首页英语词典hardhard的意思

hard

英 [hɑːd] 美[hɑrd]

英英释义同义词辨析词组搭配考试真题实用场景例句

近义词unyielding stern strict inflexible

反义词

adj. 努力的；硬的；困难的；辛苦的；确实的；严厉的；猛烈的；冷酷无情的
adv. 努力地；困难地；辛苦地；接近地；猛烈地；牢固地
n. (Hard)人名；(英、芬、瑞典)哈德

CET4TEM4IELTS考研CET6高频词基本词汇

词态变化

比较级: harder;最高级: hardest;名词: hardness;

中文词源

hard 坚硬的，坚固的，困难的，艰苦的

来自古英语heard,坚固的，坚硬的，固定的，来自PIE*ker,硬的，词源同democracy,aristocracy.由坚硬的引申词义顽强的，耐受的，环境艰苦的，困难的等多种词义。可能来自PIE*sker,弯，转，编织，词源同cradle,crown.由编织引申词义团结，坚固。

英英释意

1. not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure;: "a difficult task"; "nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access"; "difficult times"; "a difficult child"; "found himself in a difficult situation"; "why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?"

2. metaphorically hard;: "a hard fate"; "took a hard look"; "a hard bargainer"; "a hard climb"

3. not yielding to pressure or easily penetrated;: "hard as rock"

4. very strong or vigorous;: "strong winds"; "a hard left to the chin"; "a knockout punch"; "a severe blow"

5. characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort;: "worked their arduous way up the mining valley"; "a grueling campaign"; "hard labor"; "heavy work"; "heavy going"; "spent many laborious hours on the project"; "set a punishing pace"

6. of speech sounds

7. of a drinker or drinking; indulging intemperately;: "does a lot of hard drinking"; "a heavy drinker"

8. having undergone fermentation;: "hard cider"

9. having a high alcoholic content;: "hard liquor"

10. unfortunate or hard to bear;: "had hard luck"; "a tough break"

11. dried out;: "hard dry rolls left over from the day before"

英文词源

hard: hard: [OE] Hard comes ultimately from a prehistoric Indo-European *krátus, which denoted ‘power, strength’. This original meaning was carried over into Greek krátos ‘strength, power, authority’ (source of the ending -cracy in such English words as democracy and plutocracy), but the Germanic languages took it over mainly in the sense ‘resistant to physical pressure’.

The prehistoric Germanic form *kharthuz produced, besides English hard, German hart, Dutch hard, Swedish hård, and Danish haard. The sense ‘difficult’, incidentally, developed in the 14th and 15th century from the notion ‘resistant to one’s efforts’. A Germanic derived verb *kharthjan ‘harden’ was borrowed into Old French as hardir ‘embolden’, and its past participle hardi ‘bold’ reached English as hardy [13].

Its main modern sense, ‘robust, tough’, presumably a harking back to its distant English relative hard, developed in the 16th century.
=> hardy
hard (adj.): Old English heard "solid and firm, not soft," also, "difficult to endure, carried on with great exertion," also, of persons, "severe, rigorous, harsh, cruel," from Proto-Germanic *hardu- (cognates: Old Saxon hard, Old Frisian herd, Dutch hard, Old Norse harðr "hard," Old High German harto "extremely, very," German hart, Gothic hardus "hard"), from PIE *kortu- (cognates: Greek kratos "strength," kratys "strong"), suffixed form of root *kar-/*ker- "hard."

Meaning "difficult to do" is from c. 1200. Of water, in reference to the presence of mineral salts, 1650s; of consonants, 1775. Hard of hearing preserves obsolete Middle English sense of "having difficulty in doing something." In the sense "strong, spiritous, fermented" from 1789 (as in hard cider, etc.), and this use probably is the origin of that in hard drugs (1955). Hard facts is from 1853; hard news in journalism is from 1918. Hard copy (as opposed to computer record) is from 1964; hard disk is from 1978; the computer hard drive is from 1983. Hard times "period of poverty" is from 1705. Hard money (1706) is specie, as opposed to paper. Hence 19c. U.S. hard (n.) "one who advocates the use of metallic money as the national currency" (1844). To play hard to get is from 1945. Hard rock as a pop music style recorded from 1967. To do something the hard way is from 1907.
hard (adv.): Old English hearde "firmly, severely," from hard (adj.). Meaning "with effort or energy, with difficulty" is late 14c.

