stand

• vi. 站立；位于；停滞
• vt. 使站立；忍受；抵抗
• n. 站立；立场；看台；停止

来自古英语 standan,站立，站起，来自 Proto-Germanic*standana,站立，来自 PIE*sta,站，站 立，词源同 stable,state.引申诸相关词义。

1. a support or foundation;

"the base of the lamp"

2. the position where a thing or person stands

3. a growth of similar plants (usually trees) in a particular area;

"they cut down a stand of trees"

4. a small table for holding articles of various kinds;

"a bedside stand"

5. a support for displaying various articles;

"the newspapers were arranged on a rack"

6. an interruption of normal activity

7. a mental position from which things are viewed;

"we should consider this problem from the viewpoint of the Russians"

"teaching history gave him a special point of view toward current events"

8. a booth where articles are displayed for sale

9. a stop made by a touring musical or theatrical group to give a performance;

"a one-night stand"

10. tiered seats consisting of a structure (often made of wood) where people can sit to watch an event (game or parade)

11. a platform where a (brass) band can play in the open air

12. a defensive effort;

"the army made a final stand at the Rhone"

stand

stand: [OE] Stand goes back ultimately to the prehistoric Indo-European base *stā- ‘stand’. This passed into Germanic as *sta-, *stō-. Addition of the suffix *-nd- produced *standan, source of English stand, while past forms were created with the suffix *-t-, which has given English stood. Another descendant of the Indo- European base was Latin stāre ‘stand’, a prolific source of English words (among them stage, stanza, state, station, statue, etc).
=> stable, stage, stall, stamina, stanza, state, static, station, statue, steed, stool, stud, system

stand (v.)

Old English standan "occupy a place; stand firm; congeal; stay, continue, abide; be valid, be, exist, take place; oppose, resist attack; stand up, be on one's feet; consist, amount to" (class VI strong verb; past tense stod, past participle standen), from Proto-Germanic *sta-n-d- (cognates: Old Norse standa, Old Saxon and Gothic standan, Old High German stantan, parallel with simpler forms, such as Swedish stå, Dutch staan, German stehen [see discussion in OED]), from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet).

Sense of "to exist, be present" is attested from c. 1300. Meaning "encounter without flinching" is from 1590s; weaker sense of "put up with" is from 1620s. Meaning "to submit" (to chances, etc.) is from c. 1700. Meaning "to pay for as a treat" is from 1821. Meaning "become a candidate for office" is from 1550s. Nautical sense of "hold a course at sea" is from 1620s. Meaning "to be so high when standing" is from 1831.

Stand back "keep (one's) distance" is from c. 1400. Phrase stand pat is from poker (1882), earlier simply stand (1824 in other card games). To stand down is from 1680s, originally of witnesses in court; in the military sense of "come off duty" it is first recorded 1916. To let (something) stand is from c. 1200. To stand for is c. 1300 as "count for;" early 14c. as "be considered in lieu of;" late 14c. as "represent by way of sign;" sense of "tolerate" first recorded 1620s. Phrase stands to reason (1620) is from earlier stands (is constant) with reason.

stand (n.)

Old English stand "a pause, delay, state of rest or inaction," from the root of stand (v.). Compare Dutch and German stand (n.). Sense of "action of standing or coming to a position" is attested from late 14c., especially in reference to fighting (1590s). Sense of "state of being unable to proceed" is from 1590s.

Meaning "place of standing, position" is from early 14c.; figurative sense is from 1590s. Meaning "raised platform for a hunter or sportsman" is attested from c. 1400. Meaning "raised platform for spectators at an open-air event" is from 1610s; meaning "piece of furniture on which something is to be set" is from 1690s. Sense of "stall or booth" is first recorded c. 1500. Military meaning "complete set" (of arms, colors, etc.) is from 1721, often a collective singular. Sense of "standing growth" (usually of of trees) is 1868, American English. Theatrical sense of "each stop made on a performance tour" is from 1896. The word formerly also was slang for "an erection" (1867).

