hazard

• vt. 赌运气；冒…的危险，使遭受危险
• n. 危险，冒险；冒险的事
• n. (Hazard)人名；(法)阿扎尔；(英)哈泽德

来自古法语hasard,来自西班牙语azar,骰子，掷骰子赌博，来自阿拉伯语zahr,骰子，拼写受后缀-ard影响俗化。由赌博引申词义危险，危害。参照dicey.

1. a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune;

"drinking alcohol is a health hazard"

2. an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another;

"bad luck caused his downfall"

"we ran into each other by pure chance"

3. an obstacle on a golf course

hazard

hazard: [13] The word hazard was introduced to English as the name for a game played with dice. It was borrowed from Old French hasard, which came via Spanish azar from Arabic azzahr, earlier al-zahr ‘luck, chance’. Its associations were thus from the first with ‘uncertainty’, and its central modern sense ‘danger’ did not develop until the 16th century.

hazard (n.)

c. 1300, name of a game at dice, from Old French hasard, hasart "game of chance played with dice," also "a throw of six in dice" (12c.), of uncertain origin. Possibly from Spanish azar "an unfortunate card or throw at dice," which is said to be from Arabic az-zahr (for al-zahr) "the die." But this is doubtful because of the absence of zahr in classical Arabic dictionaries. Klein suggests Arabic yasara "he played at dice;" Arabic -s- regularly becomes Spanish -z-. The -d was added in French through confusion with the native suffix -ard. Sense evolved in French to "chances in gambling," then "chances in life." In English, sense of "chance of loss or harm, risk" first recorded 1540s.

hazard (v.)

"put something at stake in a game of chance," 1520s, from Middle French hasarder "to play at gambling, throw dice" (15c.), from hasard (see hazard (n.)). Related: Hazarded; hazarding.

danger, risk, hazard, menace, peril, threat

这些名词均含有"危险，威胁"之意。

danger： 含义广，普通用词，指能够造成伤害、损害或不利的任何情况。

risk： 指有可能发生的危险，尤指主动进行某种活动或去碰运气而冒的危险。

hazard比risk正式，多指偶然发生的或无法控制的危险，常含较严重或有一定风险的意味。

menace： 所指的危险性最严重，表示使用暴力或造成破坏性的可能。

peril： 指迫在眉睫很有可能发生的严重危险。

threat： 普通用词，语气弱于menace，指任何公开侵犯对方的言行，给对方构成危险或威胁。

venture, chance, dare, hazard, risk

这些动词均含有"敢于冒险"之意。

venture： 指冒风险试一试，或指有礼貌的反抗或反对。

chance： 指碰运气、冒风险试试。

dare： 可与venture换用，但语气较强，着重挑战或违抗。

hazard： 主要指冒险作出某个选择，隐含碰运气意味。

risk： 指不顾个人安危去干某事，侧重主动承担风险。

Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases.

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazards

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace.

出自-2011年6月听力原文

Its benefits outweigh the hazards involved.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

In America, white tailed deer are more numerous than ever before, so abundant in fact that they've become a suburban nuisance and a health hazard.

出自-2013年12月听力原文

Rock stars now face a new hazard --- voice abuse.

出自-2013年6月听力原文

Hmm, uh, are you trying to say that it presents a health hazard?

出自-2012年12月听力原文

The health hazard at her work place

出自-2012年12月听力原文

As marketing professors Silvia Bellezza, Neeru Paharia, and Anat Keinan recently explained in Hazard Business Review HBR, leisure time was once seen as an indicator of high social status, something attainable only for those at the top.

2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

Careless drivers hazard other people's lives as well as their own.

粗心大意的驾驶者拿他人和自己的生命冒险。

牛津词典

‘Is it Tom you're going with? ’ she hazarded.

“你是要和汤姆一起去吗？”她冒失地问。

牛津词典

Would you like to hazard a guess ?