同义词辨析

difficult, hard

这两个形容词均有"困难"之意。

difficult比hard较为正式，侧重需要特别的能力、智力、判断力、技巧或勇气才能克服障碍。也可指深奥或抽象的难题。

hard：含义广，通俗用词，与easy相对，泛指任何难理解，不好处理或不易做的事。

firm, hard, solid

这些形容词都可表示"坚定的，结实的"之意。

firm：侧重指质地坚硬、不易切割或有弹性，一旦变形会很快恢复原形。

hard：侧重有抗拒压力或拉力的性质，但不一定有弹性。

solid：着重质地紧密、坚实和无间隙，含有在外部压力下仍可保持原有形状的意味。

考试真题

You feel the same emotions – it is just as raw, just as fresh… You can't turn off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try.

This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many big firms, a large proportion of staff are temporary contractors.

The least that can be concluded from this research is that companies need to think harder about managing teams.

Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team's purpose.

Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.

It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments, says Donohue.

In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago, Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined.

If it is hard enough to define a team's membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder still.

Auto makers and tech companies are working hard to offer the first true selfdriving car.

What about supply? The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand.

Since industrialization, maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder, with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand.

Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.

Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype ( ' , 固定看法 )? Can doing one's homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.

We can cultivate a growth mind-set in children by telling success stories that emphasize hard work and love of learning.

They understood that even geniuses have to work hard.

They thought that a person with talent or intelligence did not need to work hard to do well.

They had negative views of effort, believing that having to work hard was a sign of low ability.

They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.

The mastery-oriented children, on the other hand, think intelligence is not fixed and can be developed through education and hard work.

The author's experiment shows that students with a fixed mind-set believe having to work hard is an indication of low ability.

In fact, vaguely-stated possibilities of winning a prize were more effective than options with hard odds included.

In addition, they held hard work in high regard.

How do we transmit a growth mind-set to our children? One way is by telling stories about achievements that result from hard work.

Confronted by a setback such as a disappointing test grade, students with a growth mind-set said they would study harder or try a different strategy.

Another group of helpless children who were simply rewarded for their success on easier problems did not improve their ability to solve hard math problems.

Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food, the stuff that is correctly called junk ( ' , 垃圾 ) and should really carry warning labels? It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by.

The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification ( ' , 快乐 ) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.

Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.

Passionate, energetic debate does not require anger and hard feelings to be effective.

Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.

Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.

Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn't reproduce it in most of the US either.

Considering that the government's standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by not cooking at home, we're not eating the right things, and the consequences are hard to overstate.

Building on a child's ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn't be that hard.

Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.

"I have been bothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity,"said a Democratic member of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficiently inquiring attitude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Chri

"In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago," Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, life Reimagined.

"It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments," says Donohue.

Again, the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving.

As he got in the habit of hard work, his grades began to soar.

Auto makers and tech companies are working hard to offer the first true self-driving car.

But it seems to me that it's actually very hard work.

But scientists released a report Monday documenting, with hard evidence, the discovery of "lost lions".

By and large, people felt that their actions and hard work—not outside forces—were the deciding factor in how their lives turned out.

Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive (认知的)scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work.

I can promise you one thing: whatever you choose to do for a career, if you work hard at it, eventually, special things will happen.

I choose to believe in hard work, but not so much in talent.

In other words, when it comes to cities—or anything else—it is hard to predict the future.

In the early stages, drug use is often hard to see.

Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems?

It can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material.

It is genuinely hard to know.

It is often hard for them to find food.

It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn't reproduce it in most of the US either.

It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by.

One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no".

One way is by telling stories about achievements that result from hard work.

Postal services work hard to identify items that require priority treatment.

The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.

The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand.

There are no special people, just people who put in enough hard work until something special happens.

