece’ [13] was probably borrowed from Middle Dutch spīker. It has another relative in Swedish spik ‘nail’, and goes back ultimately to prehistoric Germanic *speik-, *spaik- (source also of English spoke).

The spick of spick and span [17] is a variant of spike. The expression is an elaboration of an earlier span-new ‘brand-new’, which was borrowed from Old Norse spánnýr ‘as new as a new chip of wood’ (spánn ‘chip’ is related to English spoon, which originally meant ‘chip’). The spick was added in imitation of Dutch spiksplinter nieuw ‘spike-splinter new’. Spike ‘ear of corn, arrangement of flowers on a stalk similar to this’ [14] was borrowed from Latin spīca, a close relative of spīna ‘thorn’ (source of English spine). Spīca is also ultimately responsible for English spigot [14], perhaps via the diminutive spiculum; and it forms the first syllable of spikenard [14], the name of a sort of ancient aromatic ointment or of the plant that probably produced it.
=> spick; spigot, spine, spoke

spike (v.)

1620s, "to fasten with spikes," from spike (n.1). Meaning "to rise in a spike" is from 1958. Military sense (1680s) means "to disable guns by driving a large nail into the touch-hole." Figurative use of this sense is from 1823. Meaning "to lace (a drink) with liquor" is from 1889. Journalism sense of "to kill a story before publication" (1908) is from the metal spindle in which old-time editors filed hard copy of stories after they were set in type, or especially when rejected for publication. Related: Spiked; spiking.

spike (n.1)

"large nail," mid-14c., perhaps from or related to a Scandinavian word, such as Old Norse spik "splinter," Middle Swedish spijk "nail," from Proto-Germanic *spikaz (cognates: Middle Dutch spicher, Dutch spijker "nail," Old English spicing "large nail," Old English spaca, Old High German speihha "spoke"), from PIE root *spei- "sharp point" (cognates: Latin spica "ear of corn," spina "thorn, prickle, backbone," and perhaps pinna "pin" (see pin (n.)); Greek spilas "rock, cliff;" Lettish spile "wooden fork;" Lithuanian speigliai "thorns," spitna "tongue of a buckle," Old English spitu "spit").

The English word also might be influenced by and partly a borrowing of Latin spica (see spike (n.2)), from the same root. Slang meaning "needle" is from 1923. Meaning "pointed stud in athletic shoes" is from 1832. Electrical sense of "pulse of short duration" is from 1935.

spike (n.2)

"ear of grain," c. 1300, from Latin spica "ear of grain," from PIE *spei-ko-, from suffixed form of root *spei- "sharp point" (see spine).

a row of iron spikes on a wall

墙头的一排尖铁

牛津词典

Her hair stood up in spikes.

她的头发一缕一缕地翘着。

牛津词典

a pair of spikes

一双钉鞋

牛津词典

a spike in oil prices

油价的急剧上涨

牛津词典

He gave her a drink spiked with tranquillizers.

他给了她一杯偷偷放了镇静剂的饮料。

牛津词典

(figurative)Her words were spiked with malice.

她的话暗含恶意。

牛津词典

The article was spiked for fear of legal action against the newspaper.

因担心被提起诉讼，报社未发表那篇文章。

牛津词典

The US dollar spiked to a three-month high.

美元猛然升值到三个月来的最高价。

牛津词典

...a 15-foot wall topped with iron spikes...

顶端装有铁刺的 15 英尺高的墙

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Yellowing receipts had been impaled on a metal spike.

发黄的收据被穿在一根金属扦上。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Her hair stood out in spikes.

她的头发一簇簇竖立着。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a long spike of white flowers.

一长枝尖尖的白花穗

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Although you'd think business would have boomed during the war, there was only a small spike in interest.

人们会认为战争期间生意会很红火，但实际上利息只有小幅上升。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

They wondered whether their drinks had been spiked.

他们有些疑惑自己的饮料里是否被偷偷搀了烈性酒。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...drinks spiked with tranquillisers.

被偷偷加了镇静剂的饮料

柯林斯高阶英语词典

If no. 6 had set up better, Louis would have made a terrific spike.

如果6号队员的二传更好些, 路易斯就会扣个好球.

期刊摘选

That could limit the next spike in commodity prices once the economy recovers.

这样一来,一旦经济复苏,能源价格再度急剧攀升的势头也会受到限制.

期刊摘选

They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.

他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手.

期刊摘选

The probability curve would have collapsed to a narrow spike.

几率线则会缩成一条狭窄的峰.

辞典例句

The seismograph showed a sharp spike in response to the temblor.

地震仪对震动显示一个对应的锐波.

期刊摘选

You can plant a Booby Trap on a Tiberium Spike.

你可以放置一个诡雷在泰矿柱上.

期刊摘选

The turning on current spike is low.

开通电流尖刺比较低.

期刊摘选

What type of a spike would be classified as a Kill with the proposed tryout system?

在这个排球队员选拔系统中,请解释[杀球得分]是什麽意思?

期刊摘选

Eg: Car sales spike in this month, but will return to normal next month.

这个月汽车销售猛增, 但是下个月就会恢复正常.

期刊摘选

Much of the companies'revenue during the recent spike in oil prices went to taxes.

因最近石油价格走高而得到的公司营业收入变成了税收.

期刊摘选

Nor will the news that murders jumped by 5 % — the biggest spike in 15 years.

同样令人不安的还有,有消息称谋杀犯罪发生率上升了5%,为15年来之最.

期刊摘选

Two guys working to spike the Maryland state water supply.

这两个人破坏了马里兰州的水工厂.

电影对白

However, the chances were high spike ambush.

不过伏击秒杀人的几率很高.

期刊摘选