首页英语词典standardstandard的意思

standard

英 ['stændəd] 美['stændɚd]

英英释义同义词辨析词组搭配考试真题实用场景例句

近义词pennant flag banner

反义词

n. 标准；水准；旗；度量衡标准
adj. 标准的；合规格的；公认为优秀的
n. (Standard)人名；(英)斯坦达德；(德)施坦达德

CET4TEM4IELTS考研TOEFLCET6中高频词基本词汇

词态变化

复数: standards;

中文词源

standard 旗杆，旗帜，标准，规范

来自古法语 estandart,军旗，旗帜，等同于 stand hard,字面意思即稳固站立。引申词义标准，规范等。

英英释意

1. a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated;: "they set the measure for all subsequent work"

2. the ideal in terms of which something can be judged;: "they live by the standards of their community"

3. a board measure = 1980 board feet

4. the value behind the money in a monetary system

5. an upright pole or beam (especially one used as a support);: "distance was marked by standards every mile"; "lamps supported on standards provided illumination"

6. any distinctive flag

英文词源

standard: standard: Standard ‘flag, banner’ [12] denotes etymologically something that is ‘extended’ or unfurled. The word comes from Anglo-Norman estaundart ‘flag displayed on a battlefield so that troops can rally to it’. This was a derivative of Old French estendre ‘extend’ (first cousin of English extend). The sense ‘criterion, norm’, which emerged in the 15th century, is probably a metaphorical application of the notion of the ‘royal standard’ or banner as being the point from which authoritative commands (as of standards of weight and measurement) are issued. Standard ‘upright object, such as a tree’ [13] is probably an alteration of stander.
=> extend; stand
standard (n.1): mid-12c., "flag or other conspicuous object to serve as a rallying point for a military force," from shortened form of Old French estandart "military standard, banner." According to Barnhart and others, this is probably from Frankish *standhard, literally "stand fast or firm," a compound of unrecorded Frankish words cognate stand (v.) and hard. So called because the flag was fixed to a pole or spear and stuck in the ground to stand upright. The more common theory [OED, etc.] calls this folk-etymology and connects the Old French word to estendre "to stretch out," from Latin extendere (see extend). Some senses (such as "upright pole," mid-15c.) seem to be influenced by if not from stand (v.). Standard-bearer in the figurative sense is from 1560s.
standard (adj.): 1620s, "serving as a standard," from standard (adj.). Earlier it meant "upright" (1530s). Standard-bred "bred up to some agreed-upon standard of excellence" is from 1888.
standard (n.2): "weight, measure, or instrument by which the accuracy of others is determined," late 14c., from standard (n.1) "military standard, banner," a particular use in English of this word, but the sense evolution is "somewhat obscure" [OED]. The standard weights and measures were set by royal ordinance and were known as the king's standard, so perhaps metaphoric, the royal standard coming to stand for royal authority in matters like setting weights and measures. Hence the meaning "authoritative or recognized exemplar of quality or correctness" (late 15c.). Meaning "rule, principal or means of judgment" is from 1560s. That of "definite level of attainment" is attested from 1711 (as in standard of living, 1903).

同义词辨析

standard, criterion, measure, gauge

这些名词均含"标准"之意。

standard：指公认为决定事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。

criterion：较正式用词，指判断、批评事物的标准，但不一定制成了规章。

measure与standard基本同义，但多用于比喻，指衡量某事物的质量准则。

gauge：专指测量物体大小、厚度、直径等的标准规格。

考试真题

In a challenge for manufacturers, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.

By conventional standards, Leah was a typical successful woman before she changed her career.

Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc.

The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.

The average international runway model has a body mass index ( ' , BMI) under 16—low enough to indicate starvation by the World Health Organization's standard.

There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food companies to reduce calories in their processed foods, but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating.

If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you'll hear a lot of the following words: standards, results, skills, self-control, accountability, and so on.

Considering that the government's standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by not cooking at home, we're not eating the right things, and the consequences are hard to overstate.

A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.

Apple's products were designed to accord with the boss's tastes and to meet his extremely high standards.

While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.

Students have to meet higher academic standards

The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day.

One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards

A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also makes them known to others.

To conform to international standards.

Provide professional standard care.

Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven.

He also perfected the souffle—a baked egg dish, and introduced the standard chef's uniform—the same double-breasted white coat and tall white hat still worn by many chefs today.

He wanted to "set the standard for beauty in classical and mode cooling, and prove to the distant future that the French chefs of the 19th century were the most famous in the world", as he wrote in his papers.

Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.

The average international runway model has a body mass index BMI under 16—low enough to indicate starvation by the World Health Organization's standard.

There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food companies to reduce calories in their processed foods, but the Standard American diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert sa

You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc.

In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus' spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state.

Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.

Designer sportswear would have to be verified by a standard other than that of pure beauty; the emulation of a designer's life in designer sportswear was a crude version of this relationship.

The gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars found that even in high-poverty schools, teachers consistently had a huge positive or negative impact.

Overly strict standards often fail, James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said.

But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels? That question, repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet, is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.

All the plans would have to provide standard benefit packages that would be easy to compare.

They’re not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard.

