require

• vt. 需要；要求；命令

re-,表强调，-quir,要求，询问，词源同 query,question.

1. require as useful, just, or proper;

"It takes nerve to do what she did"

"success usually requires hard work"

"This job asks a lot of patience and skill"

"This position demands a lot of personal sacrifice"

"This dinner calls for a spectacular dessert"

"This intervention does not postulates a patient's consent"

2. consider obligatory; request and expect;

"We require our secretary to be on time"

"Aren't we asking too much of these children?"

"I expect my students to arrive in time for their lessons"

3. make someone do something

4. have need of;

"This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner"

require (v.)

late 14c., "to ask a question, inquire," from Old French requerre "seek, procure; beg, ask, petition; demand," from Vulgar Latin *requaerere, from Latin requirere "seek to know, ask," from re-, here perhaps meaning "repeatedly" (see re-), + quaerere "ask, seek" (see query (v.)).

The original sense of this word has been taken over by request (v.). Sense of "demand (someone) to do (something)" is from 1751, via the notion of "to ask for imperatively, or as a right" (late 14c.). Related: Required; requiring.

ask, beg, demand, require, request, implore, claim, pray, entreat

这些动词均有"要求，请求"之意。

ask：最普通用词，指向对方提出要求或请求，长、晚辈，上下级之间都可使用。

beg：指恳切地或再三地请求或要求，常含低三下四意味，也多用于应酬场合。

demand：一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。

require：强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。

request：正式用词，指非常正式，有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。

implore：书面用词，着重指迫切、焦急或痛苦地恳求或哀求，常含较强的感情色彩。

claim：指有权或宣称有权得到而公开提出的要求。

pray：语气庄重，指热情、诚恳和敬祈的要求，现不很常用。

entreat：泛指一般"恳求或哀求"，含企图说服对方或用热烈的请求软化反对意见的意味。

lack, need, want, require

这些动词均有"缺少，短少"之意。

lack： 指完全短缺或数量不足。

need： 语气较重，指需要必不可少的东西，强调急需。

want： 侧重缺少某种必需之物，或个人渴望得到的东西。

require： 使用广泛，语气较轻。强调急需时可与need换用，但有时暗示所需的人或物是完成某一任务必不可少的。

Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first-of-its-kind rule requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu.

出自-2016年6月听力原文

The principle is about understanding what is motivating to this group of players, which requires some understanding of psychology.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Security devices are required to list the frequencies they broadcast on—that means that a potential thief can find what they need to know with minimal Googling.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

It requires talent and practice.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

I hate it for the post-dinner math it requires of me.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Passionate, energetic debate does not require anger and hard feelings to be effective.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset ( ' , 思维模式 ).

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

But it does require moral strength.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

My mother's criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective ( ' , 内省的 ) descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

New positions are constantly created that require people to keep learning.

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

And there are environmental benefits, too: renting a car when you need it, rather than owning one, means fewer cars are required and fewer resources must be devoted to making them.

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

The shift to a low-carbon economy will help some firms, hurt others and require every organisation that uses much energy to rethink how it operates

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the lowest risk of injury.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

Determining whether different schools do or don't offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different measures, including students' overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college.

出自-2012年6月阅读原文

For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required.

出自-2011年12月阅读原文

Students of different races are required to share a room.

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

Pielke said that "climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention.

出自-2011年6月阅读原文

Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.

出自-2010年6月阅读原文

Donna helped the people of the village to organize an irrigation project, and she also advised them on planting corps that didn't require much water.

出自-2013年12月听力原文

It usually doesn't require any special attention.

出自-2013年6月听力原文

I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

出自-2011年12月听力原文

If your complaint doesn't require an immediate response, it often helps to complain by letter.

出自-2010年6月听力原文

It requires him to work long hours.

出自-2010年6月听力原文

It requires him to do washing-up all the time

出自-2010年6月听力原文

"As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen," says Nguyen. "In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it,I think physicians can have a bigger voic

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen.

2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rath

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

But it does require moral strength.

2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes.

2018年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

In contrast, California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more restrictive rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.

2019年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset.

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

Postal services work hard to identify items that require priority treatment.

2019年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up?

2017年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems 一 problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.

2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

This requires open investments to help doctors convert.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

That is far less likely to happen if Congress also adopts strong pay-go rules requiring that any increase in payments to providers be offset by new taxes or budget cuts.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

No law required the involvement of a third party in certification.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

As a result, the bills do not require, as they should, that the results of these studies be used to set payment rates in Medicare.

出自-2016年6月阅读原文

Most of them take jobs which don't require a college degree.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

And Sternberg argues that this is a required component of a love relationship.

出自-2016年12月听力原文

They typically carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers, are more likely to work while attending school, and often require significant academic remediation ( ' , 补习 ).

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Higher education institutions are, under federal law, required to report graduation rates, but these reports typically only include Pell recipient number—not necessarily rates specific to first-generation students.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of professionals and skilled labor.

出自-2015年12月阅读原文

But all these concepts are massively expensive, require safety certification standards for road and air, need dual controls, involve complex folding wings and propellers,and have to be flown from air-strips.

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

killy learned an important secret shared by many creative people: innovations don't require genius, just a willingness to question the way things have always been done.

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

Many of us, like Schwartz, struggle to stay focused on tasks that require more concentration than it takes to post a status update.

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

These new complications require the money and labor of many nations.

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

They typically carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers, are more likely to work while attending school, and often require significant academic remediation.

2015年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

This is a grand challenge for our age and it may require an "irrational" response.

2019年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.

2019年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文

A rethink is required - and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.

2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

After all, forced waiting requires patience.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Among the bag makers' arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.

