irritate
英 ['ɪrɪteɪt]
美['ɪrɪtet]
- vt. 刺激，使兴奋；激怒
- vi. 引起恼怒，引起不愉快
词态变化
第三人称单数: irritates;过去式: irritated;过去分词: irritated;现在分词: irritating;副词: irritatingly;名词: irritation;形容词: irritating;
助记提示
1. rise => ris- => rit- "rise, stir up, set in motion, excite".
2. ir- (in- "into, in, on, upon") + rit- "rise, stir up, set in motion, excite" + -ate.
3. => stimulate to action, provoke, incite. (其构词原理与 incite 差不多，incite => 字面含义：make motion(激发、刺激而使其活动)。)
4. => annoy, make impatient.
5. 该的第二层含义：ir- "not" + rit- (from ratus "fixed by calculation; determined; approved; certain, sure; valid" (past participle adjective from reri "reckon, think;" see rate, reason)) + -ate.
2. ir- (in- "into, in, on, upon") + rit- "rise, stir up, set in motion, excite" + -ate.
3. => stimulate to action, provoke, incite. (其构词原理与 incite 差不多，incite => 字面含义：make motion(激发、刺激而使其活动)。)
4. => annoy, make impatient.
5. 该的第二层含义：ir- "not" + rit- (from ratus "fixed by calculation; determined; approved; certain, sure; valid" (past participle adjective from reri "reckon, think;" see rate, reason)) + -ate.
中文词源
irritate 刺激，使烦恼
来自拉丁语irritus,刺激，煽动，激怒，可能来自ir-,进入，使，-rit,宗教仪式，词源同rite,ritual.引申词义召唤鬼神，诅咒，刺激。
英英释意
- 1. cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations;
- "Mosquitoes buzzing in my ear really bothers me"
- "It irritates me that she never closes the door after she leaves"
- 2. excite to an abnormal condition, of chafe or inflame;
- "Aspirin irritates my stomach"
- 3. excite to some characteristic action or condition, such as motion, contraction, or nervous impulse, by the application of a stimulus;
- "irritate the glands of a leaf"
英文词源
- irritate (v.)
- 1530s, "stimulate to action, rouse, incite," from Latin irritatus, past participle of irritare "excite, provoke." An earlier verb form was irrite (mid-15c.), from Old French irriter. Meaning "annoy, make impatient" is from 1590s. Related: Irritated; irritating.
同义词辨析
bother, disturb, trouble, annoy, irritate, vex
这些动词均有"使人不安或烦恼"之意。
bother： 指使人烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。
disturb： 较正式用词，多用被动态。指拢乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。
trouble： 指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。
annoy： 强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打拢或恼怒。
irritate： 语气比annoy强得多，指激怒，使发怒，多指一种短时间的反应。
vex： 侧重指因不断的干扰而引起的烦恼，有时含激怒的意味。
provoke, irritate, aggravate
这些动词均含"激怒"之意。
provoke： 指激起某人强烈的愤怒，以致令人作出反应。
irritate： 通常指因受到不愉快的刺激而失去耐性，变得烦燥或恼怒。
aggravate： 口语用词。指因长时间的反复言行而引起不快、烦躁或恼怒。
考试真题
- He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.
出自-2011年6月听力原文
- They practically beg a user to ignore the long-suffering professor struggling to pass on accumulated wisdom from the front of the room - a prospect that teachers find most irritating and students view as, well, inevitable.
出自-2013年6月阅读原文
- It can forge better relationships and help you cope with life, or it can be corrosive eating away your self-esteem and irritating others.
出自-2013年12月听力原文
- I had an old aunt who used to throw cups of tea at people when she was particularly irritated.
出自-2011年6月听力原文
- To prove that she was really irritated with her husband
出自-2011年6月听力原文
实用场景例句
- The way she puts on that accent really irritates me.
- 她故意操那种口音的样子实在令我恼火。
牛津词典
- Some drugs can irritate the lining of the stomach.
