abandon
英 [ə'bænd(ə)n]
美[ə'bændən]
英英释义
同义词辨析
词组搭配
考试真题
实用场景例句
近义词quit desert forsake entirely withdraw leave up give discontinue cease surrender depart evacuate discard relinquish undone
反义词
- n. 狂热；放任
- vt. 遗弃；放弃
词态变化
第三人称单数: abandons;过去式: abandoned;过去分词: abandoned;现在分词: abandoning;
中文词源
来自古法语短语 à bandon，由 à（at，to）+ bandon（权力，管辖权）组成，字面意思就是“使自己处于……的管辖之下”，常用来表示放弃自己的权利、独立性或应尽的义务。其中法语单词 bandon（权力）与英语单词 ban（禁令）有关，而 ban 原本指的是封建领主在自己的领地上拥有管辖权，可以发布公告，要求或禁止人们做什么。同源词：ban（禁令），banish（放逐），bandit（强盗、法外之徒），contraband（走私、禁运品），banns（ 结婚预告）。
英英释意
- 1. the trait of lacking restraint or control; freedom from inhibition or worry;
- "she danced with abandon"
- 2. a feeling of extreme emotional intensity;
- "the wildness of his anger"
英文词源
- abandon
- abandon: [14] The Old French verb abandoner is the source of abandon. It was based on a bandon, meaning literally ‘under control or jurisdiction’, which was used in the phrase mettre a bandon ‘put someone under someone else’s control’ – hence ‘abandon them’. The word bandon came, in altered form, from Latin bannum ‘proclamation’, which is circuitously related to English banns ‘proclamation of marriage’ and is an ancestor of contraband.
=> banns, contraband - abandon (v.)
- late 14c., "to give up, surrender (oneself or something), give over utterly; to yield (oneself) utterly (to religion, fornication, etc.)," from Old French abandoner (12c.), from adverbial phrase à bandon "at will, at discretion," from à "at, to" (see ad-) + bandon "power, jurisdiction," from Latin bannum, "proclamation," from a Frankish word related to ban (v.).
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Etymologically, the word carries a sense of "put someone under someone else's control." Meaning "to give up absolutely" is from late 14c. Related: Abandoned; abandoning. - abandon (n.)
- "a letting loose, surrender to natural impulses," 1822, from a sense in French abandon (see abandon (v.). Borrowed earlier (c. 1400) from French in a sense "(someone's) control;" and compare Middle English adverbial phrase at abandon, i.e. "recklessly," attested from late 14c.
同义词辨析
abandon, desert, forsake, leave, give up
这些动词或词组均含"抛弃，放弃"之意
abandon：强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等，这可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
desert：着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。
forsake：侧重断绝感情上的依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。
leave：普通用词，指舍弃某事或某一职业，或终止同一某人的关系，但不涉及动机与果。
give up：普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。
考试真题
- Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into crossdisciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers.
出自-2017年6月阅读原文
- By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.
出自-2016年12月阅读原文
- The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.
出自-2015年考研阅读原文
词组搭配
abandon ship
leave a ship because it is sinking
弃船
实用场景例句
- The baby had been abandoned by its mother.
- 这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。
牛津词典
- The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.
- 研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。
牛津词典
- Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.
- 大雪迫使许多驾驶者弃车步行。
牛津词典
- They had to abandon their lands to the invading forces.
- 他们不得不舍弃土地，让侵略军占领。
牛津词典
- He gave the order to abandon ship (= to leave the ship because it was sinking) .
- 他下令弃船（因船快要沉没）。
牛津词典
- The country abandoned its political leaders after the war.
- 战后该国人民不再拥护他们的政治领袖。
牛津词典
- By 1930 he had abandoned his Marxist principles.
- 1930年时他已放弃了马克思主义信念。
牛津词典
- They abandoned the match because of rain.
- 因为下雨，他们中止了比赛。
牛津词典
- She abandoned hope of any reconciliation.
- 她对和解已不再抱有希望。
牛津词典
- He abandoned himself to despair.
- 他陷入绝望。
牛津词典
- He signed cheques with careless abandon.
- 他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
牛津词典
- He claimed that his parents had abandoned him...
- 他声称父母遗弃了他。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The road is strewn with abandoned vehicles.
- 道路上满是弃置的车辆。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food...
- 当局中止了分发食物的尝试。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.
- 因为担心破产，该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea.
- 最终理智占了上风，他打消了那个念头。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.
- 我们不敢放纵自己的情感，以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- He has spent money with gay abandon...
- 他肆意挥霍钱财。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Their permissiveness toward their children reflects the wild abandon of their own lives.
- 他们对孩子的放任折射出他们自身生活的放浪形骸。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
- 全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- What does the abandon ship alarm signal sound like?
- 如何描述弃船员讯号的响声?
期刊摘选
- They appealed to him to abandon the idea.
- 他们请求他放弃这个想法.
期刊摘选
- Abandon harsh words, and speak pleasantly instead.
- 不讲粗话, 说话和气.
期刊摘选
- The alarm was an abandon drill.
- 刚才的警报是弃船演习.
期刊摘选