2018年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

An A-team may require A balance—not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.

2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文

As you may know already, it's a required meeting once a week.

2017年高考英语全国卷2 听力 原文

But other books require a bit more work on your part.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 阅读理解 七选五 选项

By comParison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8%of rest-time energy.

2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 任务型阅读 原文

In my first P.E. Class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.

2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment.

2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读表达 原文

Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls in the ground---and, in the process, it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact: bowls of rice do not flood in mid-air, but require support to remain stable.

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

From the governments' point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the cost and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.

2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.

2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.

2018年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

However, we cannot always be intolerant of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel's books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on.

2015年高考英语江苏卷 完形填空 原文

If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?

2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

In Lucy Grant's opinion, why does downsgifting require a lot of thoughts and planning?

2015年高考英语上海卷 听力 题设

In order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend.

2017年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

It just requires a little knowledge.

2016年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 七选五 原文

It requires no training before employment.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读A 选项

Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten.

2017年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.

2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers.

2016年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 七选五 原文

People also volunteer because they are required to do so.

2015年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a forced wait.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.

2018年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.

2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读A 选项

So it's something that requires a lot of thought and planning to get right.

2015年高考英语上海卷 听力 原文

Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.

2019年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the demanding exercise required to bike from France to Poland.

2019年高考英语浙江卷 完形填空 原文

The forced wait requires some self-control.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 选项

The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.

2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

The ticket had a strict no-transfer policy, but since passport information was not required when booking, any Canadian elizabeth gallagher can.

2017年高考英语全国卷3 完形填空 原文

They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.

2017年高考英语全国卷1 语法填空 原文

They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery path.

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 七选五 原文

They were required to give quick responses.

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

This one requires a bit of discipline.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.

2015年高考英语安徽卷 完形填空 原文

To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate their actions.

2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文

To meet this minimum goal, the agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years.

2016年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.

2015年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 七选五 原文

Turning one's life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us.

2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

We require the student's full details at least 4 weeks in advance.

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.

2014年高考英语全国卷1 语法填空 原文

We are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters.

出自-2010年考研阅读原文

In fact,they don’t seem to be required of all.

出自-2010年考研阅读原文

Fewer students require fewer teachers.

出自-2011年考研阅读原文

Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.

出自-2012年考研阅读原文

In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval.

出自-2012年考研阅读原文

Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.

出自-2012年考研阅读原文

These issues all have root causes in human behavior: all require behavioral change and social innovations, as well as technological development.

出自-2013年考研阅读原文

The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses, delivery trucks—isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

"The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College.

2017年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle.

2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

But a group of researchers at Stanford University, led by Ilan Kroo, has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Helping forests flourish as valuable "carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Most tests require collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing.

2009年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

One their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas - city centers, school streets", even individual roads - are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Successful markets require independent and even combative standard- setters.

2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers says.

2017年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver's license issued by the government.

2011年考研真题（英语二）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies.

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

We are fortunate that is it, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations.

2009年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

These pets require a lot of care and attention.

这些宠物需要悉心照顾。

牛津词典

This condition requires urgent treatment.

这种情况得紧急处理。

牛津词典

Do you require anything else? (= in a shop/store, for example)

你还需要什么吗？

牛津词典

True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty.

真正的婚姻有赖于我们表现出信任与忠诚。

牛津词典

The situation required that he be present.

这种情形需要他在场。

牛津词典

Lentils do not require soaking before cooking.

小扁豆在烹饪前不必浸泡。

牛津词典

(British English also)The situation required that he should be present.

这种情形需要他在场。

牛津词典

What exactly is required of a receptionist (= what are they expected to do) ?

接待员的职责到底是什么？

牛津词典

The wearing of seat belts is required by law.

法律规定必须系安全带。

牛津词典

‘Hamlet ’ is required reading (= must be read) for this course.

《哈姆雷特》是这门课程的指定读物。

牛津词典

Several students failed to reach the required standard.

有几名学生没有达到规定的标准。

牛津词典

All candidates will be required to take a short test.

所有候选者都要参加一次小测验。

牛津词典

If you require further information, you should consult the registrar...

如果需要进一步了解信息，请咨询教务主任。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

This isn't the kind of crisis that requires us to drop everything else...

这样的危机并不需要我们抛弃其他的一切。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The rules also require employers to provide safety training...

这些规定还要求雇主提供安全培训。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

At least 35 manufacturers have flouted a law requiring prompt reporting of such malfunctions...

至少有35名制造商触犯了要求此类故障出现后立即上报的法律。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...an important research study that should be required reading for every member of the cabinet.

每一位内阁成员都应阅读的一份重要研究论文

柯林斯高阶英语词典

For eight more days Don Quixote worried and fretted over this problem.

堂吉诃德为这个问题焦躁不安,就这样又延迟了八天多的时间.

期刊摘选

We require the cleanliness from our child.

我们要求孩子爱清洁.

《简明英汉词典》

What clause do you require in the contract?

你要求在合同中订上什么条款?

《现代汉英综合大词典》

Delicatessen usually require little preparation for serving.

熟食一般不需另加烹调便可食用.

《现代英汉综合大词典》

The rules require us all to be present.

按规定我们都要到场.

《现代英汉综合大词典》

My job is so repetitive, it does not require much conscious thought.

我的工作重复性很强, 不需要很多有意识的思考.

《简明英汉词典》

Even great musicians require constant practice.

即使是伟大的音乐家也需要不断的练习.

《简明英汉词典》

All living beings require food.

一切生物都需要食物.

《简明英汉词典》

What gauge of wire do you require?

你需要什么规格的电线?

《简明英汉词典》