turkey
英 ['tɜːkɪ]
美['tɝki]
- n. 火鸡；笨蛋；失败之作
词态变化
复数: turkeys;
中文词源
turkey 火鸡
词源同 Turkey,土耳其。在 16 世纪时，有一种类似火鸡的禽鸟叫 guinea fowl,几内亚禽鸟，或 几内亚鸡，从马达加斯加经过土耳其进入欧洲，所以又称为 turkey,后来西班牙殖民者发现美 洲新大陆后，他们注意到当地有一种较大的火鸡长得与这种非洲禽鸟非常相似，且这种鸟个 头巨大，非常笨拙，因此，他们也把这种鸟叫作 turkey,并引进欧洲。后随着生物学分类更加 细化，人们发现这两种禽鸟实际上属于不同种类，为以示区别，后来就把美洲的禽鸟叫 turkey, 把非洲的禽鸟借用希腊语 meleagris 称呼。
英英释意
- 1. large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food
- 2. a person who does something thoughtless or annoying;
- "some joker is blocking the driveway"
- 3. flesh of large domesticated fowl usually roasted
- 4. an event that fails badly or is totally ineffectual;
- "the first experiment was a real turkey"
- "the meeting was a dud as far as new business was concerned"
- 5. wild turkey of Central America and northern South America
英文词源
- turkey
- turkey: [16] The term turkey was originally applied to the ‘guinea-fowl’, apparently because the bird was imported into Europe from Africa by the Portuguese through Turkish territory. When the American bird we now know as the turkey was introduced to the British in the mid 16th century, it seems to have reminded them of the guinea fowl, for they transferred the guinea fowl’s name turkey to it.
- turkey (n.)
- 1540s, originally "guinea fowl" (Numida meleagris), a bird imported from Madagascar via Turkey, and called guinea fowl when brought by Portuguese traders from West Africa. The larger North American bird (Meleagris gallopavo) was domesticated by the Aztecs, introduced to Spain by conquistadors (1523) and thence to wider Europe. The word turkey first was applied to it in English 1550s because it was identified with or treated as a species of the guinea fowl, and/or because it got to the rest of Europe from Spain by way of North Africa, then under Ottoman (Turkish) rule. Indian corn was originally turkey corn or turkey wheat in English for the same reason.
The Turkish name for it is hindi, literally "Indian," probably influenced by Middle French dinde (c. 1600, contracted from poulet d'inde, literally "chicken from India," Modern French dindon), based on the then-common misconception that the New World was eastern Asia.After the two birds were distinguished and the names differentiated, turkey was erroneously retained for the American bird, instead of the African. From the same imperfect knowledge and confusion Melagris, the ancient name of the African fowl, was unfortunately adopted by Linnæus as the generic name of the American bird. [OED]
The New World bird itself reputedly reached England by 1524 at the earliest estimate, though a date in the 1530s seems more likely. The wild turkey, the North American form of the bird, was so called from 1610s. By 1575, turkey was becoming the usual main course at an English Christmas. Meaning "inferior show, failure," is 1927 in show business slang, probably from the bird's reputation for stupidity. Meaning "stupid, ineffectual person" is recorded from 1951. Turkey shoot "something easy" is World War II-era, in reference to marksmanship contests where turkeys were tied behind a log with their heads showing as targets. To talk turkey (1824) supposedly comes from an old tale of a Yankee attempting to swindle an Indian in dividing up a turkey and a buzzard as food. - Turkey
- country name, late 14c., from Medieval Latin Turchia, from Turcus (see Turk) + -ia.
考试真题
- Tourism throughout' Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the victim of several deadly terrorist attacks.
2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A
- London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- Turkey and Iran have announced plans to build bases, too.
出自-2016年12月阅读原文
- Imaging how you both feel if she fixed the turkey dinner or something.
出自-2012年6月听力原文
- Employees still tell stories of how the Wallaces would take care of employees who had met with misfortunes and they showered their employees with unusual benefits like a turkey at Thanksgiving and Fridays off in May.
2018年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C
- London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands,some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey.
2017年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C
- Parts of the Balkan region and Turkey follow the diet, as well as middle Eastern countries like Lebanon and Syria.