Companies are promoting their own standards, and the market has not had time to choose a winner yet as this is still very new.

Stacy is going to walk you through the step-by-step process of becoming a social worker and Mill will tell you about the range of options you have once you get your social work degree, as well as the high standards of responsibility the social workers must adhere to.

There are standard-shaped bulbs, flame-shaped bulbs, colored globe-shaped bulbs, and more.

It follows the standard naming practice.

Impose more rigid safety standards.

Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students' lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards.

The conception that everyone has a right to an education appropriate to his potential is a highly democratic and compassionate standard, says Marven Breselor, a professor at Princeton University.

Standard & Poor's and Moody's Investors Service rate the level of risk of many corporate and government bonds.

Major supermarkets, in meeting consumer expectations, will often reject entire crops of perfectly edible fruit and vegetables at the farm because they do not meet exacting marketing standards for their physical characteristics, such as size and appearance.

Rising population combined with improved nutrition standards and shifting dietary preferences will exert pressure for increases in global food supply

For example, modest joggers should not compare their performance with Olympic standard marathon（马拉松）runners.

In it the majority of students will have conformed to the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western.

help raise people's living standards

There is no standard for a person with alcoholism.

And Burke says that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies—the researchers' gold standard.

But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?

By comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your standard laptop in an office anywhere in the world.

In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living.

Instead, they receive a fixed rate, which is typically about $825 for a standard four-hour vocal session.

They're not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard.

Twenty years ago, the Urban Land Institute defined the two types of cities that dominated the US landscape: smaller cities that operated around standard 9-5 business hours and large metropolitan areas that ran all 24 hours of the day.

While farming is often difficult for both the body and mine, Sanchez says he and many of his fellow young farmers are motivated by desire to set a new standard for agriculture.

Although the main attraction was the soup, Roze's chain shops also set a new standard for dining out.

By analysing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week, 40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime.

By society's standards, they seem to have it made.

How does intensive course differ from standard course?

However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

In the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes.

Our intensive course builds on our standard course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning see table below.

Our standard course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.

Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.

The number of cities producing co beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.

The transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.

We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.

The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.

More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.

According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits.”

The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.

Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters.

European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board ( ' , IASB) do likewise.

Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters.

After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board ( ' , FASB) rushed through rule changes.

Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”.

Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options.

In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.

Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.

Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.

The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed.

According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was "So much importance attached to intellectual pursuits. "

词组搭配

raise one's (或 the) standard

(chiefly figurative)take up arms

(主喻)拿起武器，反对

he is the only one who has dared raise his standard against her.
他是唯一敢起来反对她的人。

实用场景例句

a fall in academic standards: 学术水准的下降

We aim to maintain high standards of customer care.: 我们的宗旨是始终以高标准为顾客服务。

The standard of this year's applications is very low.: 今年的申请标准很低。

He failed to reach the required standard , and did not qualify for the race.: 他未能达到所要求的标准，因而不具备参赛资格。

Her work is not up to standard (= of a good enough standard) .: 她的工作不合格。

Who sets the standard for water quality?: 水质标准由谁来制订？

A number of Britain's beaches fail to meet European standards on cleanliness.: 英国有几处海滩不符合欧洲的清洁标准。

In the shanty towns there are very poor living standards .: 棚户区的生活水平很低。

You'd better lower your standards if you want to find somewhere cheap to live.: 要想找个便宜的地方住，你最好降低要求。

It was a simple meal by Eddie's standards.: 在埃迪看来，那不过是一顿便饭。

The equipment is slow and heavy by modern standards .: 按现代标准，那台设备又慢又笨重。

a man of high moral standards: 道德水准高的人

Standards aren't what they used to be.: 现在的行为标准和过去不一样了。

a reduction in the weight standard of silver coins: 银币法定重量标准的降低

industry standards: 工业标准

A standard letter was sent to all candidates.: 给所有求职者均寄去了一封标准函。

Televisions are a standard feature in most hotel rooms.: 电视机是多数旅馆房间里的标准设施。

the standard rate of tax (= paid by everyone): 标准税率

It is standard practice to search visitors as they enter the building.: 对进入这栋建筑物的来访者进行搜查是例行做法。

All vehicles come with a CD player as standard .: 所有汽车售出时通常都配有CD播放机。

standard sizes of clothes: 服装的标准尺寸

Standard English: 规范的英语

The standard of professional cricket has never been lower...: 职业板球的水平从来没有这么低过。

There will be new national standards for hospital cleanliness.: 有关医院清洁的新国家标准将会出台。

...systems that were by later standards absurdly primitive.: 以后来的标准来衡量显得非常原始的系统

My father has always had high moral standards.: 我父亲一直具有很高的道德准则。

It was standard practice for untrained clerks to advise in serious cases such as murder...: 让未经过训练的书记员在诸如谋杀等重大案件中提供建议是普遍的做法。

No other executive car can offer you the same level of standard equipment at this price.: 再无其他高级轿车能按这个价格水平为你提供同样水准的标准配置。

standard

词态变化

中文词源

英英释意

英文词源

同义词辨析

考试真题

词组搭配

raise one's (或 the) standard

实用场景例句

考试词汇

频率词汇

分类词汇

单词首字母

汉语字典查询

词语词性