situate, lie, stand

这些动词均含"位于"之意。

situate： 通常用过去分词作表语，指某城镇、乡村或某物等的地理位置与环境的关系，即在何处。

lie： 最常用词，不及物，指国家、城镇、道路、湖海等所处的位置。

stand： 多指建筑物等被想象为主体的物体立于某处。

stand, bear, endure, tolerate, suffer, abide, withstand

这些动词均含"忍受"之意。

stand： 口语用词，常可与bear换用，但前者侧重指经受得起，后者强调容忍，是普通用语。

endure： 书面用词，指长时间忍受痛苦和不幸，着重体力或意志力的坚强不屈服。

tolerate： 指以自我克制的态度，对待令人反感或厌恶的东西，含默认宽容意味。

suffer： 通常指非自愿或被迫忍受各种痛苦、困难或不快，强调受到苦难。

abide： 指忍受长期的痛苦或折磨，强调耐心和屈从。多用于否定句和疑问句中。

withstand： 指因具有一定实力、权力或能力而能忍受某种情况。

stand, attitude, position

这些名词均含"态度，立场"之意。

stand： 常指某人对某一问题的看法或立场，有时含个人感情色彩。

attitude： 普通用词，指对于事情的看法和采取的行动，多带不很显确或不便说明的感情色彩。

position： 指对看法有分歧的问题所表示较冷静和节制的态度，常常是经认真考虑后决定的。

But I know if you don't grow, you stand still, and that doesn't work for me.

出自-2017年6月阅读原文

Since industrialization, maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder, with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Still, gamification only stands to become more popular, he says, as more and more people come into the workforce who are familiar with the structures and expressions of digital games.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

I have visited some of the newer supposedly effective schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

For instance, you can move a TV to the kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you're standing at the sink.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Because ConAgra felt the product would be an impulse purchase, it was important to make the item stand out in the freezer case.

出自-2015年12月听力原文

His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an "incredible" new electronic gadget （小器具）in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman.

出自-2012年12月阅读原文

He stood out in three ways－as a technologist, as a corporate （公司的）leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets.

出自-2012年12月阅读原文

Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

I had my heart set on it and I didn't let anything stand in my way.

出自-2012年6月听力原文

"Make your own way"," Stand on your own two feet" or my mother's favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you've made your bed, lie on it.

出自-2011年12月听力原文

If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still.

出自-2011年6月听力原文

She can't stand the hot weather.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

I really can't stand the way David controls the conversation all the time.content>You are standing up all the time.

出自-2010年6月听力原文

At the most cutting-edge retail stores —Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay.

2015年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

But those shifts have yet to be reflected in record obesity levels, which stand at 36.5% overall in the US.

2018年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

I have visited some of the newer supposedly "effective" schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can' t sit still .

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

since industrialization, maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder, with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand.

2016年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

The company spent the last five years developing solar panels that are only about a quarter of an inch thick and are strong enough to stand up to heavy highway traffic without breaking or making the roads more slippery.

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

The outer layers of the volcano were worn away until the hard core stood completely exposed.

出自-2016年12月听力原文

With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr.Williams's salary, professional standing, and educational background.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Per-capita local government spendingIn other words, communities with high levels of per-capita income growth, high percentages of two-parent families, and high local government spending—which may stand for good schools— are the most likely to help poor children relive Horatio Alger's rags-to-riches story.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

One's professional standing and income are related to their educational background.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Apple stands to win as well, hooking more young consumers with decades of technology purchases ahead of them.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do.

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

We stand to lose 10 percent of our price for each week of overdue delivery.

出自-2013年6月听力原文

Make your own way"," Stand on your own two feet" or my mother's favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you've made your bed, lie on it.

出自-2011年12月听力原文

She cannot stand her boss's bad temper.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

The writer can stand aside from experience and look at it, watch it happening

出自-2010年12月听力原文

But very often, a writer can appear to stand aside, and this detachment makes people feel there's a bit of ice in the heart.

出自-2010年12月听力原文

But what was really important about that was the universities stand out as places that really are about the authority of ideas.

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

Here's where there needs to be a much wider public conversation that extends beyond government agencies and scientific communities to include students, hobbyists, and anyone who may potentially stand to be affected by the use of CubeSat technology.

2019年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

In many cases, you could stand at the edge one village and see the outskirts of the next community.

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

In other words, communities with high levels of per-capita income growth, high percentages of two-parent families, and high local government spending — which may stand for good schools — are the most likely to help poor children relive Horatio Alger's rag

2015年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

A rethink is required - and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.

2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

According to London underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the "standing "side.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

After spotting a wallet on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the owner to return.

2018年高考英语北京卷 完形填空 原文

Andy, you've been standing in front of that sandwich counter forever.

2015年高考英语上海卷 听力 原文

Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文

As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.

2015年高考英语浙江卷 单项填空 原文

But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the brown's grove farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.

2015年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（10月） 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me".

2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Fortunately the station-master was standing outside.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（10月） 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

He has a constant urge to check for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He's so addicted to it that he just can't stand the idea that there may be an important text.

2015年高考英语上海卷 语法填空 B 原文

He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.

2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

He's the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene.

2016年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

I count twelve shades of green from where I stand.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 完形填空 原文

I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 完形填空 原文

Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: Should I jump?