They worked hard at whatever they did, but they had a sense of achievement.

While alternative estimates of the damage from carbon emissions differ, and it's especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events, most estimates suggest substantial negative effects.

Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children's grades as long as they work hard.

Whether this is right, and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall, is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.

The changes would have to be approved or rejected as a whole by Congress, making it hard for narrow-interest lobbies to bend lawmakers to their will.

Here are some of the important proposals in the House and Senate bills to try to address those problems, and why it is hard to know how well they will work.

Changes in policy would be approved or rejected as a whole so that lobbyists would find it hard to influence lawmakers.

But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.

With several monitoring stations operating in Antarctica, Russia is trying hard to counter America's dominance in the field of worldwide navigational facilities.

Some countries have had a hard time here.

It is hard to say whether it is good or bad.

Companies are pushing it hard but make it almost overwhelming even to dip a toe in the water for the average consumer, because there are so many compatibility issues to think about.

And it is hard not to think: Are we in an innovation lull ( ' , 间歇期 )?In some ways, the answer is yes.

Americans are working longer and harder hours than ever before.

The outer layers of the volcano were worn away until the hard core stood completely exposed.

That’s what hard-working men and women say to justify their lavish vacations, big stereo systems or regular restaurant meals.

Whether it's a sports team or a presidential campaign, everybody relishes having the big momentum, because it makes them harder to stop or change direction.

There is no doubt that spaceflight entails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks, and to reduce them with the benefit of hard-won experience.

So a heavy object, like a football player moving at a high speed, has a lot of momentum — that is, once be is moving, it is hard to change his state of motion.

No matter how hard you try, you can't turn something that large on a dime ( ' , 10 美分硬币 ),or even a few thousand dimes.

It is easy to change a light bulb, sure, but it is harder to change the bulb and its fixture.

It has tried hard to satisfy students' various needs.

Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn't look good to have a large gap between the rich and the poor, but because inequality itself destroys upward mobility, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty.

Despite mournful polar bears and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most people find it hard to believe that global warming will affect them personally.

As recent graduates can testify, the job market isn't kind to candidates who can't demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard.

A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs（横档） in that ladder have grown farther apart.

"It's been hard not to share pictures of her because people always want to know how babies and toddler (学走路的孩子) are doing and to see pictures, but we made the decision to have social media while she did not," O'Hanlon said.

And it is hard not to think: Are we in an innovation lull?

And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, the money kind of comes automatically.

As careers and vocations become less available during times of recession, adolescents may be especially hard hit.

But convincing open-minded dairy people is actually not that hard, when you look at the economics.

But the other team members were working as hard and long as he was.

Choosing the right career can be hard.

Companies are pushing it hard but make it almost overwhelming even to dip a toe in the water for the average consumer, because there are so many compatibility issues to think about.

For instance, DeWalt discovered that many contractors were holding on to their old tools, even if they no longer worked, because they were expensive purchases and it was hard to justify bringing them in to recycle.

Gathering your resources to "try hard" requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level.

He laid off several hundred workers; especially hard hit were the blue- and pink-collar departments such as subscription fulfillment.

However, it is very hard to demonstrate causes using non-experimental data such as this.

I had to be really persistent and it was very hard work.

I know it's the end of high school, but many of my classmates are going on to the same university and we are still required to study hard, so what's the difference?

Kristi King, a diet specialist at Texas Children's Hospital, finds it's hard to get teenager patients' attention about healthy eating.

Natural talent helps in some way, but at the end of the day you really do need to work hard and get really, really good at what you do.

Navajo is hard to learn and only a few people know it.

No matter how hard you try, you can't turn something that large on a dime, or even a few thousand dimes.

Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.

Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they work hard enough even in the face of adversity, they would be rewarded with success.

She found she did spend a lot less money because it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need—she was forever drawing money out of Cashpoints.

She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops.

So a heavy object, like a football player moving at a high speed, has a lot of momentum — that is, once he is moving, it is hard to change his state of motion.

So far, machines have a pretty hard time emulating creativity, arbitrary enough not to be predicted by a computer, and yet more than simple randomness.

So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.