你想猜猜看吗？

牛津词典

hazard lights (= flashing lights on a car that warn other drivers of possible danger)

（汽车上的）危险警示灯

牛津词典

Everybody is aware of the hazards of smoking.

大家都明白吸烟的危害。

牛津词典

Growing levels of pollution represent a serious health hazard to the local population.

日益严重的污染对当地人民的健康构成了重大威胁。

牛津词典

a fire/safety hazard

火灾 / 安全隐患

牛津词典

'Fifteen or sixteen?' Mrs Dearden hazarded.

“15或16？”迪尔登夫人试着猜道。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I would hazard a guess that they'll do fairly well in the next election...

我斗胆猜测，他们在下一轮竞选中会有不错的表现。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He could not believe that, had the Englishman known how much he was at risk, he would have hazarded his grandson.

他无法相信，如果当时那个英国人知道他冒的风险有多大，他还会让自己的孙子去冒这个险。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Oil leaking from a barge in the Mississippi River poses a hazard to the drinking water of New Orleans.

密西西比河上驳船漏油事件危及新奥尔良市的饮用水。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

A new report suggests that chewing-gum may be a health hazard...

一份新报告指出，口香糖可能对健康有害。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Smoking is a serious health hazard.

吸烟严重危及健康.

期刊摘选

Irritant. May be a reproductive hazard. Typical PEL 100 ppm.

刺激性. 可能是一个生殖危害. 典型贝利百万分之一百.

期刊摘选

I caught this horse by hazard.

我抓住了这匹马也是碰巧了.

期刊摘选

Series 775 Double Check Valve Assemblies provide protection of the potable water supply for non - health hazard - connections .

系列775双止回阀总成防止 交叉连接 处 非 健康危害的流体污染饮用水供应系统.

期刊摘选

Shifting bars are a hazard to navigation and expensive to regulate.

移动沙洲将危害通航,而且要花费资金进行整治.

辞典例句

Did it cause moral hazard as reckless lenders and investors were effectively bailed out?

对轻率的放款机构与投资人纾困,会不会引发道德风险?

期刊摘选

Aluminium became environmental health hazard in the 1980 s on two counts.

自从1980年代起,铝就被认为会对健康造成为害,其理由有二.

期刊摘选

It has exposed the fragility of the foundations of private finance: opaqueness , hazard and sometimes fraud.

它暴露出了私人金融根基的脆弱性 —— 不透明 、 冒险、甚至有时还有欺诈行为.

期刊摘选

Drinking alcohol is a health hazard.

喝酒对健康有害.

期刊摘选

The possible hazard presented here is not just limited to hot dogs.

墨维斯说,不仅热狗可能含有这种潜在的危险.

期刊摘选

On the other hand, the adverse selection and moral hazard of debtors are inspired.

另一方面, 高利率与市场竞争的加剧刺激了借款人的逆向选择行为与道德风险.

期刊摘选

Traffic accident has become the first hazard threatening human security of life and properties.

交通事故已成为威胁人民生命与财产安全的第一杀手.

期刊摘选

Icy road is a hazard to all the drivers, especially the green hand.

结冰的公路对所有的司机来说都是一种危险, 对新手来说尤其如此.

期刊摘选

They have not used this article before, but they are willing to hazard a try.

这种商品他们以前从未用过, 但愿意尝试一次.

《简明英汉词典》

At present, the research objects of most hazard assessment are single hazard resource and process.

目前, 绝大多数危险性评价所研究的对象是单一的危险源或危险过程.

期刊摘选

The noise hazard is the bigger harmful factor of occupation job grading in Thermal power plant.

噪声是电力行业比较突出、影响较大的职业性有害因素.

期刊摘选

He climbed into the car at the hazard of his life.

他冒着生命危险进了汽车.

《简明英汉词典》

Don't hazard your reputation by supporting that crook.

不要冒败坏你名声的危险去支持那个坏蛋.

《简明英汉词典》