penalty
英 ['pen(ə)ltɪ]
美['pɛnəlti]
- n. 罚款，罚金；处罚
词态变化
复数: penalties;
助记提示
1、pen- + -al + -ty.
中文词源
penalty 处罚，刑罚，罚点球
来自penal,处罚的，处罚的。后用于指体育运动罚球，罚点球等。
英英释意
- 1. the act of punishing
- 2. a payment required for not fulfilling a contract
- 3. the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition;
- "neglected his health and paid the penalty"
- 4. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game
英文词源
- penalty
- penalty: see pain
- penalty (n.)
- mid-15c., from Middle French penalité and directly from Medieval Latin poenalitatem (nominative poenalitas), from Latin poenalis (see penal). The sporting sense is first recorded 1885. Ice hockey penalty box attested by 1931.
同义词辨析
punishment, penalty
这两个名词均含"惩罚，处罚"之意。
punishment： 泛指各种惩罚，诸如法律、父母、老师以及神的惩罚等。
penalty： 一般指法律上的惩罚或体育运动比赛中的处罚。
考试真题
- Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual circumstances.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety.
出自-2015年12月阅读原文
- Today, there is a serious question about this issue: Should there be a minimum age limit for executing criminals? In other words, is it right for convicted murderers who kill when they are minors—that is under the age of 18—to receive the death penalty?.
出自-2015年12月听力原文
- Americans have always argued about the death penalty.
出自-2015年12月听力原文
- In other words, is it right for convicted murderers who kill when they are minors—that is under the age of 18—to receive the death penalty?
2015年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C
- In the state of South Carolina, a convicted murderer was given the death penalty for a crime he committed while he was a minor.
2015年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C
- In the United States, the governor of a state has the power to change a sentence from the death penalty to life in prison.
2015年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C
- Of the 36 states that allow the death penalty, 30 permit the execution of minors.
2015年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C
- If no penalty is imposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.
出自-2013年12月阅读原文
- While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care.
出自-2010年6月阅读原文
- Then we will offset the penalty clause.
出自-2013年6月听力原文
- By accepting the penalty clauses
出自-2013年6月听力原文
- The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.
出自-2016年考研阅读原文
- College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty.
2019年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
词组搭配
under (或 on) penalty of
under the threat of
在…的威胁下
he ordered enterprises to fulfil contracts under penalty of strict fines.
他以严厉罚款相威胁，命令企业履行合同。
实用场景例句
- to impose a penalty
- 予以惩罚
牛津词典
- Assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.
- 侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。
牛津词典
- The penalty for travelling without a ticket is £200.
- 无票乘车的罚款为200英镑。
牛津词典
- Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.
- 承包商如延误工期将被处以巨额罚款。
牛津词典
- a penalty clause in a contract
- 合同中的惩罚条款
牛津词典
- You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty .
- 您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。
牛津词典
- One of the penalties of fame is loss of privacy.
- 成名的弊端之一是失掉了隐私。
牛津词典
- He incurred a ten-second penalty in the first round.
- 他在第一轮受到停赛十秒钟的处罚。
牛津词典
- Two minutes later Ford equalized with a penalty.
- 两分钟后，福特以一记点球将比分扳平。
牛津词典
- We were awarded a penalty after a late tackle.
- 对方铲球犯规后，我们得到了一个点球。
牛津词典
- I volunteered to take the penalty (= be the person who tries to score the goal/point) .
- 我自愿主罚点球。
牛津词典
- He missed a penalty in the last minute of the game.
- 在比赛的最后一刻，他罚失了点球。
牛津词典
- One of those arrested could face the death penalty...
- 被捕的那些人中有一人可能被判死刑。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- The maximum penalty is up to 7 years imprisonment or an unlimited fine.
- 最高处罚是最多7年监禁或者无上限罚款。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Referee Michael Reed had no hesitation in awarding a penalty...
- 裁判迈克尔·里德毫不犹豫地判了点球。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Jonathan Davies scored a penalty goal.
- 乔纳森·戴维斯点球得分。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- Why should I pay the penalty for somebody else's mistake?...
- 为什么我要代人受过？
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- It's a penalty of us being girls — sons have an easy time.
- 这是我们身为女孩的弊端——男孩子们过得轻松。
柯林斯高阶英语词典
- If you knock the ball with your hand in football, you will suffer a penalty.
- 如果在踢足球时你用手碰到球, 你将受到处罚.
《简明英汉词典》
- The penalty ordered by the referee was in dispute by one of the teams.
- 有一方不同意裁判员所判的罚球.
《简明英汉词典》
- Defenders of the death penalty clearly regard it as the ultimate deterrent.
- 支持死刑的人显然认为死刑是最具威慑力的刑罚.
《简明英汉词典》
- a penalty for handball
- 因手球犯规而罚点球
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- to reintroduce the death penalty
- 恢复死刑
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
- I can't agree with the letter writer who claims bringing back the death penalty would be an abuse of human rights.
- 我不能赞同写信人所称恢复死刑就是侵犯人权的说法。
柯林斯例句
- It's a penalty of us being girls — sons have an easy time.
- 这是我们身为女孩的弊端——男孩子们过得轻松。
柯林斯例句
- Thirteen people have been charged with treason — an offence which can carry the death penalty.
- 13人被控犯有叛国罪——一种可处死刑的罪行。
柯林斯例句