The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census data.

Additionally, group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard.

And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.

But alternative explanations are hard to find.

But sometimes it seems too hard to leave the sofa.

By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift (迁移).

By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends.

Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.

Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.

Dad sat me down and said, "Alice, I know it's hard, but it's all about persistence (坚持不懈)."

Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

Exciting! But it was hard work.

Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner than ever.

Hard work is necessary in one's achievements.

Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.

Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledged after a customer nominated her to be cheshire's woman of the year.

His son tried hard to finish homework.

However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.

However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.

I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive.

I have thought long and hard about it and it's true.

I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster.

If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

If we work hard,we will find a way out.

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! with such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.

I'm still having a hard time with the language.

In his introduction, he made it clear that our credits would be hard-earned.

In return, we expect students to work hard.

In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.

It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 percent making emotional demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.

It enables her to work hard.

It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

It's a hard business review of your product.

Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again.

It's even harder to provides energy.

It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.

It's harder than we expect to follow a new course.

It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary.

Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock.

Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless.

Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable future for one of dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements.

Mary has been working really hard on his book and thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.

No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.

On a summer evening in beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit.

One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller stuck going over a fence—which wasn't hard to climb if you had both arms.

One should learn to enjoy hard times.

People speak very fast and it's hard to get them to repeat things.

People, in general, are less warm here and it's hard to make friends.

She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.

She practiced hard and finally made it.

She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.

She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks.

Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration.

That night, hurricane sandy attacked the east coast, and rockaway was hit especially hard.

The dark-colored road surface makes the youngsters hard to be noticed.

The language in their contracts is usually harder to understand.

The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded success in the end.

The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting.

The team are working hard to analyze the problem so that they can find the best solution.

The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot harder than they remember it was in their 20s.

They are hard to get rid of.

They find it hard to make changes.

They recognize there's something missing in their lives, but it's hard to step off the track.

Thinking hard about it, I came to realize that my team might not be the number one team in georgia, but they were depending on me.

This isn't as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading an interesting piece of literature.

Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue.

Today, it's hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program.

When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.

When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.

Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.

Your dad works very hard at the bank.

One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools.

It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.

Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.

The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on.

Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.

It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get.

It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.

It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked.

Likewise,automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work.

"It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked.

"When I come home from a hard day's work, I often feel tired," Danaher says, adding,"In a world in which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different" - perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity

An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

And picking crops is hard on older bodies.

But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain, a good laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

Certainly, it's incredibly hard to maintain patience at all times with your children.

Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won't last forever.

Having said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.

Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact.

I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate depiction of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym.

If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day—chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins—are

It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community.

It is hard to shove for attention billionaire-pound infrastructure projects, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere.

It might also be hard for airlines to coordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight.

It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.

It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students.

It's not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London.

It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help shape how executives think about the future. "It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and lean towards R&D more than the average," said on

likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work.

One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that "liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools".

Scientists say the compound is "bound to be carcinogenic" but have no hard scientific proof.

These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.

This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.

We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric.

词组搭配

be hard on

treat or criticize (someone) severely

严厉对待；苛待；苛责

you're being too hard on her.
你对她太严厉了。

be difficult for or unfair to

使受苦；对…不公平

I think the war must have been hard on her.
我想战争一定使她吃了不少苦。

be likely to hurt or damage

对…有害

the monitor flickers, which is hard on the eyes.
显示器闪烁不定，这对眼睛有害。

be hard put (to it)