- 有些药物会刺激胃内壁。
牛津词典
- I found her extremely irritating.
- 我觉得她极其令人恼火。
牛津词典
- an irritating habit
- 恼人的习惯
牛津词典
- an irritating cough/rash
- 令人痛苦的咳嗽 / 皮疹
牛津词典
- [不可数名词, 可数名词]He noted, with some irritation, that the letter had not been sent.
- 他指出那封信还没有发出去，有点生气的样子。
牛津词典
- a skin irritation
- 皮肤发炎
牛津词典
- Their attitude irritates me...
- 他们的态度激怒了我。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Perhaps they were irritated by the sound of crying.
- 也许他们被哭声惹烦了。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Wear rubber gloves while chopping chillies as they can irritate the skin.
- 切辣椒时要戴橡胶手套,因为辣椒会刺激皮肤。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- In fact, almost all drugs irritate me.
- 实际上, 差不多所有的药都刺激我.
期刊摘选
- A nonflammable, sheet material. Fumes, if decomposed may irritate eyes, nose, and throat.
- 是一种难燃的片状材料.当分解时产生的气体会刺激眼睛 、 鼻和咽喉.
期刊摘选
- These new shoes irritate my toes.
- 这双新鞋把我的脚趾夹痛了.
期刊摘选
- There had been a good deal to irritate him, but this seemed much the worst.
- 以前也曾有过许多令他恼火的事, 但是这次事件似乎是最糟糕不过的.
期刊摘选
- Warning: Basil essential oil may irritate sensitive skin.
- 警告: 罗勒精油会刺激敏感皮肤.
期刊摘选
- Cigarette smoke irritate eyes and create a hazy film on the inside of your windshield.
- 香烟会刺激你的眼睛而且会在挡风玻璃上制造一层朦胧的薄雾.
期刊摘选
- Dirt, bacteria, and makeup left on overnight can irritate skin, clog pores , and trigger breakouts.
- 超过一夜的灰尘, 细菌和化妆刺激皮肤, 堵塞毛孔.
期刊摘选
- Today, her chirping enthusiasms did not irritate Lily.
- 今天她在丽莉耳旁叽叽喳喳说的那些热情话并没惹丽莉发火.
辞典例句
- It can irritate the lungs and lowers resistance to respiratory infections such as flu.
- 它会刺激肺部,降低呼吸道抵抗感染的能力,如流感.
期刊摘选
- Don't irritate her, she's on a short fuse today.
- 别惹她, 她今天动不动就发火.
辞典例句
- Why let her irritate you?
- 干嘛为她招自己生气 呢 ?
期刊摘选
- Daily use of ibuprofen can irritate the stomach.
- 每天服用布洛芬会刺激胃.
期刊摘选
- EYES: Dust may cause moderate eye irritation . Fumes may irritate eyes.
- 眼睛: 粉末将导致中等程度眼睛过敏.
期刊摘选
- I do not want to irritate anything or anybody.
- 我不想给任何事情任何人带来影响.
期刊摘选
- Exce medication can irritate surrounding skin.
- 过量药物可能刺激周围皮肤.
期刊摘选
- Her effusive manner of greeting her friends finally began to irritate them.
- 她向朋友们打招呼时那种过于热情的方式到头来使他们感到不是滋味.
期刊摘选
- Commonly, interactive products irritate us because they aren't considerate, not because they lack features.
- 通常, 具有交互性质的产品惹恼我们的不是因为它们缺了哪些功能,而是不体贴.
期刊摘选
- Skincare products of inferior quality may irritate sensitive skin.
- 劣质护肤品会刺激敏感的肌肤.
期刊摘选
- Tune into your hearing and notice which sounds irritate you.
- 协调你的听觉并注意什么声音使你感到不舒服.
期刊摘选
- Never draw fire, it will irritate the rest of your formation.
- 不要吸引对方开火, 那会使你幸存的战友很恼火.
期刊摘选