2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 七选五 原文

In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London underground as part of a plan to increase capacity at the height of the rush hour.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other "up" escalators will be used for standing only and a mix of walking and standing.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 题设

In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three "up" escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user.

2016年高考英语上海卷 选词填空 原文

It's much faster, for example, to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work rush.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（10月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

My 10-year-old noticed him and make a comment on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind.

2015年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard.

2015年高考英语四川卷 完形填空 原文

On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.

2019年高考英语北京卷 语法填空 原文

Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency.

2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

Peter mcnaught, operations director at London underground, said: "It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at holborn have proved that it can be true."

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

She felt tired after standing too long.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读D 选项

Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me.

2018年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

The next time you're standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you'll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don't be desperate.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

The rest of us have to evade them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.

2015年高考英语湖南卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

The world is full of half-filled stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone's passing interest.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

They have to stand up straight.

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读D 选项

They were unable to stand the winter.

2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读B 选项

This new six-month trial will help US find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

When the car's owner John anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car-which was itself worth ￡35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were shocked to find two policemen standing next to it.

2018年高考英语北京卷 完形填空 原文

When the studio didn't want me for the film -- it wanted somebody as well known as paul -- he stood up for me.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文

With a new farm bill to be debated in congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers ( ' , and even some large food producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.

出自-2010年考研阅读原文

Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.

出自-2013年考研翻译原文

But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.

出自-2015年考研阅读原文

Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.

2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Next time you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view.

2020年考研真题（英语一）翻译 Section Ⅲ

now stand at a record $1.5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stand for its dirty, urban aspect.

2014年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms' political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.

2016年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra—their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.

2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

She was standing beside my bed staring down at me...

她站在我的床边低头盯着我。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

They told me to stand still and not to turn round...

他们叫我站着不动，不要转身。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Becker stood and shook hands with Ben.

贝克尔站起来和本握手。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I stood aside to let her pass me...

我站到一边，让她从我身旁过去。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The policemen stood back. Could it be a bomb?

警察们往后退了退。这会是个炸弹吗？

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The house stands alone on top of a small hill...

房子孤零零地坐落在一座小山顶上。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I reached for the lamp, which stood in the middle of the table.

我伸手去够位于桌子中央的灯。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The palace, which was damaged by bombs in World War II, still stood...

二战中遭到轰炸的那座宫殿依然矗立着。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There are very few buildings left standing.

几乎没有几个建筑物留存下来。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Stand the plant in the open in a sunny, sheltered place.

把这株植物放在一个阳光充足、上方有遮盖物的开阔处。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The salad improves if made in advance and left to stand.

色拉如果能事先做好再搁置一会儿，味道会更好。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He felt the need to make a stand against racism in South Africa...

他感觉有必要表明自己对南非的种族主义持反对态度。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

They must take a stand and cast their votes...

他们必须表明立场并投票。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The amendment will force senators to show where they stand on the issue of sexual harassment...

修订案将迫使参议员们表明自己对性骚扰问题的立场。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

So far, the bishop hasn't said where he stands.

迄今为止，主教还没有表明自己的态度。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

No-one knows where they stand with him; he is utterly unpredictable...

谁也不知道他怎样看待他们;他是个完全不可捉摸的人。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

All children need discipline, to know where they stand.

所有孩子都需要管教，让他们知道别人如何看待自己。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The alliance stands ready to do what is necessary...

联盟已准备好采取必要行动。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He stands accused of destroying the party in pursuit of his presidential ambitions...

他被指责为实现自己当总统的野心而不惜毁灭该党。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Although exceptions could be made, the rule still stands...

虽然可能有例外，但该规定仍然有效。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The Supreme Court says that the convictions can stand.

最高法院说判决结果依然有效。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The inflation rate now stands at 3.6 per cent...

通货膨胀率目前为 3.6%。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Support for the two sides is standing at between 42 and 44 per cent.

双方的支持率在 42%和 44%之间。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She stood five feet five inches tall and weighed 120 pounds...

她身高 5 英尺 5 英寸，体重 120 磅。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The dam will stand 600 feet high...

大坝将高达 600 英尺。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

These are the first machines that can stand the wear and tear of continuously crushing glass...

这些就是第一批能经受住不停碾碎玻璃所造成的磨损的机器。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I think these books can stand comparison quite happily with works by Dickens...

我认为这些书能和狄更斯的作品相媲美。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I can't stand any more. I'm going to run away...

我再也受不了了。我要逃走。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Stoddart can stand any amount of personal criticism...

不管有多少针对他的个人批评，斯托达特都可以忍受。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I can't stand that man and his arrogance...

我讨厌那个男人和他的傲慢。

柯林斯高阶英语词典