[usu. with infinitive]find it very difficult

觉得…很难；很难做到

you'll be hard put to find a better compromise.
你很难找到比这更好的折衷办法。

give someone a hard time

(informal)deliberately make a situation difficult for someone

(非正式)有意为难某人

go hard with

(dated)turn out to (someone's) disadvantage

(旧)对…不利

it would go hard with the poor.
这会对穷人不利。

hard as nails

it would go hard with the poor.
这会对穷人不利。

hard at it

(informal)busily working or occupied

(非正式)忙得不可开交

they were hard at it with brooms and mops.
他们忙着用扫帚和拖把打扫卫生。

hard by

close to

靠近

he lived hard by the cathedral.
他住得离大教堂很近。

hard done by

(Brit.)harshly or unfairly treated

(英)被虐待；受到不公平对待

she would be justified in feeling hard done by.
要是她觉得受到了虐待，这完全有道理。

hard feelings

[usu. with negative]feelings of resentment

怨恨

there are no hard feelings and we wish him well.
我们一点不怨恨，我们希望他好。

hard going

difficult to understand or enjoy

难理解的，难懂的；缺少乐趣的

the studying is at times hard going.
研究有时是很困难的。

hard hit

badly affected

受到严重影响，受到严重打击

Trinidad had been hard hit by falling oil prices.
特立尼达受到石油价格下跌的严重打击。

hard luck (或 lines)

(Brit. informal)used to express sympathy or commiserations

(英，非正式)[用于表示同情、怜悯、遗憾、可惜]真可惜；真遗憾

if you don't like it then hard luck.
如果你不喜欢它，那真是可惜。

a hard nut to crack

(informal)a person or thing that is difficult to understand or influence

(非正式)棘手之人（或事）

hard on ( 或 upon)

close to; following soon after

紧跟着

hard on the heels of Wimbledon comes the Henley Regatta.
温布尔登网球赛之后紧跟着就是亨里赛舟会。

实用场景例句

I wanted her and she was playing hard to get.: 我想得到她，但她却故意装出不感兴趣的样子。

California's been particularly hard hit by the recession.: 加利福尼亚受经济衰退的影响尤为严重。

The talks had been hard going at the start.: 会谈从一开始就举步维艰。

The hall porter was feeling hard done by at having to extend his shift.: 酒店行李搬运工因为被迫延长当班时间而愤愤不平。

Paradise Street was a short, crowded street near the railway station and hard by the factory.: 天堂街是火车站附近一条拥挤的小街道，离该工厂很近。

There are probably fewer hard facts about the life of Henry Purcell than that of any other great composer since the Renaissance.: 有关亨利·普赛尔生平的可靠资料可能比任何其他文艺复兴以来的伟大作曲家都要少。

He wanted more hard evidence...: 他想要更多确凿的证据。

The sea was a hard blue.: 大海呈一片耀眼的蓝色。

I am expecting a long, hard winter.: 我估计冬天会漫长而寒冷。

...a prolonged period of hard frost...: 漫长的强霜冻期

Those were hard times.: 那些岁月是非常艰难的。

It had been a hard life for her...: 对她而言，那是一段非常艰苦的生活。

These last four years have been hard on them.: 过去的这四年里他们吃了不少苦。

The grey light was hard on the eyes...: 光线暗淡对眼睛不利。

Don't be so hard on him.: 别对他太苛刻了。

Kate realized that the previous hard look on Maggie's face had been a mask.: 凯特意识到玛吉原先的那副冷酷表情其实是装出来的。

His father was a hard man...: 他的父亲是个冷酷无情的人。

It was snowing hard by then.: 当时雪下得很大。

I've never seen Terry laugh so hard...: 我从未见过特里如此放声大笑。

I kicked a dustbin very hard and broke my toe.: 我狠狠地踢了一脚垃圾箱，结果脚趾骨折了。

He looked at me hard...: 他使劲盯着我看。

You had to listen hard to hear the old man breathe...: 你要仔细听才能听见老人的呼吸声。

...a hard day's work...: 一天的辛苦工作

Coping with three babies is very hard work...: 照顾3个宝宝是非常累人的活儿。

Am I trying too hard?: 我是不是努力过头了？

I'll work hard. I don't want to let him down...: 我会努力工作，我不想让他失望。

She found it hard to accept some of the criticisms directed towards her and her work...: 她发现某些针对自己和自己工作的批评意见很难接受。

It's hard to tell what effect this latest move will have...: 很难说最近这次行动会有什么结果。

Something cold and hard pressed into the back of his neck.: 一个冰冷梆硬的东西顶在了他的脖梗儿上。

He shuffled his feet on the hard wooden floor...: 他拖着脚在硬木地板上走动。