2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C
词组搭配
like turkeys voting for Christmas
(informal)used to suggest that a particular action or decision is hopelessly self-defeating
(非正式)像火鸡支持圣诞节一样（指某个举动或决定完全是无望地自我拆台）
talk turkey
(N. Amer. informal)discuss something frankly and straightforwardly
(北美，非正式)坦率直接地讨论
talk turkey【非正式用语】
To speak frankly and get down to the basic facts of a matter.
直率地说：坦率认真地谈话；切中要害地谈话
实用场景例句
- roast turkey
- 烤火鸡肉
牛津词典
- His latest movie is a real turkey.
- 他最近的那部电影是一大败笔。
牛津词典
- So, please quit the cold turkey and eat more vegetables and fruits!
- 所以, 在戒烟的同时不要忘记多吃点水果与蔬菜!
期刊摘选
- It is equal in size to a turkey.
- 它的大小和火鸡一样.
《现代汉英综合大词典》
- They broiled turkey over a charcoal flame.
- 他们在木炭上烤火鸡.
《简明英汉词典》
- The turkey was brought smoking hot to the table.
- 把火鸡热气腾腾地端上了桌子.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- A Turkey carpet adorned the floor.
- 地板上铺着土耳其地毯.
《简明英汉词典》
- Greece broke off relations with Turkey.
- 希腊断绝了与土耳其的外交关系.
《简明英汉词典》
- Shall we have fish instead of turkey today?
- 今天我们不吃火鸡肉吃鱼好 吗 ?
《简明英汉词典》
- The turkey was served with a garnish of parsley.
- 做好的火鸡上面配上芫荽菜做点缀.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- The savo ( u ) ry smell of roast turkey greeted us as we entered the house.
- 我们一走进房子,烤火鸡的浓郁香味扑面而来.
《现代英汉综合大词典》
- It's traditional to eat turkey at Thanksgiving.
- 感恩节吃火鸡是传统.
《简明英汉词典》
- The turkey is basted to keep it from drying out.
- 烤火鸡时润以油脂以免烤干.
《简明英汉词典》
- The eggshells crackled, and the turkey babies fluttered and cheeped and snuggled against me.
- 蛋壳裂开了, 初生的火鸡拍动着翅膀,卿卿地叫着,偎依着我.
《简明英汉词典》
- We always eat turkey on Thanksgiving.
- 我们过感恩节时总是吃火鸡。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- It's traditional in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.
- 感恩节时吃火鸡是美国的传统。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- a splendid feast of turkey with all the trimmings
- 备有各种配料的丰盛火鸡大餐
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- His latest movie is a real turkey.
- 他最近的那部电影是一大败笔。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- She avoided the issue by ordering a turkey sandwich.
- 她点了份火鸡三明治，以此来避开这个重要问题。
柯林斯例句
- The two great rivers of the Middle East rise in the mountains of Turkey.
- 中东地区的两大河流发源于土耳其境内的山脉。
柯林斯例句
- The haulage company was a carrier of machine parts to Turkey.
- 该公路货运公司负责将机械零件运往土耳其。
柯林斯例句
- Alexandretta had been occupied by the French in 1918 after the defeat of Turkey.
- 土耳其溃败之后，亚历山大勒塔在1918年被法国人占领。
柯林斯例句
- Some people like to truss up the turkey.
- 有些人喜欢烹饪前把火鸡的腿和翅膀扎紧。
柯林斯例句
- Dr Kengerli looks to Turkey as his mother country.
- 肯戈理博士视土耳其为自己的祖国。
柯林斯例句
- It's a proper Christmas dinner, with turkey and bread sauce.
- 这是顿像样的圣诞大餐，有火鸡和牛奶沙司。
柯林斯例句
- The quickest way to get her off the drug was to let her go cold turkey.
- 要使她摆脱毒品，最快的方法是让她彻底戒毒。
柯林斯例句
- Turkey and Greece were buffer states against the former Soviet Union.
- 土耳其和希腊是前苏联与反苏国家之间的缓冲国。
柯林斯例句
- Will you stuff the turkey and shove it in the oven for me?
- 你能帮我给火鸡填上料然后放进烤箱里吗？
柯林斯例句
- Once the turkey has defrosted, remove the giblets.
- 一旦火鸡解冻了之后，就把其内脏清除掉。
柯林斯例句